1. Both El Tor and Asiatic cholera vibrios were stained specifically with anti-El Tor vibrio fluorescent antibody irrespective of their types, whereas twenty laoratory strains of Gram-negative rods. other than cholera vibrio could not be stained with the same fluorescent antibody.
2. In the fecal specimens from the non-cholera patients and healthy persons, the fluorescent antibody stain-positive organisms or particles were found in a very high rate (88%), in which only a few were strongly positive. These positively stained organisms were easily differetiated from cholera vibrio in the morphological properties or strength of fluorescence. The differentiation of specific and non-specific stain was improved by the observation of the same field using the dark-field illumination by the visible light.
3. The limit of bacterial concentration in this technique to find the stained organisms obviously in the smeared specimen, was considered as around 10⁶/ml.
4. After the enrichment culture for 6 hours, the vibrios could be detected by fluorescent antibody staining in the material which initially contained vibrios as few as about 10²/ml.
5. Fluorescent antibody technique is considered as an effective screening method to detect cholera, patients or carriers, as this technique requires shorter time than the ordinary isolation technique.

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Influenza type B Amakusa strain which gave rise to epidemic from October of 1963 to February of 1964, was a virus having a wide range of antigenic structure.
The rise of serum antibody titers after epidemic was observed against all strains of type B studied. The subsequent reduction of hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers, however, supported the ‘doctrine of the original antigenic sin’, the initial infection of type B Setagaya strain among school children being assumed.
A latent infection of 40 percent was concluded from the antibody distribution on complement fixation before and after epidemic.
The antibody titer level using a single serum for judging an experienced infection was decided from the results of antibody distribution before and after epidemic and from the results of antibody estimation on pair sera from the patients. The titer was 20 on the complement fixing antibody and 128 on the hemagglutination inhibition test with Amakusa and Setagaya strain simultaneously. It was pointed out using this lvel that already from 1960 there were some cases assumed the infection due to the virus strain of the present epidemic.
Antibody titers of the school children in October 1964 were considerably high while those of infants and adults were relatively low. It is therefore presumed that the influenza epidemic might occur to some extent among infants and adults, but in contrast it will not occur among school children unless new variant strains appear.

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Methacolimycin capsule containing 100 mg Sod. Colistin Methasulfonate demonstrated good effects against bacillary dysentery and carrier state of healthy persons in single use, although asubsidance of diarrhea and normalization of stool nature were a little retarded inspite of its excellent in vitro effects. In treatment of antifiotic resistant bacillary dysentery, an urgent problem, a Telatively small dosis of 400 mg Sod. Colistin Methasulfonate were effective almost without any side effects. It was conluded that Methacolimycin was a valuable therapeutic agent against bacillary dysentery, although some problems such as fluctuation of effects and reappearance of bacilli in stool in case of TC-, CP-and SM-sensitive strains were still left unsolved.

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