Serological diagnosis or syphilis by means of fluorescence treponema treponemal antibody (FTA): technic is said to be more specific as compared with other serological technics hitherto used and to have a. specifily equal or even superior to TPI-test, because FTA utilizes pathogenic Treponema itself, but not cardiolipin as the antigen.
However, positive reaction of FTA was observed with sera of some patients or healthy pregnant verified to be non-syphilitic anamnestically. In order to study its mechanism, nonspecific FTA positive reaction was studied on various Treponema strains such as Treponema pollidum Nichols, Treponema Pallidum Reiter, Oral Treponema, Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae and Borrlia recuentis and thefollowing results were obtained.
1) An antigen common to Treponema Genus was found in T.P.Nichols, T.P.Reiter, Oral Treponema. and Borrelia
2) In healthy human sera, something to react with Treponema is found, I.e., syphilitic as well as. nonsyphilitic sera react with T.P. Nichols, T.P. Reiter, Oral Treponame and Borrelia. However, syphilitic sera react in 200 x dilution with then, whereas nonsyphilitic ones react only in dilution under 200 X.
3) Sera of Leptospira patient demonstrated reaction similar to healthy sera against T.P. Nichols, T. P. Reiter, Oral Treponema and Borrelia.
4) T.P. Reiter as well as Oral Treponema possesses its own antigen.
5) Out of 500 sera taken from healthy pregnant women, 3 demonstrated fluorescense reaction (F) 256 x dilution.
6) FTA positive reaction of healthy pregannt woman or better pseudopositive reaction was found to, be absorbed by T.P. Reiter.

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Out of 1, 295 dysentery patients including suspective ones treated 1964 in our hospital, 606 were sporadic cases. Dysentery bacilli were isolated from 345 of these sporadic cases (56.9%). Isolation rate was highest in March and rather low in august.
Strains isolated were Sh. flexneri la, lb, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 1.6, 11.6, 4, Variatio X, Variatio Y, Sonnei etc., out of them Sh. Sonnei being most frequently and 2a, 2b and 3a etc. next frequently encountered.
Out of 345 strains, 174 (50.4%) were each against any one of SM, CM and TC. 2b demonstrated the highest resistance rate (66.7% of 42 strains) and 2a, 3a, Sonnei also showed a high resistance rate.
Among resistance against one drug (SM or TC, ) that against 2 drugs (SM, TC, SM.CM or CM.TC) and that against 3 drugs (SM. CM. TC), the last one (SM. CM. TC-resistance) was most frequently encountered (70.7% of drug resistant strains) Resistance against CM alone, however, was not observed.
Against Sulfonamide (SA), 85, 270 of isolated strains proved to be resistans. Some of 1-2 drugs resistant strains demonstrated resistance against SA, whereas almost all of 3 drugs resistant strains were resistant against SA too, as it has been believed hitherto.
In 1964, 17 mass incidences of dysentery (each having over 10 case) wene observed. The total number of patients were 689, more numerous than sproadic cases. The greatest incidence included 231 cases, caused by food suply in a primary school.
Isolation rate of dysentery bacilli was higher in mass incidences (81.7%) than in sporadic cases, Sh. sonnei being most frequently isolated. Each mass incidences were caused by only one type of strain, but there were some incidences caused by different types.
40.0% of isolated strains demonstrated resistance against various antibiotics. However, this rate was lower than in sporadic cases. That is due to the fact that Sh. Sonnei strains causing great incidences were sensitive to antibiotics. Against SA, 69.6% of 563 strains were resistant, this rate being lower than in sporadic cases. That's also because Sonnei strains isolated from great mass incidences were sensitive to this drug.
Eight sensitive strains (6 Sonnei and 2 2a strains), 2 from sporadic cases and 6 from mass incidences turned to resistant after one course of therapy and resistance pattern also altered. No relationship was noticed either between rise of resistance and season or between sort of drugs and duration of therapy.
Vibrio enteritidis was siolated from 17 out of 421 cases (4.0%) without any isolation of dysentery bacilli. The rate of isolation was highest in august (30.8% out of 26 cases) 0-2 and K-3 were most frequently encountered (8 strains). All the strains demonstrated the same drug resistance, 6.25 r/ml against SM, 0.78 r/ml against CM, 6.25 r/ml against TC and under 100 mg/dl against SA.

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