Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases

During 1961 and 1962, 95 strains of pathogenic staphylococcus were collected by the author from several hospitals in north parts of Taiwan.
These strains were tested on their sensitivities for penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, chioramphenicol, erythromycin, kanamycin, sigmamycin and novobiocin. The number and rate of resistant strains for these antibiotics were 54 (56.84±5.08%), 46 (48.42±5, 11%), 33 (34.73±2.06%, ) 7 (7.36±2.67%), 9 (9.47±3.00%), 0 (0%), 1 (1.06±1.05%), and 4 (4.21±2.06%), respectively.
It was found that most of them were not only resistant to single antibiotics, but also resistant to several antibiotics simultaneously.
In the investigation of phage typing of staphylococci 45 lysed by phage 80/81. 81% of staphylococci with phage type 80/81 were antibiotics resistant strains.

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1) Resistant strains of dysentery bacilli to streptomycin, chloramphenicol and/or tetracycline increased in number rapidly from 1959. In 1960 21.8% of all the dysentery bacilli isolated in our clinic were antibiotic-resistant. They were divided clearly into two groups, sensitive and resistant. Intermediate strains were scarcely discovered. Dysentery bacilli tested by the authors were all sensitive to kanamycin, furaltadone and colistin. Most strains of dysentery bacilli were resistant to sulfadiazine, but a few remained sensitive.
2) Most strains of Sh.flex. were very sensitive to CHQ (chlorhydroxyquinoline)(minimal inhibitory concentration: 0.2-0.8 mcg/ml), whereas Sh. sonn., Sh.flex.4 and Sh. flex.6 were less sensitive (M.I.C.: 6.3-25 mcg/ml).
3) The concentration of CHQ in the intestinal tracts of mice was relatively high after the oral administration. Its concentration in other organs, however, such as liver, spleen, lung, kidney and blood, could not be demonstrated by the biological method used by the authors
4) Antibacterial activity of C.H.Q. was not influenced in liver tissues of mice.
5) In spite of ot the high “in vitro” susceptibility of dysentery bacilli to CHQ, they responded only poorly to the agent in vivo. In view of the serious problem of dysentery due to antibiotic-resistaut strains in Japan, however, CHQ might be considered as one of the available drugs. No side effects were seen after the oral administration.

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