omplement-fixation tests of R. orientalis were performed by the use of antigens treated with sodium deoxycholate.
Cross complement-fixation tests between antigens of the Gilliam, Ohzeki, Karp and Kato strains and immune mouse sera of these four strains and of the Kaneko strain revealed difference of antigenic structure among the Gilliam, Karp and Kato strains. The Ohzeki strain was identical with the Gilliam strain and the Kaneko strain was identical with Karp strain.
In the homologous system of the tests, complement-fixing antibodies of mice infected with R. orientalis began to appear on the 15th day after the infection, rose rapidly in a few days, and reached its maximum in 4-6 weeks after the infection and 8 weeks at latest. Subsequently, the titers declined gradually and showed low titers on the 52nd week after the infection in spite of lives of rickettsia in mice. In the heterologous system, of which antigenic structures were different each other, the titers rose somewhat later and disappeared earlier than those in the homologous system.
It was confirmed that the antigen treated with sodium deoxycholate was utilizable in the specific serological diagnosis of scrub typhus, because convalesceut sera from all four patients with the disease showed significant rise of complement-fixing titers against the antigen.

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This report was subjected to the clinical and laboratory findings which our hospitalized patients, of amebic dysentery had demonstrated.
Among these, it was most noticiable that the elevation serum and urine amylase level occurred in accordance with abdominal pain attacks in four of fifteen cases.
It is the author's viewpoint that our present report bears some significance in supplementing the medical area hitherto scarcely described in available textbooks.

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Epidemic hemorrhagic fever (E.H.F.) had been unknown to World medicine until it was discovered in northeastern Manchuria in 1917 and named as such by medical team of Japanese Imperial Army. Clinical entity was unveiled by them at that time with almost sufficient accuracy. Since then, there have been considerable number of reports of outbreaks, large or sporadic, of E.H.F. in such areas as Russia, Scandinavia, Manchria, and Korea. It has now become clear that E.H.F. is a disease of wide distribution throughout temperate and frigid zone of Eurasian Continent.
It, however, has remained yet to be a disease of rarely known in our country. That is, it has rarely been taken into differential diagnostic considerations of physicians of our country. So, I would like to call a physicians' attention to this disease presenting my cases in this paper.
The author observed, during practising as a local practitioner in Kita ward, almost central district of Osaka city-one of the most vastly and densely populated city in Japan-the incidence of 63 cases of E.H.F. since 1960. Late information revealed that reports of the incidence are coming from the other wards of this city.
The author previously made public the fear that the dissemination of this disease all over Osaka city might be a matter of time. It has been coming into reality. It is feared again that it might, in some time, prevail all over Japan if the situation be left as it has been. As of now, any way, the endemic existence of it in the central area of Osaka city is apparent and quite hazardous to public health.
The patients presented in this paper are relatively mild in clinical appearance, though having shown wide variations in the severity of disease. High fever, for instance, lasted for 3 to, at longest, 5 days and recovery was almost always spontaneous without any special treatment. I should like to mention that the clinical features of E.H.F. enumerated in medical articles or textbooks available seem to be what can be seen in considerably severe cases. Milder cases would be overlooked or misdiagnosed without special differential diagnostic considerations as well as careful observations.
In the light of author's experience, the followings are considered to be characteristic and of diagnostic value in this disease, even in mild one:
1) Abrupt appearance of marked proteinuria on 6th day of illness which gradually decreases and disappears usually 5 days later.
2) Appearance of large polynuclear cells and fibrin formation in urine.
3) Lymphocytosis, increase of plasma cells and emergence of virocytes in blood.
4) Hemorrhagic diathesis-not always manifests to mild one; seen in only 10% of the author's cases, contrary to severe one where it would never fail to be noticed.

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Five hundred and seventy five cases diagnosed clinically as common cold were studied in 26 hospitals of 4 districts (Sapporo, Tokyo, Niigata and Fukuoka) during the period of October in 1965 to March in 1966.
Four hundred and sixty two cases out of 575 were taken for statistical analysis.
Cases were divided at random into three groups:(A) lysozyme daily dose of 60 mg. (B) lysozyme 150 mg and (C) placebo group. Double blind method was used throughout the experiment. Eight symptoms, sneezing, nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, sore throat, cough, sputum, headache and maliase were checked up for the criteria of the disease.
In common cold, no objective signs or laboratory findings are available for clinical evaluation of the therapeutic effect and we cannot help taking subjective symptoms.
Eight symptoms were categorized “severe”, “mild” and “not present”. This ordinal scale was translated into ratio scale, which is able to be wholey mathematicaly operated, based on probability sclale method under three hypotheses.
Then, the cumulative indices of 45 patterns added with 8 symptoms scores were calculated, and partial regression contingency of 8 symptoms, was computed as solution of multiple regression equation that makes the cumulative indices to the objective variables and each 8 symptoms scores to the independent variables.
The estimated cumulative index thus obtained:Y=α+ΣβoiXi
Effect of lysozyme treatment was tested by the average index in each 3 groups before and 48 hours after the treatment.
In the case in which treatment was started within 24 hours after onset, improvement of symptom was observed with statistically significance in group A when compared with group C. No difference was observed between groups B and C, A and B.
When the treatment was begun 24-48 hours after onset, no significant differences were seen in each three groups.
From the result obtained it is concluded that daily dose 60 mg of lysozyme is effective in the treatment of common cold when dosage was started within 24 hours after onset.

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