Eight hundred fifty seven persons were investigated by the author et al on the C.F. reaction 3.207 times in total and 103 persons on the neutralization test at 8 different periods from November 1951 to February 1954 in Tsukurimichi of Shinminato City of Toyama Prefecture. In this campaign, personal accumulation of C.F. antibody was recognized by our co-worker Tsuchiya with the latently infected persons. On the other hand, it was found by Kitaoka that men and horses who are thought to have experienced in the past a latent infection of japanese encephalitis demonstrate a tendency of easy rise of antibody titer in the inoculation experiments of vaccin, which phenomenon was called by him as “retrospective reaction”. From these results of two workers it is assumed that the personal accumulation of C.F. antibody in latently infected persons is due to “retrospective reaction”. In this paper, the shift of C.F. antibody due to “retrospective reaction” was investigated. The results were as follows:
1) The persons who had the history of positive C.F. reaction demonstrated thereapparition of C.F. antibody due to “retrospective reaction”.
2) The cases with repeated or frequent positive C.F. reactions demonstrated a longer duration of antibody because of the more marked “retrospective reaction”. Consequently, the rate of negative reaction was particularly low among these cases.
3) The cases which had a history of positive C.F. test demonstrated an obviously high positive rate. The personal accumulation of C.F. antibody results principally from the “retrospective reaction”.
4) The cause of this “retrospective reaction” was sought in the infection by japanese encephalitis virus.
5) According to the animal experiments carried out in order to study the shift of C.F. antibody due to reinfection of this virus, C.F. antibody titer of guinea pigs increased readily in the early stage, when Nakayama strain of Japanese encephalitis virus was reinoculated to them, after the titer had decreased following the first inoculation of this virus.

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Out of 3, 867 persons (collective inhabitants in infant's, children's or old people's homes, students's dormitories and mental hospitals, dysentery patients, healthy and diarrheal persons under various circumstances, etc., in various districts of Tochigi prefecture), 133 strains of dysentery bacilli (3.18%), 2 strains of salmonella (0.05%) and 310 strains of pathogenic E. coli (8.02%) were isolated during the period from June 1956 to September 1958.
The types of pathogenic E. coli isolated were as follows:
O- 26 (55 strains), O-55 (11 strains), O-75 (10 strains), O-86 (15 strains),
O-111 (44 strains), O-112 (6 strains), O-119 (8 strains), O-124 (18 strains),
O-125 (75 strains), O-126 (15 strains), O-127 (10 strains), O-128 (39 strains),
and O-28 a, 28: B 18 (3 strrins). 13 types in total. O-44 was not isolated.
The types of dysentery bacilli isolated were as follows:
Sh. dysenteriae 6 (1 strain), Sh. fiexneri 1 c (4 strains), 2 a (29 strains), 2 b (48strains), 3 a (10 strains), 3 b (5 strains), 4 a (7 strains), var. Y (2 strains), Sh. sonnei (27 strains). Furthermore, two strains of salmonella shanghai were isolated.
The isolation rate of pathogenic E. coli was somewhat higher in the low age group.
Out of the various groups mentioned above, the group of diarrheal patients demonstrated a slightly higher isolation rate.
A correlation of a certain type to a certain age group or a certain disease group was not observed.
No noteworthy rise of blood antibody titer was recognized in the persons from whom pathogenic E. coli were isolated.

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From 687 sucklings in a suckling's home, Utsunomiya city of Tochigi prefecture, 110 strains of pathogenic E. coli (16.0%) were isolated during the two years from Juli 1957 to September 1958. The types isolated in 1957 were as follows:
O-55 (3 strains), O-75 (3 strains), O-86 (3 strains),
O-111 (25 strains), O-124 (5 strains), O-125 (18 strains), O-127 (1 strain)
The types isolated in 1958 were as follows:
O-86 (2 strains), O-111 (1 strains), O-119 (1 strains), O-125 (11 strains),
O-126 (5 strains), O-128 (29 strains)
Thus, an epidemic of O-111 was observed in 1957 and that of O-128 in 1958.
Superinfection of 2-4 types of pathogenic E. coli was relatively often observed, but persistence of the same type for a long duration was not recognized.
Out of 110 sucklings, from whom pathogenic E. coli was isolated, 66 (60.0%) demonstrated no symptoms, only 4 (3.8%) showed watery or mucus and bloody stool.
As for the contaminant source, the bath water was most incriminated, because the isolation rate of pathogenic E. coli was as high as 66.6%-100.0%.
Under natural circumstances, pathogenic E. coli died in 1-4 days in metal goods, whereas they survived for as a long duration as 50-90 days in a diaper or in other porous substances.

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A mass incidence of pathogenic E. coli O-26 was experienced by the author in an asylum (Sanraku-En) of Utsunomiya city in June 1958.
E. coli O-26 was isolated from 43 (27%) out of 158 persons (males and females in the age of 5-16 years), manifesting no symptoms.
The biological properties were as follows:
It fermented glucose, lactose saccharose, mannite, sorbit, arabinose, xylose, rhamnose, maltose and trehalose, but not salicin, adonite, sulcite and inosite. It was indol positive, V.P reaction negative. A motile gram-negative bacillus not growing on the citric acid medium, with an antigenic structure O-26 B 6 ; H 11
Well water was incriminated as a contaminant source and bath water as a secondary contaminant source.
The persistence of the bacilli was of a relatively short duration, being not observed

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Urine urobilinogen, urine “Naito-substance”(Schwartzman-active substance isolated from scarlet fever patients), CRP and pharyngeal hemolytic streptococci were investigated with 30 typical scarlet fever patients. The results were as follows:
1. The “Naito-substance” was positive in all patients. It was positive until the 3rd or 9th day of illness in 50% of the cases examined and diminished a little in the 3rd or 4th week.
2. The urine urobilinogen was positive in 63% of the patients. The positive rate was highest in the early stage of illness, particulary in the 3rd to 8th day. It was positive in almost 40%. It declined rapidly in the 3rd or 4th week, however, some positive cases were still observed.
3. CRP was positive in all patients. The positive rate was highest in the earlystage of illness, i.e. in more than 80% of the cases examined until the 10tn day. It declined gradually, however, even in the 3rd to 4th week it was positive in 17%.
4. Concerning the relationship between these 3 substances, they turned positive simultaneously in many cases, whereas in the other cases CRP appeared earlier than the other two.
From the 3rd day on, all the three substances appeared together with and then. decreased hand in hand. However, they remained slightly positive until the 4th week.
5. Hemolytic streptococcus, positive in 80% of the cases examined, decreased rapidly from the 2nd to 4th week of illness, fluctuating between 30% and 70%,
6. During the febrile stage, urine “Naito-substance”, urobilinogen and CRP remained highly positive.
7. Complicated cases demonstrated a longer duration of hemolytic streptococcus persistence, “Naito-substance” excretion, urobilinogen and CRP positive period, as compared with non-complicated cases.
8. “Naito-substance”, urine urobilinogen and CRP proved beneficial for discovery of latent diseases, especially of infectious diseases due to microorganisms.

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