Epidermal melanocytes and Langerhans cells of normal human skin and vitiligo vulgaris were observed under an electron microscope. The results were as follows;
1) Inside inner nuclear membrane, nuclear substance in belt, about 600Å wide, is observed all around the nucleus. There are fibrous structures, well-developed rough-surfaced e. r., many groups of ribosomes (each consisting of several ribosomes) and, many vesicles in cytoplasm. The above are findings common to melanocytes and Langerhans cells. But while melanocytes have melanosomes and melanin granules, Langerhans cells have Birbeck's granules and lysosomes instead. Melanosome presumably originates in smooth-surfaced e. r., and Birbeck's granules in Golgi body. Birbeck's granule is elliptic, its long axis being 0.3μ, short axis 0.2μ and its width 300-400Å. Some granules have egg-shaped bulges respectively at one end.
2) In the basal cell layer of vitiliginous epidermis, dendritic cells of the same structure as Langerhans cells and dendritic cells containing fewer organelles are observed. The latter are regarded as melanocytes that have lost melanin productivity.
3) Langerhans cells are not mere effete cells of melanocytes, but are still carrying on protein synthesis. DOPA reaction test has proved Langerhans cells don't produce DOPA-melanin in any organelle of its cytoplasm. Consequently, Langerhans cells may well be called effete cells of melanocytes in respect of melanin productivity.
4) DOPA reaction test has proved only melanosomes and smooth surfaced e. r. have DOPA-melanin productivity in epidermal melanocytes.
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