巻号一覧
42 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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綱分 憲明, 田原 靖昭, 湯川 幸一, 千住 秀明, 勝野 久美子1993 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 339-349
発行日: 1993/08/01
公開日: 2010/09/30
ジャーナル フリー全国高校体育大会の女子バレーボール準優勝チーム (1988.10) 及び優勝チーム (1989.8) の九州文化学園高校選手計24名の体格, 身体組成, VO2max及びO2debtmaxを測定した.また, 同時に11ケ月間のトレーニング効果について5人を対象に検討した.得られた結果の概要は次の通りである.
1.身長及び体重の平均値は, 168.3±5.22cm, 59.82±4.93kgであった.
2.皮脂厚和 (8部位) の平均値は, 109.1±20.72mmであり, 一般高校生のおよそ82%であった.
3.%Fatの平均値は, 17.9±3.19%で一般高校生のおよそ77%であり, LBM及びLBM/Htの平均値はそれぞれ49.03±3.64kg, 29.13±1.95kg/mであった.
4.体重当たりのVO2max及びO2debtmaxの平均値は, それぞれ45.7±3.35m1/kg・min, 94.8±14.79m1/kgであった.
5.同様に測定した長崎県内ベスト4チーム選手値の平均は, %Fatで22.0±3.66%, VO2maxで42.4±5.30m1/kg・min, O2debtmaxで70.5±10.27m1/kgであった.
6.高校トップレベルチーム選手は, 県高校ベスト4チーム選手に比べ, %Fatは有意に低く, VO2max及びO2debtmaxは有意に優れていた.
7.%Fat及びVO2maxは, 我が国の大学, 実業団あるいは全日本レベルとほぼ同等値であった.
8.11ケ月間のトレーニングにより, VO2max (m1/kg・min) で有意な向上が見られ, その伸びはおよそ8%であった.なお, %Fat, LBM及びO2debtmaxでは, 有意な差は見られなかった.
以上のことから, 九州文化学園高校チーム選手は, 全国インターハイで優勝, 準優勝という成績を収めるに必要な優れた身体組成, 有酸素的体力及び無酸素的体力をトレーニングを通して有していた.また, 資質に恵まれた選手が多く入部することも高い競技力に貢献している.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1246K) -
渡辺 完児, 中塘 二三生, 田中 喜代次, 三宅 眞理, 前田 如矢1993 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 350-359
発行日: 1993/08/01
公開日: 2010/09/30
ジャーナル フリーThe tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance (BI) method has been proposed as a convenient, valid approach for estimating the body composition of normal healthy adults. However, the validity of the BI method has not yet been confirmed for Japanese junior high school boys and girls. The purpose of this study was to develop convenient and useful equations for predicting the body composition in junior high school boys and girls by the BI method. The subjects were 297 healthy boys and girls, aged 12.15 years, all of whom were Japanese. Impedance was measured using a tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance plethysmograph (800 pA, 50 kHz SIF-891) manufactured by Selco. Multiple regression analysis was used to derive prediction equations for Db that were specifically applicable to boys and girls. The effective prediction equations for Db were as follows : 1) Db=1.1860-0.1282 (Wt·Z) /Ht2, and 2) Db=1.1402-0.0706 (Wt·Z) /Ht2-0.0007· (abdomen) for boys. 1) Db=1.1337-0.0778 (Wt·Z) /Ht2, and 2) Db=1.1124-0.0498 (Wt·Z) /Ht2-0.0006· (subscapular) for girls, where Db=body density (g/ml), Wt=weight (kg), Z =impedance (ohms), Ht=height (cm) . Db estimated by each respective equation was highly correlated with body density measured by underwater weighing (UW-Db) : 1) r=0.881, SEE=0.00868/ml, 2) r=0.902, SEE=0.00788/nil for boys and 1) r= 0.741, SEE=0.0101 g/ml, 2) r=0.775, SEE =0.0095g/ml for girls. Furthermore, in a cross-validation analysis of prediction equations for Db, another sample consisting of 40 boys and 66 girls was used. Db estimated from each respective equation was correlated highly with UW-Db : 1) r=0.856, 2) r=0.887 for boys and 1) r=0.837, 2) r=0.860 for girls. There were no significant differences between the mean Db obtained by the BI method and that by the criterion method. We suggest that the prediction equations proposed in this study are useful for valid assessment of body composition of Japanese junior high school boys and girls aged 12 through 15 years.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1141K) -
伊藤 友一, 渡辺 好博, 大島 義彦1993 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 360-370
発行日: 1993/08/01
公開日: 2010/09/30
ジャーナル フリーPrevious studies have shown that the process of recovery after disuse muscle atrophy varies in different experimental models. We investigated the process of recovery of M, soleus atrophy after immobilization, with special reference to changes in structural and soluble proteins by means of electrophoresis and histochemical changes using myosin-ATPase staining. After rabbits had been subjected to 3 weeks of hindlimb immobilization, the changes were investigated immediately after the termination of immobilization, and at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 weeks of recovery. Just after the termination of immobilization, the wet weight of the M. soleus was 32.7±14.0% that of the opposite limb. The wet weight recovered rapidly and returned to the same level as that of the opposite side by 4 weeks. The amount of structural proteins decreased after immobilization, but did not return to the control level at 6 weeks after recovery. No new bands appeared in the electrophoretic patterns of the structural and soluble proteins at any of the stages of recovery. Furthermore, the special features of the bands of myosin light chains (MLCs-1, MLCs-2) also showed no change. ATPase staining showed that the area of type 2 fibers increased, and occupied 45.2±12.6% of the total area at 3 weeks after recovery, whereas that of muscle from controls occupied 17.3±5.7%. The area did not return too the control level by 6 weeks of recovery. The discrepancy between the histochemical changes and the changes in structural or soluble proteins during the recovery process appeared to be due to differences in the turnover ratio of each protein. It appears that the process of recovery of disuse muscle atrophy after immobilization is variable and compley, and differs according to the method of observation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6641K) -
李 美淑, 田中 喜代次, 松浦 義行, 早川 洋子, 竹田 正樹, 盧 昊成, 浅野 勝己1993 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 371-379
発行日: 1993/08/01
公開日: 2010/09/30
ジャーナル フリーBiological age based on the assessment of various physiological factors measured in a resting state has been proposed as an appropriate index of aging. We have recently developed an equation for estimation of physical fitness age (PFA), which is composed of eight age-related physical fitness variables. These include oxygen uptake corresponding to lactate threshold (Vo2@LT), maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max), side step, grip strength, vertical jump, foot balance with eyes closed, trunk extension, and trunk flexion. In this study, the validity of PFA as a critical index of physical health and/or aging status was investigated from a longitudinal standpoint on the assumption that exercise habituation does contribute to health promotion. The subjects were 14 Japanese middle-aged and elderly men, aged 50 to 70 years, all of whom were patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) . The subjects participated in a supervised exercise conditioning program for 90 to 120 min each session, 2 times weekly for 4 months. Analyses of the data indicated that the mean PFA of the subjects (66.0±9.0 yr) after conditioning was significantly (P<0.05) lower than the mean PFA (72.8±8.6 yr) obtained before conditioning. After the exercise program, significant increases were documented in Vo2@LT (17%), Vo2max (12%), side step (26%), trunk flexion (109%), trunk extension (7%), vertical jump (12%), and foot balance with eyes closed (31%) . Therefore, we conclude that our exercise conditioning program may alter the overall physical fitness of patients with CHD, and that PFA could be a valid physical health and/or aging index.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1121K) -
金 憲経, 松浦 義行, 田中 喜代次, 稲垣 敦1993 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 380-388
発行日: 1993/08/01
公開日: 2010/09/30
ジャーナル フリーExcess body fat has generally been considered to be an influential factor on physical fitness and motor ability in obese girls. However, little information is available on physical fitness and motor ability in this population group. The purpose of this study was to clarify selected characteristics of physical fitness and motor ability in obese girls in comparison with non-obese girls. The subjects were 302 girls aged 12-14 years. Nineteen physical fitness and motor ability items were tested, and skinfold thickness was measured at six sites. Bioelectrical impedance was measured using a tetrapolar impedance plethysmograph (Selco SIF-891) . Body density was calculated from the formula of Kim et al. The results of the comparative study clearly indicated that the obese group was significantly inferior in the 1, 000-m run, 50-m run, 5-min run, modified pull-ups, running long jump and many other variables, but superior in grip strength and back strength. To analyze the factorial structure for these girls, principal factor analysis was applied to the correlation matrix which was calculated with 19 variables, and then six factors were extracted. The obese group was significantly inferior in total body endurance, muscular strength and muscular endurance to the non-obese group. From these results, it was confirmed that excess body fat could be one of the most important factors affecting the state of many physical fitness and motor ability elements in obese girls. However, the relationships between physical fitness, motor ability and the degree of fatness seem to be rather complicated. A great deal of data should be accumulated for more detailed analysis of the influence of excess body fat in obese girls.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (973K) -
川中 健太郎, 樋口 満, 勝田 茂1993 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 389-395
発行日: 1993/08/01
公開日: 2010/09/30
ジャーナル フリーIn the present study, we examined whether GLUT4 concentration in rat skeletal muscle is dependent on local muscle activity level or not. In ten male Sprague-Dawley rats, one side of gastrocnemius muscle was tenotomized, and the other side contralateral muscle was treated sham operation as a control. Gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles were excised from both legs at the five weeks after surgery. After the muscles were weighed, GLUT 4 concentration and citrate synthase (CS) activity were measured. The results are summarized as follows:
In gastrocnemius muscle, tenotomy induced decreases of 25% in muscle weight, 16% in CS activity, and 25% in GLUT 4 concentration as compared with the control muscle. These data suggest that although extramuscular environment is similar, different GLUT 4 concen-tration in both muscles is induced by different muscle activity level. Therefore, it is con-cluded that muscle activity level regulates GLUT 4 concentration in skeletal muscle. In over-loaded synergistic plantaris muscle, muscle weight and GLUT 4 content per whole muscle were increased by 18% and 17%, respectively, but GLUT 4 concentration and CS activity were not changed as compared with the control muscle. These data could be interpreted that GLUT 4 concentration and mitochondrial oxidative enzyme activity in skeletal muscle are coregulated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2319K) -
山本 順子, 山田 茂, 藤巻 正人, 内間 高夫1993 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 396-405
発行日: 1993/08/01
公開日: 2010/09/30
ジャーナル フリー骨萎縮のメカニズムをそれを引き起こす遺伝的要因を解明することから探ろうと考え, 遺伝的にほぼ均一とされる近交系マウスにTail-up Suspensionを行い骨萎縮を導き系統間に見られる骨への反応の違いを観察した.実験にはNZW/N, C3H/He, DBA, CBA/N, AKR/N, Balb/C, A/J, NZB/N, C57BLの9近交系を用いた.1週間のTail-up SuspensionによってS群の体重はC群に比べて有意に低くなった.C群の骨の大きさから比較すると骨が大きかった近交系は, NZB/N, AKR/N, NZW/N, C3H/Heであった.逆に骨が小さかった近交系はDBA, A/J, Balb/C, CBA/Nであった.脛骨絶対重量はNZW/N, C3H/He, Balb/C, NZB/N, C57BLA/Jの6近交系でS群の方がC群に比べて有意に小さかった.さらにS群とC群の骨重量比から比較すると, NZW/N, C3H/He, C57BL, Balb/Cの順に萎縮率が減少し, NZB/N, AKR/N, CBA/N, が小さくDBAが最も萎縮率が小さかった.骨の発育とSuspension刺激に対する反応の現れかたの傾向とは一致しなかった.
骨の発育を決定する遺伝的要因と骨萎縮をもたらす遺伝的要因とは異なることが予想できる.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1140K) -
吉田 敬義1993 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 406-414
発行日: 1993/08/01
公開日: 2010/09/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (921K) -
1993 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 415-426
発行日: 1993/08/01
公開日: 2010/09/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1546K)
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