体力科学
Online ISSN : 1881-4751
Print ISSN : 0039-906X
ISSN-L : 0039-906X
30 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
  • ―脚の追跡運動の場合―
    北本 拓, 吉田 健一, 松永 郁男
    1981 年30 巻5 号 p. 231-239
    発行日: 1981/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    目標値としての0.4Hzの正弦波を視覚情報として与え, それを脚の伸展・屈曲運動で追跡するという実験から若年者 (22~29才) と中高年者 (32~64才) の運動調節状態を検討した。特にその運動調節システムに補償的要素として, 1, 2, 4, 8kgの錘の負荷を加えその要素が運動の調節状態にいかに作用するかを解析した。その結果, 以下のことが明らかになった,
    1.目標波形に対する応答波形の振幅比では, 伸展時の場合, 22~29才の2kgと4kgで最適調節状態がみられた。32~64才では各負荷とも目標波形より小さい振幅がみられた。屈曲時の場合, 各被検者で各負荷とも目標波形より大きな振幅がみられた。
    2.目標波形に対する応答波形の位相ずれでは, 伸展時, 屈曲時ともに22~29才で各負荷で約-5~-10degreeの位相おくれがみられた。
    3.目標波形に対する応答波形の総合的な評価として, 制御成績からみると, 22~29才と32~36才では, 各負荷とも約5~15cm2, 45才以上では, その約2倍の偏差量がみられた。
    4.特に55~64才の4人の被検者では, 鍾の増加に伴なって, 偏差量が次第に増加する傾向がみられた。
    5.脚の運動調節システムでは, 左右の差はいずれの指標とも有意な差はみられなかった。
  • 北村 潔和
    1981 年30 巻5 号 p. 240-245
    発行日: 1981/10/01
    公開日: 2010/12/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    本実験では, 電気刺激を適用して, 右下腿の律動的作業を行わせた際の左右の大腿と下腿血流量を水銀ラバーストレインゲージプレチスモグラフを用いて同時測定した。
    作業終了直後 (10秒以内) の右下腿血流量は, 安静時に比べて約3.00倍に増大した。一方, 非活動部位の右大腿および左大腿と下腿血流量には, 安静時に比べて有意な変化が認められなかった。
  • 今野 道勝, 若菜 智香子, 武谷 溶
    1981 年30 巻5 号 p. 246-252
    発行日: 1981/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Measurement of fatty mass (%Fat) by the method of Nagamine, maximal aerobic power (MAP) according to the method of Margaria et al., blood pressure and serum lipids were carried out on 104 males and 169 females aged 20-49 years to provide a basis for the evaluation of obesity by %Fat. Obesrvation of food intake was also done by a routine questioning and parsonal interview to clarify the characteristics of subjects. The energy from fats were about 25% of caloric intake and the animal fat were about 49% of total fats intake in both sexes. In the case of males, significant correlations were found between %Fat and HDL-choresterol (HDL), triglycerids (TG) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) . Values of %Fat calculated from each regression equation when HDL=35mg/dl, TG=150mg/dl and DBP=89mmHg were about 21%, 20% and 33%, respectively. The highest value of %Fat was 27.4% in males. About 86.7, % of subjects whose %Fat above 20% showed one or more abnormal values (HDL below 34mg/dl, TG above 15lmg/dl or DBP above 90mmHg) . The appearance rate was about 61.3% in the case of subjects whose %Fat within the range of 15-19.9%. However, significantly lower rate of about 31.0% was found in the case of subjecte whose %Fat under 15%. From these results, it is considered that man whose %Fat above 20% is called obesity and man whose %Fat within the range of 15-19.9% is called mild obesity. The appearance rates of abnormal HDL, TG or DBP were about 15.4% in the case of Fit Non-obese group (MAP above 40ml/ kg/min & %Fat under 15%), about 42.9% in the case of Unfit Non-obese group (MAP under 40ml/kg/min & %Fat under 15%) and about 66.7% in the case of Unfit Obese group (MAP under 40ml/kg/min & %Fat above 15%) . Differences of the appearance rates between Fit Non-obese group and other two groups were significant but not significant between Unfit Non-obese group and Unfit Obese group. Though 11 subjects who were prohibited the exercise test by medical check and 9 Fit Obese subjects were not involved in this calculation of the appearance rate, it is said that combined method of %Fat and other functional measure such as MAP etc, is also necessary to evaluate the obesity. In the case of females, significant correlations were found between %Fat and HDL, total choresterol (TC) and DBP. However, values of %Fat calculated from each regression equation when HDL=40mg/dl, TC= 243mg/dl and DBP=89mmHg were about 72%, 208% and 57%, respectively. However, the highest value of %Fat was only 47.1% in females. Difference of the appearance rates of subjects who showed one or more abnormal values (HDL below 39mg/dl, TC above 244mg/dl or DBP above 90mmHg) were not found significantly even between the highest %Fat group (38.6±4.1%) and the lowest %Fat group (17.0± 2.1%) . Therefore, in the case of females, a cutoff point of obesity and non-obesity was not found. These results indicate that effects of the increase of body fat or physical inactivity on serum lipids and blood pressure are considerably moderate in females.
  • 若菜 智香子, 今野 道勝, 大坂 哲郎, 安永 誠, 千綿 俊機, 増田 卓二
    1981 年30 巻5 号 p. 253-258
    発行日: 1981/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Measurement of maximal aerobic power (MAP), food intake and fatty mass (%Fat) were carried out on 104 males aged 20-49 years living in suburban, rural and moun-tainous districts as a basic research for determing successful living conditions in modern society or in future ages. Measurement of MAP was made indirectly follow-ing the method of Margaria et al. Each subject screened medically was given two different intensities of step up and down exercises, and MAP was calculated from heart rates immediately after exercises and the individual's estimated maximal heart rate. Observation of food intake was conducted by a routine qusetioning, however, checks and counterchecks were made by personal interview until reliable figures had satisfactrily been obtained. %Fat was estimated from skinfold thickness according to the method of Nagamine.
    No age differences were found in MAP and 2oFat. Significant negative correlations were found between %Fat and caloric intake per kilogram of body weight per day (P<0.01) and between %Fat and MAP per kilogram of body weight per minute (P< 0.01) . A weak negative correlation was found between %Fat and caloric intake per kilogram of lean body mass per day. A significant positive correlation was found between MAP per kilogram of body weight per minute and caloric intake per kilogram of body weight per day (P<0.05) . Therefore, it is said clearly that physical inactivity rather than excessive caloric intake is associated with the development and mainte-nance of obesity.
    Caloric intake and each nutrient intake of UO (Unfit Obese, MAP below 40m1/kg/ min & %Fat above 15%) group and UN (Unfit Non-obese, MAP below 40 ml/kg/min & %Fat below 15%) group were less than those of FN (Fit Non-obese, MAP above 40 ml/kg/min & %Fat below 150) group, respectively, and differences of those intakes between UO group and UN group were not significant. Mean calcium intake of UO group and UN group were less than the recommended allowance value of 10 mg/kg/ day. Both of MAP per kilogram of body weight per minute and per kilogram of lean body mass per minute of FN group were higher than those of UO group and UN group (P<0.01, respectively) . However, differences of mean MAP were not found significantly between UO group and UN group. It is considered that physical inac-tivity is not always associated with obesity, however, it is said from the health scien-tific point of view that fit non-obese man is more desirable than unfit non-obese one.
  • ―運動負荷時の血中 metabolites の変動と長期運動効果―
    岡田 邦夫, 藤井 暁, 大橋 誠, 田中 史朗, 関 淳一, 和田 正久, 赤井 俊洋, 奥田 清, 井関 敏之, 脇田 正道
    1981 年30 巻5 号 p. 259-266
    発行日: 1981/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Exercise has been well known to a fundamental treatment of diabetes mellitus, as well as diet therapy. Nevertheless, its therapeutic use and clinical effects are still unknown in details. The aim of this study is the establishment of practical exercise therapy for the patients with diabetes mellitus. The present study shows the acute exercise effects on blood metabolites and the effects of long term physical training in diabetics.
    The following results were obtained.
    1) Although no significant change of blood glucose level was observed in normals, the decrease of blood glucose and triglyceride levels were observed in diabetics in acute exercise. Moreover marked elevation of FFA level was also observed after acute exercise in diabetics.
    2) Significant decrease of blood glucose and increase of HDL-cholesterol levels were found in diabetics by long term regular physical training.
    3) Body weight reduction without loss of lean body mass and the improvement of physiological response to exercise test were achieved after long term physical training.
    These results suggest that the regular physical training leads to the better control of diabetes mellitus and keeps good condition in patients with diabetes mellitus, and that it may have a important role of the prevention for the diabetic vascular complication.
  • 原田 邦彦, 永井 猛, 碓井 外幸, 小林 啓三
    1981 年30 巻5 号 p. 267-269
    発行日: 1981/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 1981 年30 巻5 号 p. 270-274
    発行日: 1981/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
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