Juntendo Medical Journal
Online ISSN : 2188-2134
Print ISSN : 0022-6769
ISSN-L : 0022-6769
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Volume 28, Issue 2
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Contents
  • A Study of Hemoglobin Oxygen, Affinity in Chronic Respiratory Failure
    MITSUKO SUZUKI
    1982 Volume 28 Issue 2 Pages 153-162
    Published: June 10, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.28.153
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Changes in the arterial 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate (2, 3-DPG) concentrations and factors affecting the mechanism of oxygen transfer were examined. First of all, experimental pneumonitis was induced in mature rabbits by injecting N-methyl-N-nitrosourethane. These experiments were done in order to study above these changes without influence of oxygen inhalation which was usually indispensable in clinical cases with pulmonary insufficiency. In subjects with chronic pulmonary insufficiency, a significant increase in 2, 3-DPG levels and a negative correlation between 2, 3-DPG and PaO2 were disclosed. In chronic hypercapnic patients (PaCO2 48 torr>) the increase of 2, 3-DPG level was alleviated by effects of hypoxemia and acidosis. In contrast to the clinical cases, the sequential changes of 2, 3-DPG showed a close correlation with the gradual decrease of PaO2 in the experimental pulmonary insufficiency. These findings suggest that 2, 3-DPG levels were determined by PaO2 in chronic hypoxic patients and by PaO2 and pH in chronic hypercapnic patients. P50 levels were within normal range in 9 patients with chronic pulmonary insufficiency with normal pH levels.
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  • Clinical Studies of Cryoprostatectomy, Part 2 : On Its Post Operative Results. (Based on Follow-Up Survey.)
    YOSHINAO HIKICHI
    1982 Volume 28 Issue 2 Pages 163-174
    Published: June 10, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.28.163
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The number of patients with prostatic hypertrophy or prostatic cancer tends to increase with the population growth of the aged in Japan. Although prostatic hypertrophy or prostatic cancer was formely treated by open surgery or transurethral resection., we have added cryoprostatectomy since 1968. A survey of post-operative results of both 172 cases of prostatic hypertrophy and 24 cases of prostatic cancer, treated with cryoprostatectomy between February 1968 and December 1978, was conducted in December 1979 by mailing questionnaires. Items provided in the questionnaire included : 1. various subjective symptoms related to urination 2. the dates of recurrence and the method for its treatment if recurrence of dysuria occured after cryoprostatectomy 3. the present health condition 4. comments on cryoprostatectomy Questionnaires were mailed to 124 cases of prostatic hypertrophy and 13 cases of prostatic cancer with the exception of case swith such an inevitable reason as the death and the address unknown, and were replied by 81 cases of prostatic hypertrophy (64 per cent responded) and 8 cases of prostatic cancer (62 per cent responded). They show that 76 per cent of the cases of prostatic hypertrophy keep good urination, which convinces us that the use of cryoprostatectomy in cases of prostatic hypertrophy has a long-term effect. There are 15 cases of recurrent dysuria; of these, 9 received re-operation including 4 cases treated with cryoprostatectomy. Of the 8 cases of prostatic cancer, 4 are alive; of these, 3 keep good urination and visit our hospital periodically while 1 complains of pollakisuria during the night. In addition to the items provided for the questionnaire, other factors such as the age of patients, the anaesthetic method, the freezing time and pre-and post-operative complications are also examined in this paper. Furthermore, the most nearly cryoprostatectomy method is discussed.
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  • Clinical Studies on. the Prostatic Shapes and Dysuria by means of Transrectal Longitudinal Ultrasonotomography
    MASAO NAKAJO
    1982 Volume 28 Issue 2 Pages 175-192
    Published: June 10, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.28.175
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Using 3. 5 MHz Transrectal Linear Electronic Scanner, a newly developed equipment for transrectal longitudinal ultrasonotomography, 118 human objects, 88 prostatic hyperplasias, 21 prostatic cancers and 9 normal prostates were examined. New pattern models of longitudinal prostatic shapes were designed, and according it they were classified in 16 types in 4 groups. The measurement of the prostatic sizes in longitudinal section, and of the residual urine volumes were performed also. The correlations of those, longitudinal prostatic shapes, prostatic sizes in longitudinal section and residual urine volumes were examined as follows. 1. In the normal prostates, nearly low triangular or rather small oval shapes were seen commonly, and they were classified in A-1 and B-1 types. The mean size of the longitudinal axis was 34.7 ± 2.8mm, the one of the thickness was 22.0 ± 2.1mm, and the intravesical projection of the prostate was none. The close correlation between the former two sizes were recognized. The residual urine was not seen in all cases of normal prostates. 2. In the prostatic hyperplasias, rather large oval or nearly high triangular shapes were seen in majority, and they were classified in B-4, B-1 and A-1 types. The mean size of the longitudinal axis was 43.5 ± 1.1mm, the one of the thickness was 32.5 ± 1.1mm, and the one of the intravesical projection was 5.4 ± 0.8mm. Those three sizes have close correlations each other. The difference of the residual urine volumes between A and B group was recognized closely, but between A-1 and B-1 type it was not recognized. Between B-4 type and all other types except C group, the difference of the residual urine volumes was recognized. The size of the longitudinal axis and the one of the intravesical projection correlated with the residual urine volume closely. Therefore in the middle stage of the prostatic hyperplasia, the residual urine volume increase distinctly after the prostatic longitudinal shape becomes large oval and intravesical projection is seen. 3. In the prostatic cancers, B group formed 71%, especially many cases were classified in B-4 type. The mean size of the longitudinal axis was 44.8 ± 1.9mm, the one of the thickness was 32.4 ± 1.7mm, and the one of the intravesical projection was 4.8 ± 1.3mm. The shape and the each size of the prostatic longitudinal section was similar to the prostatic hyperplasia. Former two sizes were recognized close correlation, but no other correlation among the sizes was seen. The difference of the residual urine volume between B-4 type and other types, was recognized to some degree. Between the each size and the residual urine volume no correlation was seen. Therefore the dysuria caused by the prostatic cancer has other causes without prostatic enlargement in sizes.
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  • A Classification for Taiwan Natives by Principal Component Analysis
    KUNIO ABE
    1982 Volume 28 Issue 2 Pages 193-197
    Published: June 10, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.28.193
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    By application of principal component analysis using 4 somatometric parameters; head length (x1), head breadth (x2), bizygomatic breadth (x3), and morphologic facial height (x4), the Taiwan natives (Proto-malay or non-sinicized people in Taiwan), which are divided into 10 tribes by their cultural and social differences, were classified clearly into 4 groups, that is, Group 1-Yami·Atayal, Group2-Saisiyat, Group3-Paiwan·Rukai, Group4- (A) -Bunun·Tsou, (B) -Ami·Thao·Puyuma, according to the similarities of the patterns of scatter diagrams as showing on Fig. 1-5 respectively. Means and standard deviations of the measurements, correlation coefficient matrices among variables, and factor loading are shown respectively on Table 1, 2, and 3. The cumurative contribution rate up to the second principal component is 73.2% for male and 73.5% for female. The first and second principal components Z1 and Z2 of male are given by the+ following solutions (x' : the normalized value of measurements). Z1=0.395x1'+0.552x2'+0.6023'+0.422x4' Z2=0.594x1'-0.490x2'-0.325x3'+0.549x4' For female, the equations are expressed as follows : Z1=0.347x1'+0.547x2'+0.600x3'+0.469x4' Z2=0.748x1'-0.493x2'-0.264x3'+0.358x4' It is considered that the first principal component (horizontal axis) represents the factor of the overall size of variables employed, while the second principal component (vertical axis) represents the overall shape. It seems, however, that this classification contains too many groups to the minority (natives) in Taiwan populated of only 200,000 or so, and it is considered that such ''polymorphism'' seen in Taiwan natives may be due to the racial mixture among the natives, the former occupants of Taiwan, and Chinese, Hoklo and Hakka, migrated from the south of China mainland in modern age to Taiwan. The tribes belonging Group 2 and sub-group B of Group 4 classified above were showed morphological affinities in their physical characters among those of the Pepo tribes (sinicized people in Taiwan) in the author's advanced study (not yet published).
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