Juntendo Medical Journal
Online ISSN : 2188-2134
Print ISSN : 0022-6769
ISSN-L : 0022-6769
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Volume 37, Issue 4
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
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Contents
  • The estimation of individual demand for various distance training from the viewpoint of blood and biochemical analysis
    -with reference to muscle tissue damage and lipid peroxidation-
    IKUO TAKAOKA
    1992 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 613-625
    Published: March 20, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.37.613
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effects of daily training on muscle tissue damage, intravasucular hemolysis and lipid peroxidation were determined in 8 long distance runners. The training consisted of 1) continuous running covering 15km on the road, 2) three sets of 5,000m-interval running followed by 6-minute jogging, and 3) cross-country running covering 14km on the undulating golf course. The duration of each training session was approximately 60 minutes. Blood samples were drawn from the long distance runners at rest early in the morning, several minutes after each training and the next morning. Serum HPG concentrations were significantly lower than the control values (76.3±59.2mg/dl) after the post-continuous and interval running (65.5±53.5 and 53.0±47.3mg/dl, respectively). All post training values of serum MDA concentrations were significantly increased from the resting-time values. Significant increases were noted in post-training CK and CK-MB activities except after continuous running. Serum MDA and CK activities were significantly correlated with the relative intensity of training. In addition, the variables of individual changes were significantly correlated with each other. Taking into account the slower time course of CK activity, the serum MDA concentration was considered to be useful as an objective indicator for evaluating the individual demand for training.
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  • Hyperlipidemia in childhood : Its relation to atherosclerosis
    OSAMU ARISAKA, AKIRA MORISHIMA, YASUSHI FUKUWATARI, SYOICHI SHIOBARA, ...
    1992 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 626-633
    Published: March 20, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.37.626
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Primary lesions of atherosclerosis, which will ultimately cause coronary heart disease or stroke in adults, are already present in children in their teens. Hyperlipidemia is well known to be a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Recently, studies in Europe and America have found that serum lipids levels can be traced from childhood through to adulthood. Based on a study we have conducted in Japan, it appears that several percent of school-aged children (aged 6 to 14 years) have abnormalities of serum lipids such as increased levels of serum total cholesterol or decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Based on these results from several studies, it has been proposed that attempts should be made to prevent atherosclerosis by improving hyperlipidemia in infancy and childhood. In order to achieve this, the importance of health education from early childhood, especially with regard to favourable dietary habits to prevent hyperlipidemia or obesity, has been emphasized. Also, the necessity of mass-screening for detection of hypercholesterolemia has been investigated, and such screening has actually started on a regional basis. In the present paper, we discuss the problems of childhood hyperlipidemia as a risk facter for atherosclerosis, and also means for preventing adult diseases which are caused by atherosclerosis from childhood.
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  • A case of transcortical motor aphasia caused by a frontal subcortical lesion
    TAKAFUMI IESAKI, YASUYUKI OKUMA, TAKASHI ITO, SHIN-ICHIRO IKEBE, YOSHI ...
    1992 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 634-637
    Published: March 20, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.37.634
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A patient manifesting transcortical motor aphasia (TCMA) caused by a left frontal subcortical infarction is reported. A low density area was visualized by CT scanning in the white matter anterolateral to the left anterior horn of the lateral ventricle. This site contained fibers between the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the frontal perisylvian speech zone (Broca's area). Freedman et al. demonstrated that the involvement of these fibers was essential for patients with TCMA, and concluded that disconnection between the SMA and Broca's area was causing the TCMA. Recently, some studies for aphasic patients with subcortical lesions showed that cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the cortex is also decreased. These findings suggest that dysfunction of the cortex as well as the subcortical region is responsible for “subcortical aphasia”. In the present case, on the contrary, CBF in the frontal cortex was not so decreased. Therefore, primary dysfunction of the frontal cortex was thought to be negligible and disconnection seemed to be the cause of the TCMA. Our case suggests that a certain subcortical lesion causes aphasic symptoms.
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  • A study on the evaluation in the medical school
    YOSHINORI HIRAI, NORIYUKI KUWABARA, HIDEYO OKITA, AKIRA TAKEUCHI
    1992 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 638-648
    Published: March 20, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.37.638
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This study was designed to reveal the problems on the evaluations made in the medical school in Japan, including student testings, evaluation of teaching effectiveness in pregraduate education, evaluation of graduate trainees in the hospital and peer review of faculty members. And a new policy and procedures for making evaluations in the medical school are proposed. 1) Testing in the pregraduate students should not be generous in marking, because they may fail in the national examination for becoming a medical doctor immediately after the graduation. 2) The teaching evaluation is very effective not only for the feed-back of teaching but also for peer review of teachers. 3) An evaluation form for graduate trainee in the hospital was newly devised. 4) A policy and procedures for evaluating faculty members were proposed, and an evaluation form for clinical faculty members was newly devised.
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  • Influence of nerve growth factor on the fetal basal forebrain tissues transplanted into the brain of adult rats.
    KOU ETO
    1992 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 649-657
    Published: March 20, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.37.649
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) on developing central cholinergic neurons were examined by transplantation of rat fetal basal forebrain tissues into the lateral ventricle of adult rats. All host animals implanted with a cannula were infused with NGF (20μg or 100μg/ml) or control solutions intraventricularly for two weeks. Two weeks later, the brains were fixed and processed for AChE-histochemistry or Nissal staining to observe the development of the cholinergic neurons in the grafts and the cholinergic neurons in the ventral globus pallidus (VP) of the host brain. The average cross-sectional size (x10 -4mm2) of AChE-positive cells in the grafts in the animals infused with NGF-20μg/ml was significantly larger than that in the controls, but that in the animals infused with NGF-100μg/ml was smaller the size. However, the size of the AChE-positive cells in the VP of host brains did not differ significantly in any of the groups. These findings suggest that there is an optimal NGF concentraion for enhancing the central cholinergic neurons in the fetal basal forebrain graft tissues. In addition, the rats infused intraventricularly with NGF showed a significant reduction in body weight gain compared to the control groups.
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