Juntendo Medical Journal
Online ISSN : 2188-2134
Print ISSN : 0022-6769
ISSN-L : 0022-6769
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Volume 44, Issue 1
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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Contents
  • The nature and type of disturbances in daily activities associated with menopausal symptoms, and the major influential factors
    YOUKO KOUNO, YUKIKO MIYAKOSHI, MEGUMI MATSUOKA, KIMIKO KAYASHIMA, TAKE ...
    1998 Volume 44 Issue 1 Pages 34-46
    Published: June 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.44.34
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    To define the nature of disturbance in daily life associated with menopausal symptoms, and to determine guidelines for aiding patients in alleviating these disturbances, the nature, specific types and the major influential factors causing disturbance of daily activities were investigated in this initial report. One-hundred and twenty-nine menopausal women evaluated as outpatients were examined in the present study. These women were experiencing menopausal symptoms but did not have other underlying disorders. As a preliminary screening, semi-structured interviews designed to identify any disturbance in daily life were conducted with the menopausal patients who visited our clinic. A questionnaire based on these results was then prepared to further our investigation. The patients filled out the questionnaires unaided. The details of this survey provided information on age, occupation and disturbances experienced, in daily life and menopausal symptomatology. The results of our study clarified the following points. 1. Patients with mild menopausal symptoms experienced only mild disturbance in daily activities; as the degree of severity of symptoms increased, the severity of the interference with daily activities also increased. 2. There were three major types of reported disturbance in daily activities. These included difficulty with activities away from home, a sense of burden in performing housekeeping activities, and a decreased ability to handle work and household chores. 3. The major factors that rendered activities away from home difficult included “being tired easily”, “insomnia”, “sweating”, “headaches, dizziness, etc.” and “augmented family”. 4. The major factors that rendered housekeeping activities a burden included “feelings of depression”, “sweating” and “being tired easily”. 5. The major factors that contributed to a decreased ability to handle work and household chores included “being tired easily”, “feelings of depression”, “sweating”, “extended family” and “being self employed”. The results of the present study suggest that in order to help patients alleviate disturbance of daily activities associated with menopausal symptoms, we must provide patient guidance on how to enjoy moderate exercise and the outdoors, as well as how to perform housekeeping in vigorous and short stretches. Guidelines explaining how the family should support menopausal members, and how to effectively manage both work and family obligations are important.
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  • The functions and roles of the psychiatry without a ward in emergency patient service of general hospital
    -clinical study of the patients who took emergency services in Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital-
    MASAHIRO TSUJI, Kou ETO, ICHIRO TAKAGI, YOSUKE ICHIMIYA
    1998 Volume 44 Issue 1 Pages 47-53
    Published: June 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.44.47
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Objective: We investigated the functions and roles of no-ward-psychiatry in a general hospital. Materials: We studied of 10,369 patients who required emergency services at Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital in the 1996 year. Methods: We extracted 185 psychiatric disease-related patients from all the patients who required emergency services, and reviewed the clinical statistics. Results: At our hospital, the rate of psychiatric disease-related patients equalled the rate in general hospital with psychiatric wards. The emergency services were the first treatment for many of these patients, so it was demonstrated that our hospital carried out the important role of a key hospital in the Urayasu area. In the classification of psychiatric disease-related patients, neurotic disorder was most frequent. Regarding the initial examination, doctors from other departments were more frequently involved than psychiatrists, so the emergency psychiatric service at our hospital owed much to other departments. It was clarified that we must consolidate the psychiatric network in this area and educate our hospital staffs on a regarding psychiatry. Conclusions: It is estimated that the demand for emergency psychiatric services in general hospitals without a psychiatric ward will increase. The problems at our hospital in providing emergency psychiatric services were reviewed.
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  • Effects of glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) on progression in patients with diabetic nephropathy
    KEIKO SEKIZUKA
    1998 Volume 44 Issue 1 Pages 54-62
    Published: June 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.44.54
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Expression of glomerular extracellular matrix components (ECM) was examined in patients with diabetic nephropathy by immunofluorescence.Type VI collagen, laminin and fibronectin were observed in the glomerular capillary walls, mesangial areas, and tubular basement membranes in both the microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric stages.The renal histological changes in the microalbuminuric stage were similar to those in the macroalbuminuric stage. It appears that over-production and accumulation of ECM components might induce glomerular injuries even in the early (microalbuminuric) stage of diabetic nephropathy.
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  • Prevention of apoptosis in the developing mouse hypogastric ganglion by androgen given prenatally
    HIROYUKI SUMIDA
    1998 Volume 44 Issue 1 Pages 63-70
    Published: June 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.44.63
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Objective : Prenatal exposure of female mice fetuses to androgen prevents neuronal death in the mouse hypogastric ganglion (HG). In this study, in order to elucidate the mechanism of this neuronal death, specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation was performed by the TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method. Materials and Methods : Male and female ICR mice were mated overnight. Successful mating was confirmed in the morning by vaginal plug, and the day when such evidence was found was designated as day 0 of gestation. Pregnant mice were injected with 8mg testosterone propionate (TP) at day 14 of gestation (=E14) or days 14 and 16, and sacrificed at day 17, 19 or 21. The sections were performed by the TUNEL method or stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results : In the animals sacrificed at E17 and E19, the incidence of TUNEL-positive cells in the control female HGs was significantly higher than those in the male and TP-treated female HGs. In the animal sacrificed at E21, the incidence of TUNEL-positive cells was almost the same among the three groups, these values being lower than those in the E17 and E19 fetuses. Conclusions : These results suggest that androgen given prenatally prevents apoptosis in the developing mouse HG. It is likely therefore that androgen secreted from fetal testes inhibits apoptotic cell death selectively in the male fetal mouse HGs.
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  • Function and apoptosis-sensitivity of human umbilical cord blood B cells
    MANABU YOSHIDA, YUKO MIURA, YOSHINORI KUWABARA, SACHIKO HIROSE
    1998 Volume 44 Issue 1 Pages 71-81
    Published: June 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.44.71
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Umbilical cord blood B cells are mostly composed of B1 cells expressing low levels of CD5 molecules. B1 cells mainly produce low affinity natural IgM antibodies that are polyreactive to a variety of antigens including pathogens and self-antigens, and participate in providing the primary defense mechanism to infection in neonates. To characterize the B1 cells responsible for natural antibody production, we examined cell surface phenotypes and their responsiveness to Fas-mediated apoptosis on stimulation with agonistic anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies. We obtained evidence that (1) majorities of unstimulated cord blood B1 cells expressed naive, but neither memory nor activated, B cell phenotypes; (2) CD40 expression levels on cord blood B1 cells were comparable to those of adult peripheral blood B cells, and Fas expression was up-regulated in both sources of B cells when stimulated with agonistic anti-CD40 antibodies. Of note was the fact that patterns of Fas expression differed between cord blood and adult peripheral blood B cells. While the latter uniformly expressed a high level of Fas, the former was divided into two; one with high and one with low expression; (3) while all B1 cells with high levels of Fas expression were highly sensitive to Fas-mediated apoptosis, Faslow B1 cells were virtually apoptosis-resistant, and (4) such Faslow B1 cells from cord blood was almost totally responsible for in vitro IgM natural antibody production. It is suggested that the Faslow apoptosis-resistant subpopulation of B1 cells has already been activated to produce natural polyreactive antibodies through exposure to cross-reactive autoantigens in the perinatal period.
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