Juntendo Medical Journal
Online ISSN : 2188-2134
Print ISSN : 0022-6769
ISSN-L : 0022-6769
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Volume 36, Issue 1
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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Contents
  • Age-related alterations in the rat ventral globus pallidus cholinergic neurons
    SHIN SAITO
    1990 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 57-64
    Published: April 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.36.57
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Severe loss of cholinergic neurons occurs in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (corresponding to the ventral globus pallidus (VP) in the rat brain) in the patients with Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD). Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunohistochemistry was performed in both adult (2 month-old) and aged (25 month-old) rat brains. ChAT positive neurons were observed in the VP neurons of both rat groups. However, compared with the adult group, the size, the number of dendrites, the dendritic intersection and the length of dendrites of ChAT positive neurons were significantly reduced in the aged group. These findings suggest that the rat VP cholinergic neurons are also affected by aging.
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  • Diagnostic study of superficial spreading type of early carcinoma of the stomach
    TETSURO ITO, HISASHI KUBOTA, TSUTOMU HAMADA
    1990 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 65-72
    Published: April 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.36.65
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Seventy eight cases of superficial spreading type of early carcinomas of the stomach (SSC) resected at Juntendo Hospital between 1968 and 1987, were investigated clinicopathologically. The conculusions are as follows; SSC were 10.2% of all early gastric cancers, and they were predominantly located in the M area and those of lesser curvature. Among the cases of depressed SSC, 60.7 % were undifferentiated adenocarcinomas, and of the polypoid SSC, 77.3% were differentiated adenocarcinomas. Among the cancers, 62.5% had invaded to the submucosa, and the frequency increased with the size of the cancer. However, with the polypoid type, the frequency was not related to size. In 75.9% of mucosal cancers, the depth of invasion was correctly diagnosed by X-ray examination, and in only 51.0% of the submucosal concers. Those parts with invasion to the submucosa with an ulcer had a diameter greater than 1.1cm, and were recognized by the presence of rough nodules or plateau like elevations. These parts with no ulcer were rarely diagnosed. The surface of the depressed areas mostly had a rough granular pattern which was unrelated to their histological types. However, in the undifferentiated SSC, the flat and nodular patterns were predominant. For both resected specimens and X-ray examination, the diagnostic accuracy on the margin of the SSC was worse in the oral side than the anal side and worse in the differentiated type than the undifferentiated type. Among the polypoid SSC, diagnostic accuracy to the margin on the mixed type was remarkably poor because the cancer had spread to the oral side beyond the polypoid lesions.
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  • Radiological study of non-neoplastic large bowel disease
    SATOSHI YAMADA
    1990 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 73-79
    Published: April 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.36.73
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    One hundred and fifty seven cases of non-neoplastic large bowel disease experienced in our department between October, 1977 and December, 1986 were investigated and analyzed for the purpose of improvement of radiological diagnosis. They consisted of 77 cases of ulcerative colitis, 18 ischemic colitis, 18 drug-induced colitis, 14 Crohn's disease, 14 simple ulcer (including intestinal Behcet disease), 3 tuberculosis, 3 amebiasis, 3 amyloidosis, 3 perityphilitis and 4 indefinite cases. On the initial examination of Barium-enema 111 cases (70.7%) were correctly diagnosed, and on the following colonoscopy, 139 cases (88.5%) were. Follow-up study of barium-enema and radiological examination of the small intestine, culture of feces, and surgical resection increased the number of correct diagnosis. Finally 4 cases (2.5%) remained indefinite. By analyzing the X ray findings of these 157 cases, the lesions were classified into four groups (continuously diffuse, segmentally diffuse, extensively dotted and intensively dotted) and into two subgroups (linear ulcers and apparently polypoid lesions). Linear ulcers were divided into longitudinal and girdle ulcer, and apparently polypoid lesions into rectal type and cecal type. By such a classification, every disease showed particular findings. The radiological diagnostic rate of non-neoplastic large bowel disease was improved up to 85.4%.
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  • The long-term inhalation studies of exhaust from the diesel engine
    --Histopathological study of the pulmonary lesions--
    YUKI TAKAKI
    1990 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 80-94
    Published: April 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.36.80
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    To investigate the carcinogenesis of diesel emissions, long-term inhalation studies were carried out on Fischer-344 rats (SPF) using heavy duty (HD-series; 11 liter) and light duty (LD-series; 1.8 liter) diesel engine exhausts. In addition, an experiment for observing the influence of particles was carried out using particle free heavy duty engine exhaust. The pulmonary lesions were observed microscopically and morphometrically. To quantify the anthracosis and pulmonary epithelial proliferations, these regions were measured by digital image analyzing system (ZEISS, IBAS-2000). Various degrees of carbon phagocytized by macrophages or deposition in the lungs were observed in the LD and HD series and this phenomenon increased with the elevation of the particle concentration in each series. The anthracosis had a statistically significant difference among each experimental group in both series. Degree of hyperplasia of the type II alveolar cells and of bronchiolar epithelium depended on the particle concentration. There was a statistically significant difference in the hyperplasia among each experimental group in both series, except between the groups of 1.0mg/m3 and 1.8mg/m3 in the HD-series, and the groups of 0.1mg/m3 and 0.4mg/m3 in LD-series. In the particle influence test, there was no difference in the histological changes of the lung from those of the control group. Therefore, a relationship between the anthracosis and hyperplasia was suggested. In the present study, the incidence of the primary lung tumors, including adenoma and carcinoma was less than that previously reported and the dose-responsibility was not noted in the LD series, although in the 3.7mg/m3 group in the HD series, carcinogenesis was recognized.
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  • Immunosuppressive effects of anti-Ia antibody on rabbit corneal allografts
    TOSHIYUKI TAKANO, ATSUSHI KANAI, SHUICHIRO MINAMI, KO OKUMURA, HIDEKI ...
    1990 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 96-105
    Published: April 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.36.96
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Allograft rejection will occur when the host tissue recognizes incompatible Class II antigen of the donor. We attempted to prove the existence of Ia antigen in rabbit cornea by immuno-histochemical methods. We also studied the immuno-suppressive effects of anti-Ia monoclonal antibody (HAK-75) on the corneal allografts using two methods, the first by removing the donor corneal epithelium just before the corneal allograft and being given eye drops of HAK-75 after the corneal allograft (group 1) and the second by pretreatment of the donor eyes with eye drops of HAK-75 for one week before the corneal allograft (group 2). The corneal epithelium showed a positive reaction with anti-Ia monoclonal antibody examined by the methods of indirect immunofluorescene and immunoperoxidase, but the corneal stroma and endothelium showed a negative reaction. Examination of indirect immunoperoxidase method using anti-Ia monoclonal antibody on the corneal epithelium revealed that Ia antigen was not detected in the corneal epithelium one week after continuation of the eye drops, but the corneal epithelium showed a positive reaction with anti-Ia monoclonal antibody 10 days after stopping the eye drops of HAK-75. However, a positive reaction with anti-Ia monoclonal antibody was observed in the regrowth of corneal epithelium 10 days after corneal allograft. Rejection of the corneal allograft was delayed in both experimental groups. These results suggest that the corneal epithelium contains Ia antigen which causes the rejection of corneal allografts. Pretreatment with eye drops containing anti-Ia monoclonal antibody seemed to suppress the rejection of corneal allografts.
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