Juntendo Medical Journal
Online ISSN : 2188-2134
Print ISSN : 0022-6769
ISSN-L : 0022-6769
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Volume 26, Issue 1
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Contents
  • Effect of Drugs on Cultured Liver Cells
    MASANORI IWADARE
    1980 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 29-42
    Published: March 10, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.26.29
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The short term effects of several antibiotics on cultured rat and human liver cells were examined. The effects on cell growth and morphrogical changes were different among these drugs. Antibiotics caused a dose dependent changes ofβ-glucronidase and lactate dehydrogenase activity. On the observation of chromosomes, the chromatid aberration increased at high dose level with each drugs. In general, after 24 hrs of recovery time, diploid cells dereased and tetraploid cells increased.
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  • A Study on Measurement of Airway Resistance by Newly Devised Constant Pressure Type Body Plethysmograph and its Clinical Application
    Part 1. A Newly Device to Improve the Usability of the Constant Pressure Type Body Plethysmograph and Normal Values of Ariway Resistance in Healthy Non-smokers
    MAKOTO WASHIZAKI
    1980 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 43-51
    Published: March 10, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.26.43
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The purpose of this paper is to report on a more stable and accessible constant pressure type body plethysmograph than the usual one and normal values of airway resistance in healthy adults measured by this apparatus. Though the body plethysmograph is essentially a very useful apparatus for measuring airway resistance or thorocic gas volume, several difficalties including complicated handling, expensiveness, disadvantage of the phase lag and the limited frequency responce have prevented its wide use. In view of this fact, a newly devised constant pressure type body plethysmograph was constructed and tested. A rigid-walled, airtight box (550 litters) was open to the atmospheric air through a pneumotachograph. Volume changes in the box were recorded as flow changes from the box by the pneumotachograph, and then flow changes integrated to volume changes of the box. Feeding the pressure signals into mixing circuit, the volume changes of the box were compensated. Volume changes in the box-pneumotochograph system with volume calibrator were tested. Fluctuation of amplitude ratio of volume-in to volume-out was within 5% in the range from 2.5Hz to 3.5Hz, and no phase distortion was observed in the range from 0.5Hz to 4. 5Hz. Airway resistance ware measured by this apparatus in twenty healthy nonsmokers. Eight males of age 21 to 36 had mean value of 1.40 ± 0.32 cm/H2O/L/sec and tweleve females of age 20 to 33 had mean value of 1.87 ± 0.37cmH2O/L/sec, which was significantly higher than that in males (p< 0.025).
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  • A Study on Measurement of Airway Resistance by Newly Deviced Constant Pressure Type Body Plethysmograph and its Clinical Application
    Part 2 Evaluation of Effect of Cigarette Smoke on Airway Resistance
    MAKOTO WASHIZAKI
    1980 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 52-62
    Published: March 10, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.26.52
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effect of cigarette smoke on airway resistance was studied in normal adults. The results were as follows : 1. To investigate chronic effect of smoking, airway resistance (Raw) and specific airway conductance (SGaw) were measured in 52 volunteer subjects. There was no differece in Raw or SGaw between non-smokers and moderate smokers. 2. To investigate immediate effect of cigarette smoke on large airways, Raw and SGaw were measured in 26 healthy adults three times, before smoking, 5 and 30 minutes after smoking one cigarette. A significant increase in Raw and a fall in SGaw were confirmed 5 minutes after smoking of one unfiltered cigarette, whereas a filtered cigarette caused no signficant changes in Raw aed SGaw. 3. To evaluate the role of Q-adrenergic input to the bronchial smooth muscles on large airway obstruction caused by cigarette smoke, 5 healthy smokers received propranolol (30mg per os) in advance and 90 minutes later Raw and SGaw were measured before and after smoking of one unfiltered cigarette. Same procedures were repeated using placebo (per os). Smoking after the administration of the drug caused a more pronounced drop in SGaw tnan in pracebo group. 4. Raw and SGaw were measured in 10 patients with bronchial asthma before and after smoking herbal cigarette (made in China). It was confirmed that the herbal cigarette smoking significantly retarded the increase in airway resistance.
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  • Development of Pancreas in Childhood
    AKIHIKO HOSHINO, KOUICHI SUDA, KEISUKE HASHIMOTO
    1980 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 63-68
    Published: March 10, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.26.63
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Development of pandreas was studied from standpoint of its increase in weight and of histometory of its histological elements on 38 pancreases from non-selected autopsy cases, from prenatal to adolescent age. Mean weight of pancreases examined was 2 gm at birth. Thereafter pancreas weight increased ten times (mean weight : 22.8 gm) during preschool period, and reached to thirty times (mean weight : 58.4gm) until the adolescent. Several elements-acini, islets, ducts, vessels, and connective tissues were measured by a point count method. The volume ratio of acinar tissue in the pancreas, which bear the most important functional activity increased from 65.8% in prenatal (7mo. - 10mo.) and newborn period to 80% in infancy. The volume ratio of connective tissue in the pancreas was 21.8% in prenatal and newborn period, and decreased to 5% in infancy. The weight gain of pancreas in the childhood was due to increase of acinar tissue.
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  • Studies on the Transport Mechanism of the Human
    Placenta with Special Reference to Interrelationship between Adenylate Cyclase, cyclic AMP as well as Ca-ATPase of the Chorionic Tissues and Clinical Findings.
    AKINORI SEIDA
    1980 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 69-78
    Published: March 10, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.26.69
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The activities of Ca-ATPase, Na· K-ATPase and adenylate cyclase, and the concentration of cyclic AMP in the human placental chorionic tissue obtained in each gestational trimester were determined in relation to the transport mechanism of the placenta. The findings obtained in this study were as follows : 1. The activities of Ca-ATPase (μ moles Pi/mg Protein/30 minutes) were 21.4±2.4, 31.4±6.4 and 25.8±4.4 in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester respectively. 2. The activities of Na· K-ATPase (μ moles Pi/mg protein/30 minutes) were 0.95±0.10, 1.86±0.40 and 1.58±0.44 in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester respectively. 3.The activities of Ca-ATPase and Na· K-ATPase in cases of LED infants were 27.9±1.9 and 1.50±0.35 respectively, and those in cases of SED infants were 21.2±1.8 and 1.68±0.34 μ moles Pi/mg protein/30minutes respectively. 4. The activities of adenylate cyclase (p moles of cyclic AMP formed/mg Protein/15 minutes) were 59.9±19.7,100.9±19.9 and 115.2±27.8 in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester respectively. 5. The concentrationof cyclic AMP (p moles/mg protein) in the human placental chorion tissue were 21.3±8.0, 12.8±2.8 and 15.2±5.6 in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester respectively. 6. The activities of adenylate cyclase (p moles of cyclic AMP formed/mg Protein/15 minutes) in cases of LFD and SFD infants were 149.7±13.8 and 95.0±11.4 respectively. The concentration of cyclic AMP (p moles/mg Protein) in both infants were 19.2±2.4 (LFD) and 9.9±1.6 (SFD) respectively. From the above results, the followings were concluded. Those placental enzymes which has been considered to be characteristic indicators of the placental functions showed a tendency of increasing in the activities after the secong trimester of pregnancy, and from the clinical points of view, the changes of the enzyme acivities were roughly parallel to the grade of the fetal growth. These enzymes, therefore, may play an important role in the placental metabolism, especially in the transport mechanism of the substances across the placenta.
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