Juntendo Medical Journal
Online ISSN : 2188-2134
Print ISSN : 0022-6769
ISSN-L : 0022-6769
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Volume 47, Issue 2
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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Contents
  • English Education in Japan
    TAKASHI YAMAUCHI
    2001 Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 148-155
    Published: October 19, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.47.148
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The purpose of this study was to investigate how far and why the English proficiency of Japanese people is behind those of both their Asian neighbors and European people. This study was conducted by comparing Toefl Total and Section Score Means-Nonnative English-speaking Examinees Classified by Geographic Region and Native Country issued by the Council on International Educational Exchange in addition to analyzing reports on current English education in Asian countries and some comparative studies on English education in Japan, China, and Korea. Analysis showed that most Asian countries have been paying increasing attention to English education on a national level as well as at a private level, while in Japan the English program is being cut back in secondary and higher education. This difference may be one of the most important factors in causing the Japanese Toefl examinees to remain near the bottom of the Toefl score ranking. In future if we want to catch up with other nations in English education as we are supposed to do, we should place special emphasis on the practical use of English language.
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  • A short history of Juntendo
    SHIZU SAKAI
    2001 Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 156-160
    Published: October 19, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.47.156
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • From Cleveland to Tokyo
    --a journey of a heart surgeon with coronary surgery--
    YASUYUKI HOSUDA
    2001 Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 161-171
    Published: October 19, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.47.161
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    [in Japanese]
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  • The 33 years of orthopedic surgery in Izu-Nagaoka Hospital
    YUKIO INOUE
    2001 Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 172-178
    Published: October 19, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.47.172
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Surgical Outcome of Giant Emphysematous Bullae Based on Long-Term Follow-up Changes in Respiratory Function
    MINORU TAHARA, SADAHIKO MASUDA
    2001 Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 209-220
    Published: October 19, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.47.209
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term outcome of surgery and operative indication for giant emphysematous bullae based on early and long term changes in respiratory function after surgical treatment. Materials : Forty-one patients (42 interventions) with resection of giant emphysematous bullae occupying 50 % or more of hemithorax were included in this study. Thirty-nine patients were males and 2 females. Age at the time of operation ranged from 25 to 75 years, with a Meanage of 48.2 ± 10.3 years. Methods : Surgical approaches were median sternotomy in 26 patients, posterolateral thoracotomy in 14, axillay thoracotomy in 1 and thoracoscopy in 1. Procedures were bullectomy or plication of bullae and there was no lobectomy. Check indices of respiratory function at pre and postoperative were vital capacity (VC), %VC, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1 %, % FEV1, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), V50, V25, residual volume (RV), residual volume rate (residual volume/total lung capacity : RV/TLC), PaO2 and PaCO2, and the ratios of postoperative value to pre operative value were calculated. Respiratory function was investigated before and 1st month, 3rd month, 6th month, 1st year to 5th year postoperatively. Measurement and Results : Patients were divided into four groups according to their preoperative FEV1 values. Group 1 (FEV1≤1000ml) consisted of 7 cases. Group 2 (1000ml<FEV1≤2000ml) consisted of 11 cases, Group3 (2000ml<FEV1≤3000ml) consisted of 15 cases and Group 4 (3000ml<FEV1) consisted of 9 cases. Postoperative FEV1 was significantly increased (0.70±0.201→1.21±0.31 : P<0.001) immediately after operation in Groups I and II (1.72±0.31→2.07±0.41 : P<0.05). There was no significant change of FEV1 in Group III and IV. Significant improvements of FEV1 %, V50 and V25 as indices for obstructive ventilatory impairment were observed in all 4 groups. Respiratory functional improvements were maintained for 5 years after operation, whereas FEV1, FEV1 %, V50 and V25 of Group I gradually decreased during the long term follow up after operation. VC of Group III and IV decreased in the early postoperative period and returned to preoperative values in 6 months to 1 year. Two patients out of seven patients in Group I died of chronic respiratory distress at 70 and 118 months after operation. Conclusions : Respiratory functional improvements after surgical treatment for giant emphysematous bullae were significaut in the patients with FEV1 under 2000ml, and they maintained clinical and physiologic improvements for 5 years after surgery. However, there was no significant improvement in the patients with FEV1 over 2000m1 without complications, which suggests that surgery should not be indicated for such patieuts.
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  • Studies on viral infection in Keshan disease patients in Heilongjiang Province
    YUNBAO LIU, WEIXING ZHANG, LINGWANG ZHOU
    2001 Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 221-228
    Published: October 19, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.47.221
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of viral infections in Keshan disease by detecting hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), the specific antibodies against coxsackie virus (CVB-IgG, CVB-IgM) and hepatitis virus C (HCV-IgM) in the serums of patients with chronic type and potential type Keshan disease in an endemic area of Keshan disease in Heilongjiang Province. Participants : The subjects were 34 patients with Keshan disease under the age of 45years (15males and 19 females with an age rauge of 34.7±6.4 years (mean±SD) and 32 healthy controls (12 males and 20 females) with a similar age range (39.2±4.5 years) in an endemic area of Keshan disease. Methods : Virus antibodies were detected by ELSIA method. Statistical analysis was performed by chi-square test and 95% confidence intervals. Measurement and Results : The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the positive specific IgG and IgM antibodies against coxsackie virus (CVB-IgG and CVB-IgM) in serums were 1.29 (O.126-8.107) and 5.40 (0.943-40.12), respectively. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and the antibody against hepatitis virus C (HCV-IgM) were 0.94 (0.135-6.416) and 9.54 (1.07-∞), respectively. Only the odds ratio of HCV-IgM did not contain 1.0. Conclusions : Since the positive rates of the specific antibody against coxsackie virus (CVB-IgM) and the antibody against virus of hepatitis C (HCV-IgM) were higher in the patients, we speculated that the cause of Keshan disease is related to viral infection.
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  • Relationship between reflux esophagitis and asthma in the elderly
    KOH MORICHIKA, TAKAYUKI HASHIMOTO, MASAKO KUSANO
    2001 Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 229-235
    Published: October 19, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.47.229
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Objective : A gastroesophageal reflux of medium (Ba) was useful in diagnosing reflux esophagitis (RE) radiologically. This study was to investigate the prevelence of RE in elderly asthmatics and to elucidate the relationship between FEV1, BMI, CTR and pyloric function. Participants : Thirty-two subjects were investigated, of those, twenty three elderly subjects were studied. Methods : Asthmatics were diagnosed according to the NHLI/WHO (1995) and RE was evaluated by the Los Angeles classification on endoscopy. FEV1 was measured by spirometry, BMI was calculated as kg/m2, CTR was calculated on chest X-ray examination and pyloric insufficency was observed by endoscopy. Results : The prevalence of RE was 82.9 % on Ba gastroesophageal reflux, of those, 82.6 % showed pulmonary insufficiency, and 100 % showed obesity, abnormal CTR and pyloric insufficiency. Conclusions : The prevalence of RE in elderly asthmatics is strikingly high. The mechanisms affecting the pathogenesis of RE in elderly asthmatics are complicated because many factors including pulmonary insufficiency obesity, abnormal CTR and pyloric insufficency. Factors damaging the esophagus appear to be gastric content. In addition, the presence of duodenal juice in the stomach under pyloric insufficiency has an important influence on RE. The most effective therapy in elderly asthmatics is to improved the life style including antireflux measures to manage these factors.
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