体力科学
Online ISSN : 1881-4751
Print ISSN : 0039-906X
ISSN-L : 0039-906X
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56 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の90件中51～90を表示しています
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原著
  • 水球選手における競技中の視力矯正方法に関する研究
    コンタクトレンズ使用からみた年代別比較
    小森 康加, 榎本 至, 前田 明, 河野 一郎
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 105-114
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.105
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of contact lens use in the pool for water polo players. A total of 627 male subjects were studied : junior high school players (n=190), high school players (n=188), college players (n=121) and water polo club players (n=128).Results were summarized as follows : 1) The percentage of players using vision correction devices in daily life was 43.38%, and use of contact lenses during water polo play was 30.14% for all subjects. 2) Junior high school players using contact lenses during water polo play showed a significantly lower rate compared with other players (X2=34.38, p<.01). 3) There were a lot of users of disposable type contact lenses during water polo play. 4) Players using contact lenses during water polo play had significantly higher corneal and conjunctival damage than subjects using vision correction devices in daily life and subjects without vision correction devices (X2=13.64, p<.01).We concluded that it was a problem for junior high school players with low vision acuity during water polo play.
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  • フラットウォータカヤック競技のパフォーマンスとエネルギー供給能力の関係
    中垣 浩平, 吉岡 利貢, 鍋倉 賢治
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 115-124
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.115
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between 2-min kayak ergometer performance (KEP) and energy supply capacity. Seventeen (male : 9, female : 8) kayak paddlers completed a maximal incremental test to determine aerobic capacity{maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and lactate threshold (LT)}, and a 2-min all-out test to measure performance and anaerobic capacity{maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD)}. In addition, total energy supply capacity was estimated by these variables [{(T-score of VO2max+T-score of LT)/2+T-score of MAOD}/2]. Oxygen uptake and blood lactate concentrations were continuously measured during the incremental test and at the completion of both tests. These tests were conducted on an air-braked kayak ergometer. Unlike the previous research, no significant relationships were found between KEP and VO2max and LT in either male or female. MAOD correlated with KEP in female (r=0.75, p<0.05), but not in male. On the other hand, there was a significant correlation between KEP and total energy supply capacity (r=0.89, p<0.05, both male and female). In conclusion, total energy supply capacity accounted for a large part of KEP. These results indicate that flat-water kayak paddlers need to develop both aerobic and anaerobic capacities.
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  • ジャンパー膝に対する運動後のアイシングの効果
    綾田 練, 白木 仁, 福田 崇, 竹村 雅裕, 向井 直樹, 宮川 俊平
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 125-130
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.125
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathologic changes of jumper's knee before and after jumping and effects of icing after jumping. Sixteen healthy college students and sixteen collegiate volleyball players with jumper's knee were divided into two groups by eight, without icing group and with icing group after jumping exercise. Without icing groups rested for 20 minutes, while with icing groups were treated with ice for 20 minutes after eighty times of jumping. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) and sectional area of patellar tendon with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the tenderness of patellar tendon with visual analog scale were measured before and after exercise, following with or without icing and 24 and 48 hours later from the treatment. In jumper's knee group, significant increase was found in the SNR, sectional area of patellar tendon, and tenderness of patellar tendon after exercise compared to before exercise. In addition, in jumper's knee with icing group, significant decrease was found in the SNR, sectional area of patellar tendon after icing and 24 and 48 hours after icing, and the tenderness of patellar tendon after icing compared to after exercise. These results suggested that icing was an effective treatment for jumper's knee after exercise.
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  • 異なる運動頻度の水中運動が要介護認定者の起居・移乗移動動作に及ぼす影響
    佐藤 大輔, 金田 晃一, 若林 斉, 野村 武男
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 141-148
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.141
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of water exercise, including functional mobility in water, performed either once or twice a week in elderly who require nursing care. Twenty-one subjects were assigned to two groups. Ten subjects trained once a week for 6 months. Eleven subjects trained twice a week for 6 months. Water exercise consisted of warming up on land and walking,ADL exercise,resistance training, stretching and relaxation in water. Functional mobility was evaluated by FIM during pre-exercise,after 3 months and 6 months. There were significant improvements in functional mobility after 6 months compared to pre-exercise in both groups. Functional mobility in the group who trained once a week did not improve at 3 months compared to pre-exercise. Although the group who trained twice a week showed a dramatic improvement in functional mobility after 3 months compared to pre-exercise, and no change after 3 months compared to after 6 months. These results indicate that water exercise once or twice a week for 6 months, including functional mobility in elderly who require nursing care, can improve functional mobility, especially, exercise twice a week could improve it within 3 months.
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  • EFFECTS OF COMBLNED EXERCLSE ON β-AMYLOLD AND DHEAs IN ELDERLY WOMEN
    YOOCHAN KWON, SANGKAB PARK, EUNHEE KIM, HYUNTAE PARK
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 149-156
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.149
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    The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in health related fitness, β-amyloid and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAs) concentration, in elderly women after 12 weeks of combined exercise. Subjects consisted of fourteen elderly women (control : 7, exercise : 7) whose ages were over 75 yrs and mini mental status examination (MMSE) scores were more than 24. The combined exercise program included stretching for 10 minutes, 30 minutes of low impact aerobic exercise at an intensity above 40∼59% of HRR during 1∼6 weeks and 60∼84% of HRR during 7∼12 weeks, and 20 minutes of resistance exercise composed of muscle strengthening and posture correction. The program was conducted 3 times a week for 12 weeks. We found that peakVO2 and peakVO2/weight significantly (P<.05) increased after combined exercise. Also β-amyloid significantly (P<.05) decreased and DHEAs concentration significantly (P<lated with a change in peakVO2 (r=−0.929, P=0.001) and positively correlated with a change in LDL-C (r=0.799, P=0.031) in the exercise group. The change in DHEAs positively correlated with a change in peakVO2 (r=0.705, P=0.017) in the exercise group. In conclusion, these results suggest that combined exercise in elderly women (mean age of 75-years) for 12 weeks would play a positive role in cardiopulmonary function, lipid metabolism and dementia risk factors such as β-amyloid and DHEAs.
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  • 行動科学に基づく個別通信教育型ウォーキングプログラムの効果
    秋山 由里, 古一 眞未, 宮地 正弘, 武田 典子, 酒井 健介, 岡 浩一朗, 中村 好男
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 157-166
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.157
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    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of individual feedback intervention (IFB) or general video intervention (GV) on promoting daily physical activity. One hundred and thirty-six community-dwelling people volunteered as subjects and participated in the 2-month walking program provided as a correspondence course. The subjects were randomly allocated to one of four groups, which consisted of either IFB or GV. Each of the groups was based on behavioral science. The stage of change in exercise, self-efficacy for exercise and daily physical activity were measured before and after intervention 4 months later during the follow-up period. There were statistically significant effects of both ‘time’ (F=3.71, p=0.026) and ‘time’בIFB’ (F=3.76, p=0.025) in self-efficacy for exercise; while there was no significant effect of interaction between ‘time’בGV’. As for daily physical activity, there was no significant effect of the interaction both of ‘time’בIFB’ and ‘time’בGV’. These results suggest the IFB of promoting self-efficacy for exercise.
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  • さまざまな傾斜の路面を走るときの下肢筋活動の差異
    平地，上り，下り，左右斜面について
    安 栽漢, 桜井 伸二, 金 興烈
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 167-178
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.167
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    The purpose of this study was to compare muscle activity of the lower limb during treadmill running under five different gradient conditions (level, left and right inclines, downward and upward). All inclines were of 14% grade and tilted toward the left, the right, downward and upward directions of the runner. Twelve young healthy males ran at 2.8 m/s. Electromyographic activities of the following seven muscles-gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius, and solues-were measured using bipolar surface electrodes during treadmill running under five different conditions. Results showed that left and right inclined surfaces had only little influence on muscular activity. However, for all of the muscles measured, the activity of the lower-positioned leg was greater than that of the higher-positioned leg. During the upward incline trial, all the muscles showed greater activity than for the other trials. The downward slope tended to give the anterior muscles greater activity, and the posterior muscles less activity, compared to level running.
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  • 健常中高齢者における運動トレーニングの血清高感度CRP濃度に対する効果
    鰺坂 隆一, 田辺 匠, 大槻 毅, 村上 晴香, 前田 清司, 田中 喜代次, 曽根 博仁, 久野 譜也
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 179-190
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.179
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    High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) is a novel risk factor for coronary artery disease. It is well known that body weight loss is effective in reducing serum CRP concentration ; however, the effect of exercise training on serum CRP concentration has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 24-week exercise training program on serum CRP concentration in 169 healthy middle-aged and elderly subjects (65.9±6.4 years). Each subject underwent baseline testing (peak oxygen uptake, daily physical activity, body weight, and serum CRP levels), and repeated these tests on completion of the training program. The subjects were classified into 2 groups based on initial CRP levels : normal<1.0 mg/L, n=139, and high≥1.0mg/L, n=30. On completion of the program, both daily physical activity and peak oxygen uptake increased significantly (+33.9±72.4%, p<0.0001, +5.4±14.7%, p=0.014, respectively). However, body weight did not change significantly. In addition, CRP levels of the entire group did not change significantly. However, CRP levels significantly decreased among the high baseline CRP group (from 1.82±0.81 mg/L to 0.98±0.59 mg/L, p<0.0001). It was concluded that serum CRP levels are reduced without body weight loss in response to exercise training in healthy middle-aged and elderly subjects with high initial CRP levels.
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  • ENTHESIS PAIN PREVENTION IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SOCCER PLAYERS
    FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HEIGHT GROWTH VELOCITY CURVE, TIGHTNESS, AND ALIGNMENT
    RIE NAKAZAWA, MASAAKI SAKAMOTO, YOICHI KUSAMA
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 191-202
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.191
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    The purpose of this study was to examine factors related to the occurrence of enthesis pain by long-term longitudinal investigation and measurement in junior high school soccer players, while intervening for its prevention. The subjects were 107 male junior high school soccer club members. The presence or absence of enthesis pain, the height growth velocity, muscle tightness, and alignment were longitudinally investigated, and stretching was instructed periodically. The time of enthesis pain occurrence was consistent with phase II of the height growth velocity curve in many cases. On comparison between before and after the appearance/disappearance of enthesis pain, no association was noted between the muscle tightness and occurrence of enthesis pain. But, on comparison of changes with time in muscle tightness, the tightness of the right quadriceps significantly increased, being useful for the prediction of enthesis pain. A significant increase in the Q-angle was also noted when enthesis pain appeared. Furthermore, the tightness of the bilateral iliopsoas, hamstrings, hip adductors, and gastrocnemius had significantly improved on the final measurement, showing that instruction in stretching was effective. This study showed the necessity of the long-term longitudinal evaluation of muscle tightness, suggesting that there is a possibility of intervention for prevention, as well as physical therapy for sporting injuries in the growth period.
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  • THE PSYCHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF “TAIJI SENSE” IN TAIJIQUAN EXERCISE
    LIXIN WANG, YUNFA LIU, KANICHI MIMURA, SHIGEO FUJIMOTO
    2007 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 131-140
    発行日: 2007/02/01
    公開日: 2007/05/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.56.131
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    The usage of “Taiji sense”(a kind of image) is required during Taijiquan (TJQ) exercise, but some practitioners virtually ignore it all the time while exercising. The significance for the usage of “Taiji sense” is still completely unknown. This study assessed the psycho-physiological effects of “Taiji sense” during 24-style TJQ exercise (24TJQ). 25 middle-elderly 24TJQ-experienced subjects were divided into Taiji-sensed group (TS), non-Taiji-sensed group (NTS) and ergometry exercise group (EE) by balancing their age and TJQ experience time. The division of TS and NTS was determined by a self-reported investigation, based on whether the practitioner usually use or do not use the image of “Taiji sense” while exercising TJQ. Electroencephalography and profile of mood states were examined and compared. After exercise, TS showed greater increase of α activity (P<0.05) and greater decrease of β activity (P<0.05) than EE, respectively. α hemispherical asymmetry score indicated by Fp1-Fp2 showed significant decrease change (P<0.05) in TS after exercise (Post2), and tended to be lower (P=0.056) than that of NTS. Even though all conditions significantly decreased Tension-Anxiety (T-A) scores (P<0.05, for all), only TS significantly increased Vigor (V) score (P<0.05). The change of α activity inversely correlated to the change of T-A score (r=−0.78, P<0.0001) in all conditions. Conclusively, the usage of “Taiji sense” might help to produce stronger psycho-physiological responses during 24TJQ practice, and give rise to effective relaxation after exercise, as classics pointed out.
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