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NOBORU OBI, HIROKO KAKIZAKI, MICHIYA KIMURA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
235-240
Published: February 25, 1973
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The Janovsky reaction of 1, 3, 5-trinitrobenzene with cyclohexanone was studied kinetically. The rate-determining step is the addition of cyclohexanonate anion to trinitrobenzene. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters are compared with those of the reaction with acetone. And the mechanism of the Zimmermann reaction of
m-dinitrobenzene is suggested.
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YOSHIFUMI MAKI, MIKIO SUZUKI, OSAMU TOYOTA, MASAHIRO TAKAYA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
241-247
Published: February 25, 1973
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Alkaline treatment of 5-(
o-acetamidophenylthio)-4-chloro-2-phenyl-3 (2
H)-pyridazinone (II) resulted in the exclusive formation of 3-phenyl-10
H-benzo (
b) pyridazino-[4, 5-
e][1, 4] thiazine-4-(3
H)-one (III)
via Smiles rearrangement. Isomeric 2-phenyl-10Hbenzo [
b] pyridazino [4, 5-
e][1, 4] thiazine-1 (2
H)-one (IV) was obtained preferentially upon treatment of deacetyl derivative (I) with acid together with II. The structures of III and IV were established both by comparison of their chemical properties and by an unequivocal synthesis of IV. A novel ring contraction of IV to spiro (2-phenyl-4 (3
H)-pyrazolone-3, 2'-benzothiazoline)(XIV) was observed.
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KIYOSHI TSUKIDA, MASAYOSHI ITO, FUMIKO IKEDA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
248-251
Published: February 25, 1973
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Relative shift values against a shift of an acetoxyl signal, estimated by employing a nuclear magnetic resonance shift reagent Eu (DPM)
3 on all acetylated sample, couldyield valuable information for assigning the stereochemistry of
cis-trans trisubstituted allylic alcohols and facilitate a simultaneous determination of these isomers in a mixture.
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ISAO TOMITA, YOSHIMOTO SATOU, TATSUO OZAWA, SHIN-ICHI SAITO
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
252-255
Published: February 25, 1973
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The reconstitution of pyruvate decarboxylase has been studied kinetically in thepresence of several concentrations of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and Mn
2+. The Km for TPP determined graphically was decreased by increasing Mn
2+ concentration, while V
max was almost unchanged. The values of Kms for Mn
2+ and V
max, were affected in mixed manner by the amount of TPP.
The significance of Kms thus determined is discussed and the values are compared to that determined in transketolase.
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HITOSHI UNO, AKIRA IRIE, KATSUHIKO HINO
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
256-259
Published: February 25, 1973
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Thiazolo (2, 3-
f) xanthine and thiazolo (2, 3-
f) hypoxanthine were synthesized from 8-thioxanthine and 8-thiohypoxanthine
via 8-acetonylthio derivatives. Structures of these compounds were determined by desulfurization with Raney Ni and by comparisons of physical data and spectrometrical data with those of thiazolo (3, 2-
e) purines.
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FUMIO YONEDA, KEITARO SENGA, SADAO NISHIGAKI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
260-263
Published: February 25, 1973
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Reaction of a chloropyrimidine and a 5-activated pyrimidine in N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDA) resulted in the simultaneous formation of a dimethylaminopyrimidine and a 5-nitrosopyrimidine which is further transformed. A special type of Vilsmeier-Haack reaction using a mixture of NDA and phosphorus oxychloride (NDA+POCl
3) for 5-activated pyrimidines has been accomplished. The reaction of 6-amino-1, 3-dimethyluracil with NDA+POCl
3 under cooling gave bis (6-amino-1, 3-dimethyluracil-5-yl) methane, which was converted into 1, 3, 7, 9-tetramethyl (1H, 3H, 7H, 9H)-pyrido [2, 3-
d, 6, 5-
d'] dipyrimidine-2, 4, 6, 8-tetrone.
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MORIO IKEHARA, SEIICHI UESUGI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
264-269
Published: February 25, 1973
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Cytidine 5'-monophosphate was reacted with
p-toluenesulfonyl chloride in dioxanesodium hydroxide solution. Ion exchange column chromatography of the nucleotides and analysis of each fraction by paper chromatography and paper electrophoresis showed presence of 5'-cytidine 5'-monophosphate, 2, 2'-cyclo-arabinosvlcytosine 5'-monophosphate, arabinosylcytosine 5'-monophosphate, 2, 2'-cyclo-3'-tosylarabinosylcytosine 5'-monophosphate, 2, 3'-cyclo-lyxosylcytosine 5'-monophosphate, 2', 3'-epoxylyxofuranosylcytosine 5'-monophosphate and lyxofuranosylcytosine 5'-monophosphate. 2, 2'-Cycloarabinosylcytosine 5'-monophosphate was isolated in 33% yield.
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HIROSHI NAGASE
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
270-278
Published: February 25, 1973
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The reaction of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate with thioureas was re-investigated to examine the structure of the products previously recorded in several papers without definite evidence. By chemical reactions and spectroscopic data the five-membered structure, 2-imino-4-thiazolidone (II), was given to the products, contrary to the previously proposed six-membered structure, 2, 3-dihydro-1, 3-thiazin-4-one.
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HIROSHI NAGASE
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
279-286
Published: February 25, 1973
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Dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate was found to react readily with dithiocarbamates, thiolcarbamates, thiosemicarbazides and thiosemicarbazones to give 4-thiazolidones (I, IV, V, VI and VII). The exodouble bond of 4-thiazolidones (I) was highly reactive to dithiocarbamates to give 2, 2'-dithioxo-5, 5'-bi-4-thiazolidones (II), which were autoxydized to 2, 2'-dithioxo-Δ5, 5'-bi-4-thiazolidones (III) in the presence of catalytic amount of amines.
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SHIRO TAKAHASHI, SHIN'ICHIRO HASHIMOTO, HIDEO KANO
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
287-295
Published: February 25, 1973
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In connection with the abnormal reaction of ethyl 1-methyl-2-benzimidazolecarboxylate 3-oxide (1) with piperidine, aminolyses of several related esters were investigated. The esters: 1, 2-ethoxycarbonyl-1, 3-dimethylbenzimidazolium iodide (11), 2-methoxycarbonylmethyl- 1, 3-dimethylbenzimidazolium iodide (17), ethyl 2-benzothiazolecarboxylate 3-oxide (26) and 2-ethoxycarbonyl-3-methylbenzothiazolium perchlorate (34) under went abnormal aminolysis partly or predominantly, not only with secondary amine (piperidine) but also with some primary amines, to give the corresponding carbamates. Ethyl tribromoacetate (57) also underwent abnormal cleavage with some primary amines.
On the other hand, ethyl 1-methyl-2-benzimidazolecarboxylate (21), ethyl 2-benzothiazolecarboxylate (37), ethyl 2- and 4-pyridinecarboxylate N-oxide (44, 45) 4-ethoxycarbonyl- 1-methylpyridinium iodide (55) reacted with both primary and secondary amines to yield only normal products, amides.
Mechanisms accounting for the different behavior of the esters towards amines have been discussed from electronic and steric points of view.
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KOJI YAMAKAWA, SHINPEI KIDOKORO, NORIHIDE UMINO, REIJI SAKAGUCHI, TAKA ...
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
296-307
Published: February 25, 1973
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5α-and 5β-2-oxosantanolide (XIII and XXIII) have been synthesized from known 2-acetoxy-α-and γ-tetrahydrosantonin (VIII and XIX), respectively, which has previously been obtained from (-)-santonin. Nuclear magnetic resonance, optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism spectra of XIII and XXIII are discussed.
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AKIHIRO TADA, MASAKI KOBAYASHI, JUNZO SHOJI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
308-311
Published: February 25, 1973
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The chemical structure of ophiopogonin D, a glycoside isolated from the tuber of
Ophiopogon japonicus KER-GAWLER var.
genuinus MAXIM.(Liliaceae) was established to be ruscogenin (1)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1
rham→2
fue)][D-xylopyranosyl (1
xyl→3
fue)]β-D-fucopyranoside (Ia). Ophiopogonin D is one of spirostane type glycosides whose sugar moietylinks to the hydroxyl group other than C
3 hydroxyl group of the aglycone.
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TORU KOIZUMI, NORIO YAMAMOTO, EIICHI YOSHII
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
312-315
Published: February 25, 1973
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Mixed carboxylic-diphenylphosphoric anhydrides, prepared from carboxylic acid and diphenyl phosphorochloridate in the presence of triethylamine, were reduced with excess sodium borohydride to yield the corresponding primary alcohols in fair yield. It was possible to reduce carboxyl group selectively without affecting nitro, ester, amide, and conjugated double bond. It was observed that the considerable racemization occurred in the present reaction with N-benzoyl-phenylalanine.
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TSUGIO SHIMAMOTO, YASUAKI OGAWA, NORIE OHKURA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
316-322
Published: February 25, 1973
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The antimicrobiological activity of preservatives incorporated in oil-in-water emulsion systems has been stated to be controlled by the concentration of the undissociated free species in the aqueous phase. A novel technique of ultrafiltration using the Diaflo membrane was investigated in order to measure the free methyl
p-hydroxybenzoate in the aqueous phase of the oil-in-water emulsion. The method was found to differentiate between preservative that was bound, or solubilized, by the surfactant and preservative that was free in the aqueous phase. Emulsions containing various amount of methyl
p-hydroxybenzoate were centrifuged and water rich layers were transferred to be ultrafiltration for the measurement of preservative concentrations. This technique could provide, in experiments of short duration, the direct estimation of the total preservative concentration in the emulsion needed to maintain a minimum inhibitory concentration of microbiologically active free preservative in the aqueous phase. Results from the ultrafiltration method were in good agreement with those from the microbiological method.
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MASARU KOBAYASHI, MOTOHITO NISHIZAWA, KAGEMI TODO, HIROSHI MITSUHASHI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
323-328
Published: February 25, 1973
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Sterols of annelida of the class Polychaeta,
Pseudopotamilla occelata MOORE, were identified as 22-
trans-24-norcholesta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol (4.4%), 22-
trans-cholesta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol (6%), cholesterol (50.1%), brassicasterol (5.5%), desmosterol (17.9%), 24-methylcholest-5-en-3β-ol (3.4%), 24-methylenecholest-5-en-3β-ol (9.3%), 24-ethylcholesta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol (0.5%), and 24-ethyl-and-ethylidene-chloest-5-en-3β-ol (total 2%). The major six sterols were isolated and their structure characterized. Gas-iquid chromatography showed the probable presence of 22-
cis-isomer of cholesta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol.
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FUMITAKA TAKAMI, KANJI TOKUYAMA, SHIGERU WAKAHARA, TAKASHI MAEDA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
329-334
Published: February 25, 1973
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The dissociations of five N-monosubstituted dithiocarbamic acids (I) in strongly acidic and alkaline solutions were investigated spectrophotometrically. The existence following equilibrium, _??_(eq. 6) was established. The values of dissociation constants were determined. The Brønsted correlations between p
K'
Ior p
K'
III and pKa of corresponding amines (p
KN) were found; p
K'I or p
K'
III 0.48 p
KN+α(α=-9.06 for p
K'
I;eq. 7, and α=12.43 for p
K'
III;eq.8).
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TAICHIRO KOMENO, HIKARU ITANI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
335-345
Published: February 25, 1973
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The titled compounds were synthesized from the corresponding 10-propargyl-des-A-9 (10)-en-5-one derivatives through the 3, 5-
seco-4-nor-dioxo steroids. The preparation of des-A-19-norpregn-9 (10)-ene-5, 20-dione involving the condensation of phenyl methyl sulfone or dimethyl sulfone with methyl 1β-methoxycarbonyl-5, 5-ethylenedioxy-7amethyl-3aα, 7aβ-hexahydroindan-4x-yl propionate is also described.
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KAZUO KIGASAWA, HIROAKI SHIMIZU, HIDEHISA NAKAGURO, JUNKO SHOJI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
346-352
Published: February 25, 1973
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We studied in this work the comparison of the reactivity of tetrabromobenzaurine (II) with that of bromophenol blue (I) in methanol-benzene and benzene.
We discussed how the bulky aminated sulfone group in the
ortho position of I influenced the arrangement of the three phenyls, the approach of anion to a center carbon atom, and the behavior of amines bonded to the phenolic hydroxy group, based on a shift to the longer wave length of II, the fading of II in methanol-benzene, and the comparison of the enthalpies and entropies of the reaction of II with those of I.
It was found that the use of. II in the reaction with amines was undoubtedly advantageous over I since an absence of the sulfone group in II resulted in an increase in reactivity of the phenolic hydroxy group with amines and simplification of the reaction.
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HIROTAKA OTOMASU, SHIGERU OHMIYA, HIROSHI TAKAHASHI, KEI YOSHIDA, SHIR ...
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
353-357
Published: February 25, 1973
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Reduction of N-(2, 6-dinitropheny1)-α-amino acids afforded 5-amino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-2-ones (IIIa, b), which on heating with carboxylic acids, ring-closure reaction occurred to form 5, 6-dihydro-4
H-imidazo [1, 5, 4-
d, e] quinoxaline-2-ones (VIa-g). By the reaction of IIIa, b with urea, 1, 2, 5, 6-tetrahydro-4
H-imidazo [1, 5, 4-
d, e] quinoxaline-2, 5-diones (VIIa, b) were obtained.
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SEIGO KATAOKA, KAZUHIKO TAIRA, TOSHIHIKO ARIYOSHI, EIGO TAKABATAKE
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
358-365
Published: February 25, 1973
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The urinary metabolites of benzydamine hydrochloride (BZY·EHCl) in rabbits were isolated by the combination of extraction with CHCl
3 and column or thin-layer chromatography on Amberlite XAD-2, silica gel, and aluminum oxide, and identified by thin-layer co-chromatography with authentic samples and by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
The major two metabolites are benzydamine N-oxide (BZY-NO) and 1-(
p-hydroxybenzyl)-3-(3-dimethylaminopropoxy)-1H-indazole (HO-BZY). The minor others are demethylated BZY (nor-BZY), N-debenzylated BZY (deB-BZY), 1-benzyl-1H-indazolone (BID), and indazolone (ID). The excretion of unchanged BZY amounts about 1%. In addition, three glucuronides were found but their chemical structures are not clarified, yet.
The total amount of fluorescent metabolites excreted in 24 hr urine of rat, mouse, guinea pig, rabbit and dog received BZY-EHCl was equivalent to around 30% of dose. However, 62.4 or 74.7% of fluorescent metabolites of rat or dog was extracted directly with chloroform but about 20% of mouse, guinea pig or rabbit were. After incubating chloroform extracted urine with β-glucuronidase, the fluorescent metabolites in urine was extracted with chloroform more than 70% in mouse, guinea pig or rat but less than 40% in rabbit and 10% in dog. The cat excretes fluorescent metabolites equivalent to 16.6% of dose and no glucuronide.
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KENJI KONO, TSUNEJI NAGAI, HISASHI NOGAMI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
366-371
Published: February 25, 1973
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The binding mechanism of 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), called “hydrophobic probe, ” to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), poly-N-vinyl-2-oxazolidone (PVO), poly-N-vinyl-5-methyl-2-oxazolidone (PVMO) and polyethylene glycol-20M (PEG-20M) was investigated as an approach to understanding of the interaction between ANS and biological components.
A high fluorescence emission was observed when the above synthetic water soluble polymers were added to aqueous solution of ANS. The emission maximum appeared at 480 mμ by the excitation at 365 mμ in the cases of PVP K-15, PVP K-30, PVO and PVMO, and at 475 mμ in the case of PEG-20M. The fluorescence was polarized in ANS/PVP/water, as was described with Perrin's equation. The enhancement and the shift of fluorescence emission were not observed in ANS/polyethylene imine/water.
The shift of signals to higher field on the proton magnetic resonance spectra of the model systems ANS/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone/D
2O and ANS/N-chloroethyl-2-oxazolidone/D
2O suggested that ANS may stack on pyrrolidone and oxazolidone rings, respectively.
PEG-20M gave a ultraviolet absorption spectrum and another infrared absorption around 1515 cm1 than PEG 4000 and 6000 did and also gave two peaks on the gel permeation chromatogram. The fluorescence intensity at 310 mμ, excited at 265 mμ, decreased with the increase of concentration of ANS. Accordingly, it was considered possiblethat some aromatic residue was incorporated in the PEG-20M molecule as have been reported in some other cases and this residue played an important role in the binding of ANS to PEG-20M.
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MINORU SEKIYA, OSAMU MATSUDA, JIRO SUZUKI, MASAYASU TOMIE
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
372-382
Published: February 25, 1973
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It has been found that
p-(dialkylamino) azobenzenes undergo a novel reaction on heating with formic acid or the constant boiling liquid formate composed of formicacid and trialkylamine. The reaction involves a number of reaction stages such as reduction, bond fission and migration, giving a number of the products, N-alkyl and N-formyl derivatives of
p-phenylenediamine and of aniline.
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TAKEO UEDA, ATSUSHI TAKADA, MATAJIRO KOYAMA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
383-387
Published: February 25, 1973
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The color reaction of aromatic aldehyde with acenaphthene was investigated to clarify the mechanism of the coloration. When the colored solution of aldehyde with acenaphthene in concentrated sulfuric acid was treated with ice water, bis [1-(5-acenaphthenyl) benzyl] ether derivative was obtained, as a reaction product. It was assumed that the coloration might be ascribed to 1-(5-acenaphthenyl) benzyl cation derivative.
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MASASHI OKADA, YUKIO SAITO
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
388-393
Published: February 25, 1973
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From the stereochemical point of view, sodium borohydide reduction of the four possible 14-deoxy-15-oxocardenolides (14β, 17β; 14β, 17α; 14α, 17β; 14α, 17α) wasinvestigated. The 15-oxo group in the 14β-cardenolides (C/D
cis) was reduced to give 15α-hydroxy epimer as the main product, while predominant formation of 15β-hydroxy epimer was observed with the 14α-cardenolides (C/D
trans), irrespective of the configurationof the butenolide at C-17.
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KOZO KURIHARA, IZUO ICHIKAWA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
394-403
Published: February 25, 1973
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The angles of repose and the discharge-behavior from small holes under a slow agitation were studied on powders with particles of comparatively wide size ranges. Moreover, the shear-tests were done on these powders and from these data the interparticle cohesion at point of contact under zero compacting pressure was determined. The relations between this interparticle cohesion and the angle of repose or the discharge-behavior were determined. These results are summarized as follows.
1. The relation between the discharge-rate Q (ml/min) and the relative dimension of the orifice-area to the particle-area is represented by the following equation.
Q=a((φ/dp)
2-(φ
0/dp)
2)
2. The relation between a and the reciprocal of (φ
0/dp) is roughly linear.
3. φ
0/dp increases monotonically with kF0/ρp
3 and the relation between them is independent of the particle-shape.
4. The angle of repose increases linearly with F0/ρpdp
3 and the relation between them is dependent on the particle-shape and in the range of small F0/ρpdp
3 the angle of repose of the spherical particle is smaller than that of the irregular one.
5. The relation between the discharge-behavior and the angle of repose could be represented by the following equation.
φ
0/dp=f(k(θ-θ
0)/α)
View full abstract
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HISASHI MURATA, KATSUMI KOUGO, AKIRA YASUMURA, EIICHI NAKAJIMA, HIDEYO ...
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
404-414
Published: February 25, 1973
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The distribution, excretion and biotransformation of
14C-cloxazolam were studied in rats and mice. The tissue concentration reached the maximum at about 1 and 3 hr after oral administration to rats and mice, respectively. The brain concentration was higher and lasted longer in mice than in rats. In the whole-body autoradiograms of mice, no significant radioactivity was detected in the tissues except the liver after 24 hr and the radioactivity disappeared almost completely after 72 hr. The recovery of radioactivity was considerably higher in the feces than in the urine and was about the same regardless of the route of administration in both rats and mice. In the
in situ cannulated rats, the most of the oral dose was recovered in the bile in 24 hr period. Eighteen radioactive metabolites were detected in the liver, urine and feces after oral administration of
14C-cloxazolam. Among them, eight metabolites including 7-chloro-2, 3-dihydro-5-[
o-chlorophenyl]-2H-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-5-[
o-chlorophenyl]-1, 3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2H-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-one (COX) and 2-amino-3-hydroxy-2', 5-dichlorobenzophenone (ADCB-OH) were isolated and identified. The main metabolites in the mouse urine were the glucuronides of COX and ADCB-OH, while in the rat urine two unidentified metabolites in addition to the above two. In the mouse feces, COX and ADCB-OH and their conjugates were the main metabolites, while in the rat feces a much larger number of metabolites were detected.
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HIROTERU SAYO, SHIGEKO OZAKI, MASAICHIRO MASUI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
415-421
Published: February 25, 1973
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The title reaction gives products according to the following equations: a) Monoalkylhydroxylamine RNHOH+2DPPH→R-N=O+2DPPH
2b) Dialkylhydroxylamine Me
2NOH+2DPPH→1/2 Me
2N (O) =CH
2+1/2 Me
2NOH+2DPPH
2 (
t-Bu)
2NOH+2DPPH→
t-Bu-N=O+Me
2C=CH
2 (or
t-BuOH) +2DPPH
2The reaction is first-order with respect to both hydroxylamines and 1, 1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl and the first step in the reaction involves fromation of the corresponding nitroxides.
The effects of substituents and solvents on the reaction rate suggest a mechanism in which the nitroxide is formed by one-electron transfer from the nitrogen of the hydroxylamine followed by a proton transfer from the hydroxyl group.
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MITSUYOSHI WAGATSUMA, SHIRO TERASHIMA, SHUN-ICHI YAMADA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
422-427
Published: February 25, 1973
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The Cu (II)-catalyzed peptide bond formation previously reported by us, was applied to the synthesis of optically active amino acid amides and peptide amides.
Treatment of an optically active amino acid ester with a primary amine in the presence of anhydrous CuCl
2 afforded the desired amino acid secondary amide, without racemization, in 60-70% yield. However, the same reaction with a secondary amine with larger steric hindrance than primary amine gave an optically active tertiary amide in a very low yield as expected from the proposed mechanism. Almost all the amino acid amides could be isolated as hydrochlorides or as free bases.
Some peptide amides,
i. e. Z-Gly-Gly-NH-Bzl, and Z-Ala-Gly-NH-Bzl, were also prepared.
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AKINOBU OTSUKA, KAZUMI DANJO, HISAKAZU SUNADA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
428-436
Published: February 25, 1973
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The compression runs on several powders of different particle size and hardness were made in the relatively low pressure range where the fragmentation of particles did not take place. The porosity/pressure data were arranged on the assumption that the porosity at a given pressure can be directly related with the average axial force acting on each particle. An empirical equation containing the constants which are not affected by particle size was then obtained. It was confirmed that the compaction parameters obtained above are related to the pressure transmission ratio and hardness of the material being compressed.
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KENJI SEMPUKU
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
437-439
Published: February 25, 1973
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KEIICHI NOMURA, JUN ADACHI, MICHIO HANAI, KEMMOTSU MITSUHASHI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
439-443
Published: February 25, 1973
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MORIO IKEHARA, EIKO OHTSUKA, SEIICHI UESUGI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
444-445
Published: February 25, 1973
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HIROSHI TAKAKU, YOSHIFUSA SHIMADA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
445-447
Published: February 25, 1973
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FUMIO YONEDA, YOSHIHARU SAKUMA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
448-450
Published: February 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2011
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HIROSHI IRIE, KOSEI OHNO, KENJI OSAKI, TOORU TAGA, SHOJIRO UYEO
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
451-452
Published: February 25, 1973
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YUICHI KANAOKA, TOSHIKATSU TSUJI, KAZUHIKO ITOH, KOICHI KOYAMA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
453-454
Published: February 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2011
JOURNAL
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CHIU-MING CHEN, TAKAO MURAKAMI
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
455-456
Published: February 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2011
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MASUO MORISAKI, JULIETA RUBIO-LIGHTBOURN, NOBUJO IKEKAWA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
457-458
Published: February 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2011
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TSUNEO NAMBA, MASAO YOSHIZAKI, TSUYOSHI TOMIMORI, KYOICHI KOBASHI, KEN ...
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
459-461
Published: February 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2011
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SEIICHI INAYAMA, TAKESHI KAWAMATA
1973 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages
461-463
Published: February 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2011
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