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Volume 25, Issue 12
Displaying 1-50 of 52 articles from this issue
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HIROSHI IWASE, ASAO MURAI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3129-3136
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESShe fragmentation of five derivatives of isobutylamine, 3-methylthiopropylamine, β-phenylethylamine, tyramine and dopamine upon electron impact is studied for the concurrent ultramicrodetermination and the selective identification of amines by mass fragmentography. The results obtained in this study indicated that trimethylsilyl derivative was the most preferable for the concurrent ultramicrodetermination of amines because this derivative produced the common intense ion at m/e 174, which is specific for amines. Using mass fragmentography monitored at m/e 174, about 10-11g of amine can be detected.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
TERUAKI TSUJIKAWA, MOTOMI TATSUTA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3137-3146
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUnder a nitrogen atmosphere, anti-isomers of 2-benzylidenehydrazinopyrimidines underwent isomerization easily to their syn-isomers by irradiation with ultraviolet light in a benzene solution, but in the presence of oxygen, photosensitized auto-oxidation occurred to afford 3-aryl-1, 2, 4-triazolo [4, 3-a] pyrimidines. When irradiated in the same manner, 2-benzylidenehydrazino-1, 3, 5-triazine derivatives decomposed into benzaldehydes and 2-hydroxy-1, 3, 5-triazines.View full abstractDownload PDF (918K) -
TERUAKI TSUJIKAWA, MASANORI HAYASHI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3147-3154
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn hope of antihypertensive activity, 2-(2-tetrahydrothienyl)-3-hydroxy-5, 5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (3) was synthesized by the routes of either (A) on heating a mixture of dimedone (7) and 2-chlorotetrahydrothiophene or (B) by the coupling of 7 with 2, 3-dihydrothiophene (9) in the presence of acid. Several related compounds were also prepared.View full abstractDownload PDF (905K) -
ATSUSHI MURAKAMI, YUKIO AKAHORI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3155-3162
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA physicochemical and mathematical model of the mechanism of physiological action was assumed, and the model was applied on prostaglandins. A conformation-action relationship was studied using the model, and high values of correlation coefficients were obtained. Biological activities of prostaglandins on rat uterus, guinea pig ileum, and rabbit jejunum were explained using the model. Active sites of prostaglandins were derived from the mathematical model. They are the oxygen atom bonded to the carbon atom C1, the oxygen atom bonded to C9, the oxygen atom bonded to C15, and the carbon atom C5 or C20.View full abstractDownload PDF (859K) -
NAKAO KOJIMA, YUKIO SUGIURA, HISASHI TANAKA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3163-3171
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe interaction between the indium complexes and human serum proteins has been investigated by electrophoresis and gel filtration. Excess indium above serum transferrin level bound to albumin and α1-globulins besides to transferrin. The sulfhydryl-containing ligands and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) prevented the indium binding by albumin, in contrast with common amino acids. The indium complexes of penicillamine, 2, 3-dithiopropanol (BAL), and EDTA resist the transfer of indium from the complexes to transferrin and the ability is related to the stability of the complexes, and to the molecular form and size of the ligands. Thioglycolic acid which prevents the hydrolysis of indium and forms the indium-transferrin-thioglycolate ternary complex, is available for the effective preparation of 113mIn-or 111In-transferrin. The binding-affinity of In (III) to ovotransferrin was approximately equal to that of Fe (III). The indium complex of EDTA was present in the form of the dimer at the physiological pH, as well as the ferric complex. On the basis of these results, the usefulness of the inert indium complexes of EDTA, penicillamine, BAL, and the disulfhydryl-containing peptides as imaging agents, has been discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1058K) -
MAMORU SUGIURA, TAKASHI YAMADA, MASAKAZU ISOBE1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3172-3176
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe thermal inactivationoof the semi-alkaline proteinase from Aspergillus melleus, proceeded following the first order kinetics. The activation energy for the thermal inactivation was calculated to be 53 kcal per mol. Autolysis takes place directly proportional with the inactivation and the enzyme was degraded into oligopeptide and or amino acid. It was found that calcium ion, ammonium sulfate, glycerol and saccharose have a stabilizing effect on the semi-alkaline proteinase against the thermal inactivation. In the enzyme, 4-6 mol of calcium ion per mol of protein were found to bound, and by the loss of calcium ion, the enzyme became extremely unstable. In the presence of denaturing agents such as urea, guanidine-HCl and alcohols, the inactivation of the enzyme was accelerated and proceeded with first order kinetics. Activation energy for thermal inactivation decreased in the presence of urea and guanidine-HCl, but unchanged in the presence of alcohols. From these results, it was concluded that thermal inactivation of the semi-alkaline proteinase proceeded in two steps, that is, denaturation with conformational change and followed degradation with the residual proteinase. The rate limiting step was the denaturation.View full abstractDownload PDF (662K) -
YOSHIO SASAKI, HIDEAKI FUJIWARA, HIDEKO KAWAKI, YUKO OKAZAKI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3177-3181
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe 1 : 1 complex formations between pyridine bases and Eu (DPM)3 are approved at equimolar, excess base and excess Eu (DPM)3 conditions. The equilibrium constants and complex shifts are estimated by the graphic and simulation methods of the observed results of the above three conditions. The complex shifts thus obtained showed good correspondence with infinite concent-ration shifts and the so-called S values. The equilibrium constants are solvent dependent, whereas the complex shifts are not.View full abstractDownload PDF (542K) -
GENJIRO KUSANO, SACHIKO HOJO, YOSHIKAZU KONDO, TSUNEMATSU TAKEMOTO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3182-3189
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCimicifugoside (I), mp 237-238°, C37H54O<<11> was isolated along with friedelin, β-sitosterol, β-sitosteryl glucoside, 25-O-methylcimigenol, cimigenol and cimigenyl xyloside from the roots of Cimicifuga simplex. The structure (I) was proposed for cimicifugoside on the basis of chemical and physicochemical data. The major topic is chemistry of a hydrolysis product, cimicifugenin A (IV) and its derivatives.View full abstractDownload PDF (1016K) -
TOSHIO KAMEI, HAJIME SUZUKI, MEIKI MATSUZAKI, TOSHIO OTANI, HISAO KOND ...1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3190-3197
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCholesterol esterase was purified from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces lavendulae by a procedure involving precipitation with ammonium sulfate and acetone, gel filtration on Sepharose CL-4B, and rechromatography on Sepharose CL-4B after treatment of Triton X-100. The purified enzyme was detected as a single band by polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis, while one main band and three minor bands were observed by SDS gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the main band was 29000. The enzyme was inhibited by Hg2+, Ag+ and DFP. Long-chain fatty acid esters of cholesterol were hydrolyzed preferentially and pH optimum was 6.0. This enzyme could be used to the determination of total serum cholesterol with cholesterol oxidase from Streptomyces violascens.View full abstractDownload PDF (946K) -
TETSUYA AONO, SHOJI KISHIMOTO, YOSHIAKI ARAKI, SHUNSAKU NOGUCHI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3198-3209
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relative reactivity in each position of 1-indancarboxylic acid (IV) toward electro-hilic substitution reaction such as chlorination, bromination, acylation, sulfonation and nitration was examined and it was found that the 6-position is the most reactive. By these reactions, pharmacologically interesting meta-substituted phenylacetic acid derivatives were readily obtained. Electrophilic chlorination of IV followed by cycloalkylation provided an improved alternative synthetic method of antiinflammatory 6-chloro-5-cyclohexyl-1-indancarboxylic acid (TAI-284, I) and its analogs.View full abstractDownload PDF (1370K) -
YOSUKE SAWADA, SHIROH NAKASHIMA, HYOZO TANIYAMA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3210-3217
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Streptomyces lavendulae ISP-5069 produces racemomycin-A which yields β-lysine as a component on hydrolysis. β-Lysine was derived from an intermediate α, ε-diaminopimelic acid via lysine pathway. Exogenous lysine acted as a donor of β-lysine to form racemomycin-C and-B by S. lavendulae NT-1008 by means of incorporation of 14C-labeled lysine. 2. Two taxonomically different strains, S. lavendulae NT-1008 and S. albidoflavus S-0003, were selected as the strains producing racemomycin-A, -C, and-B as a mixture. These antibiotics were present both in the intracellular pool and in the broth. 3. Addition of 14C-racemomycin-A to the culture medium resulted in the incorporation of 14C into racemomycin-C and-B. Majority of the radioactivity was present in the extracellular racemomycin-C and-B, but a significant portion was present in the intracellular antibiotics. These data indicate that racemomycin-C and-B were transformed stepwisely from racemomycin-A and β-lysine, suggesting an endogenous formation.View full abstractDownload PDF (980K) -
KIYOKO TAKAMURA, MIZUHO ITO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3218-3225
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of metal ions and flavonoids on the oxidatio of ascorbic acid (I) have been investigated polarographically in the acetate buffer solution of pH 5.4. since I gives a diffusion-controlled anodic wave due to a two-electron oxidation to form dehydroascorbic acid, the rate of the oxidation of I can be followed by measuring the change in the limiting current of I with time. The rate of the oxidation of I was enhanced by the presence of some metal ions. Among them, the effect of copper (II) was especially pronounced. Such the fact can be explained on the basis of the formation of a coordinative linkage between metal and ascorbate ions and the reducibility of metal ions. Contrary to this, flavonoids exhibited an inhibition effect on the copper (II)-catalyzed oxidation of I. The effect became more marked in the order of 3-hydroxyflavone<rutin<quercetin, but no inhibition was observed for flavone. From the experimental result that the complex forming tendency of copper (II) with flavonoids increase in the order of flavone<3-hydroxyflavone<rutin<quercetin, a decrease in the concentration of free copper (II) as a result of the complex formation between flavonoids and copper (II), was found to be primarily responsible for the inhibition effect of flavonoids.View full abstractDownload PDF (828K) -
TAKAO INOUE, MASAO FUJITA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3226-3231
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS^<14>C-Labelled isoliquiritigenin was efficiently incorporated into puerarin of Pueraria lobata but 14C-labelled daidzein was almost not into it. These results support that the C-glycosylation occurs at the stage of chalcone or flavanone. Further competitive feeding experiments with T-or 14C-labelled isoliquiritigenin and liquiritigenin suggest that Cglycosylchalcone would be a possible intermediate for the biosynthesis of puerarin.View full abstractDownload PDF (757K) -
SYOICHI SHIROTAKE, TAKEICHI SAKAGUCHI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3232-3238
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new cytosinium copper chloride complex was synthesized from diluted hydrochloric acid solution. The site of copper ion being coordinated with cytosine was examined by means of infrared and selective broadening in proton magnetic resonance (PMR) spectrum. On the basis of these data, it was suggested that copper ion is coordinated with the C(2)=O of cytosine, and that composition of the cytosinium copper chloride complex is 4 : 1 ratio of ligand to metal. On the basis of infrared and PMR spectral studies, it was suggested that the N(3)site of cytosine is strongly bound to proton rather than to copper ion under an acid condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (765K) -
NOBUYUKI YAMAJI, KYOKO SUDA, YASUKO ONOUE, MOTOHIKO KATO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3239-3246
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTreatment of 2-substituted 1, N6-etheno-c-AMP (c-AMP : adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic phosphate) derivatives with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) under mild conditions gave the corresponding 2-substituted-c-AMP. Therefore, the route (c-AMP→1, N6-etheno-c-AMP→2-substituted 1, N6-etheno-c-AMP→2-substituted c-AMP) offers an excellent way to synthesize the last compound from c-AMP. The yields of this deblocking reaction of the etheno group were increased by the adjustment of the solution to alkaline after bromination. The probable reaction mechanism involving the bromination and the subsequent hydrolysis has been proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (859K) -
TETSUO MIYADERA, YOICHI KAWANO, TADASHI HATA, CHIHIRO TAMURA, RYUJI TA ...1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3247-3254
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree 1, 4-benzodiazepine N-oxides, diazepam N-oxide (IIIa), nordiazepam N-oxide (IIIb) and chlordiazepoxide (IV) were submitted to 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to give quinoxaline derivatives (Va from IIIa ; Vb from IIIb ; XI and XII from IV). It is likely that the cycloaddition reactions involve the rearrangement of Beckmann type in which initially formed adducts (i.e., VIa) rearrange to quinoxaline derivatives (i.e., VIIa). The structural determination of XII was made by X-ray crystallographic analysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (923K) -
TAEKO NAKAYAMA, TERUMI NAKAJIMA, HIROFUMI SOKABE1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3255-3260
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree kinds of snake angiotensins have been isolated from the incubation product of snake (Elaphe climocophora) kidney extract with homologous plasma. The amino acid sequences were deduced by dansyl method as follows : Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Val-His-Pro-Phe X-Asx-Arg-Val-Tyr-Val-His-Pro-Phe-Tyr X-Asx-Arg-Val-Tyr-Val-His-Pro-Phe-Tyr-Leu Tyrosine in position 9 was different from histidine of mammalian angiotensins or serine of the fowl. Position 5 was valine as in so-called bovine angiotensin.View full abstractDownload PDF (741K) -
SHOGO UEMATSU, YUKIO AKAHORI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3261-3269
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe tautomerism of 5-fluorobenzofuroxan was studied by the proton magnetic resonance at 60 and 100 MHz. The rate of intramolecular rearrangement between 5-fluorobenzofuroxan (ABCX) and 6-fluorobenzofuroxan (A'B'C'X') was obtained by analyzing the line shapes of proton magnetic resonance signals. The theoretical spectra were calculated by means of a computer program based on the density matrix theory of the nonmutual exchange developed by Johnson, and the theoretical spectra showed a good agreement with the experimental line shapes in the temperature range from -78°to +30°. Activation parameters for the intramolecular rearrangement were found to be ⊿H&nedot;=5∼10kcal/mol and ⊿S&nedot;=-33∼-17 cal/deg·mol.View full abstractDownload PDF (850K) -
TAKUMI MATSUDA, NORIKO HONJO, MOTOYOSHI YAMAZAKI, YOSHINOBU GOTO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3270-3276
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reaction of 2, 5-diarylthiazole 3-oxides (IIa-e) with acetic anhydride was studied. The intermediates of this reaction, 4, 5-diacetoxy-2, 5-diaryl-4, 5-dihydrothiazoles (Va-1-Ve-1, Va-2-Ve-2), were isolated and their structures were determined by their chemical behavior and spectral data.View full abstractDownload PDF (744K) -
RYOJI KASAI, KIYOKO MATSUURA, OSAMU TANAKA, SHUICHI SANADA, JUNZO SHOJ ...1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3277-3282
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComplete trimethylsilylation of 20 (S)-protopanaxadiol (11), 20 (S)-protopanaxatriol (12) (Ginseng-sapogenins) and dammarenediol-II (13) was furnished by the action of trimethylsilylimidazole. The mass spectra of the pertrimethylsilyl ethers of 11, 12, and 13 (TMSi-11, -12, and -13) exhibited characteristic fragmentations around their C-20, which were diagnostic for structure determination of triterpenes of this type. The mass spectra of TMSi-ethers of the deuterated compounds of 11 (11-d2 and -d5) demonstrated that no 1, 2-elimination of TMSiOH at C-3 and -12 was involved in the fragmentation. With reference to the reports of the mass spectrometry of TMSi-oligosaccharides, the mass spectra of Ginseng saponins (ginsenosides-Rb1 (1), -Rb2 (2), -Rc (3), -Rd (4), -Re (5), -Rf (6), -Rg1 (7), and -Rg2 (8) were also studied, the results of which were found to be useful for identification and structure determination of oligoglycosides of this type.View full abstractDownload PDF (638K) -
SADAKI FUJIMOTO, TSUTOMU NAKAGAWA, AKIRA OHARA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3283-3288
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe properties of the acid phosphatase isolated in a homogeneous state from soybean (Glycine max) have been investigated in detail. The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of a wide variety of phospholylated compounds including phosphomonoesters, nucleotide mono-, di-and triphosphate, and inorganic pyrophosphate. No activity was detected for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and diphenyl phosphate. The enzyme activity was inhibited by orthophosphate, arsenate, fluoride, molybdate, and heavy metal ions including Cu2+, Zn2+, Hg2+ and Ag+. Treatment of the enzyme with chelating agents, reducing agents and oxidizing agents resulted in inactivation of the enzyme. The reduction of the absorbance at 540 nm of the enzyme was observed in parallel with the loss of the enzyme activity by the treatment with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and rongalit, but not with H2O2. The enzyme had a molecular weight of approximately 240000. Polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate suggested that the enzyme dissociated into subunits with molecular weight of approximately 60000. The amino acid and carbohydrate composition of the enzyme were also determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (642K) -
AKIO MIYAKE, HISASHI KURIKI, KATSUMI ITOH, MASAO NISHIKAWA, YOSHIKAZU ...1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3289-3300
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn a search for a new type of β-adrenoceptor agonist, a series of N, N'-disubstituted 2, 5-diamino-6-hydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenols (2a-q), in which the 5-hydroxyl group of the previously reported rigid catecholamine (1) was replaced by methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, methanesulfonylamino, ureido, and formamido groups, were synthesized from 6-benzyloxy-5-nitro-4, 3-dihydro-1 (2H)-naphthalenone (6). 5-Chloro-2-isopropylamino derivative (53) was also prepared using an intermediate of those syntheses. Biological results for the two derivatives (2d and 2e) are presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (1327K) -
KAZUO ITO, HITOSHI TANAKA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3301-3305
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReaction of erysodienol (4) with methyl iodide afforded the corresponding dibenzazonine (7), whose structure was confirmed by identification with the authentic specimen, prepared by N-methylation of a known secondary amine (1). On the other hand, erysodienone methiodide (6), synthesized by N-methylation of erysodienone (3), was treated with alkali reagents in methanol and ethanol to yield dibenzazonines (8 and 9), which have newly formed methoxyl and ethoxyl groups at C5-position in dibenzazonine skeleton.View full abstractDownload PDF (631K) -
AKIRA MIZUTANI, YOSHIHIRO MATSUSHITA, TAKAHARU MIZUTANI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3306-3311
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of two hypocalcemic substances from the bovine thymus (TP1) was investigated. As a material for purification, it was confirmed by chromatography on diethylaminoethylcellulose that the fraction precipitated at 0-15% ammonium sulfate concentration was better than the 0-20% precipitate. Molecular weight of TP1 was 66000 by sedimentation equilibrium and this result agreed with that obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (68000) and suggested that TP1 was not composed of subunit. The circular dichroism spectrum of TP1 showed that the contents of α-helix, β-structure, and random form were 7, 39 and 54%, respectively. TP1 contained 2.07 mol of the sulfhydryl residues by the mercury orange method. By the treatment at 56°for 30 min, hypocalcemic activity disappeared and the activity also disappeared by the treatment at 37°for 1 hr in acidic (pH 1.4) or alkaline (pH 12.6) solutions.View full abstractDownload PDF (728K) -
SHIGERU KOBAYASHI, MASARU KIHARA, SATORU SHIZU, SADAMU KATAYAMA, HARUY ...1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3312-3323
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe apogalanthamine analogs, 10, 11-methylenedioxy-, 10, 11-dimethoxy-, and 11, 12-dimethoxy-5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydrodibenz [c, e] azocines (2, 5, and 7, respectively) and their N-substituted derivatives (1, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 9) as α-adrenergic blocking agents, and the related compounds, 2, 3-dimethoxy-, 2, 3-methylenedioxy-, and 11-methoxy-5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydrodibenz [c, e] azocines (10, 11, and 12, respectively) were synthesized by intramolecular cyclization of the corresponding amino-alcohols (30a-f) via the corresponding bromo-amines (16a-f). The preparation of the nitrovinyl compounds (19a-f) as startnig materials for the amino-alcohols was investigated. The conformation of these azocines was discussed in relation to nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data.View full abstractDownload PDF (1189K) -
TOSHIO MIYAZAKI, NAOKO OIKAWA, HARUKI YAMADA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3324-3328
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWater-soluble polysaccharide from ascocarps of Cordyceps sinensis was purified by ethanol fractionation and gel filtration. Purified polysaccharide, CS-I, [α] D-45.3°(c=1, H2O), gave D-galactose (phenylosazone, mp 185-187°) and D-mannose (phenyl-hydrazone, mp 199-200°) in a molar ratio of 1 : 1 by acid hydrolysis. From the results of periodate oxidation, Smith-type degradation, methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis, and 13C-NMR spectrometry, it is concluded that CS-I is a highly branched galactomannan which consists of mannan core and galactosyl oligomer containing branches. The mannan core mainly contains (1→2)-α-linked-D-mannopyranosyl residues, and the branches contain (1→3), (1→5), and (1→6)-linked-D-galactofuranosyl, (1→4)-linked-D-galactopyranosyl residues. The non-reducing ends are D-galactofuranose and D-manno-pyranose, and the branching points are D-mannopyranosyl residues.View full abstractDownload PDF (653K) -
MITSUAKI MAEDA, OSAMU OGAWA, YUTAKA KAWAZOE1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3329-3333
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVarious classes of aliphatic amines including amino acids were catalytically deuterated in D2O in the presence of Adams platinum at 30°and 100°. The positions deuterated depended on the chemical structure of the amino nitrogen ; α-hydrogens were the most stable in primary amines, while they were the most labile in tertiary amines. The reaction profile of secondary amines seems to be intermediate between those of primary and tertiary amines. Quaternary amines did not react under the reaction condition studied. A tentative reaction mechanism was proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (592K) -
HIROSHI YAMANAKA, HIROYUKI ABE, TAKAO SAKAMOTO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3334-3339
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBenzoylation of 2, 4-dimethyl-(Ia), 2, 4, 6-trimethyl-pyrimidine (Ib), 2, 4-dimethyl-quinazoline (Ic), 2, 4-dimethyl-(Id), 2, 4, 6-trimethyl-pyridine (Ie), and 2, 4-dimethyl-quinoline (If) with ethyl benzoate under basic conditions were performed. In analogy with the nitrosation with ethyl nitrite, methyl groups on the 4-position of IIa-f were preferentially benzoylated to give 4-phenacyl derivatives. Structures of all the products were determined by chemical derivatization.View full abstractDownload PDF (786K) -
YOSHINOBU NAKAI, EIHEI FUKUOKA, SHINICHIRO NAKAJIMA, KEIJI YAMAMOTO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3340-3346
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCrystalline medicinals were ground with microcrystalline cellulose by a stainless steel shaker mill. The medicinal changed in their physical properties in grinding the mixture of a 10% medicinal. X-ray reflection lines due to the medicinal decreased in their intensities with the increasing time of grinding. The intensity of characteristic lines was not observed after the 2 hr grinding and halo pattern was obtained. The heat of fusion due to the medicinals was not observed for the 2 hr ground mixture. There was the critical content of medicinals in the ground mixture to show the halo pattern on the X-ray diffractogram and no heat of fusion on the thermogram. The medicinals were released rapidly from the ground mixtures in the aqueous solution and the solution reached the saturated concentration in a very short time. These phenomena occurred in all crystalline medicinals independent of the molecular properties, such as structure, size, and polarity. The residual cellulose, the ground mixture of benzoic acid from which the acid had been released, had the large pore volume of capillaries at about 30-40 A. It was estimated that the medicinal molecules were dispersed within the cellulose as a molecule or a microassembly of the molecules having no preferred orientation. The assembly was probably isolated being enclosed by the cellulose molecules which were bound by hydrogen bond. The ground mixture may be regarded as an"entropy frozen solution, "that is, a medicinal dissolves in cellulose without the ability of molecular translation movement.View full abstractDownload PDF (825K) -
TSUNEMASA AZUMA, KIYOSHI ISONO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3347-3353
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTransglycosylation from acylated pyrimidine nucleoside to purines was originally developed by Miyaki, et al. To apply this method to the naturally occurring pyrimidine nucleosides having a labile sugar moiety, we studied the improvement of this reaction. As model compounds, tri-O-acetyl-3-benzoyluridine (1) and tetraacetylcytidine (2) were employed. Reaction conditions and yields were greatly improved by utilizing (1) trimethylsilyl derivatives of exo-N-acylpurines as a glycosyl acceptor, (2) trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate as a catalyst in acetonitrile-dichloroethane. Because of the mild reaction conditions and high yield, this procedure may be regarded as a versatile method for transglycosylation, which was shown by the successful preparation of purine analogs of the polyoxin and octosyl acid nucleosides having labile amino-or anhydrosugar uronic acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (861K) -
KENICHI HIRAO, SHIGENORI UNNO, HIDETOSHI MIURA, OSAMU YONEMITSU1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3354-3359
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe photochemical behavior of tricyclo [5. 2. 2. 02, 6] undeca-3, 10-dien-9-one ring system (4), which was prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of cyclohexadienone derivatives and cyclopentadiene, has been studied under triplet sensitization and direct irradiation. In the triplet state, this ring system undergoes the oxa-di-π-methane (ODPM) rearrangement, while the 1, 3-acyl migration occurs from the singlet state. The triplet energy was estimated to be between 70 and 72 kcal/mol on the basis of sensitization by various sensitizers.View full abstractDownload PDF (712K) -
MASANORI SAKAMOTO, KYOKO MIYAZAWA, YOSHIO TOMIMATSU1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3360-3365
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReaction of several conjugated C-N double bond compounds with diketene was carried out with a view to establishing the structure-reactivity relationship of the 1, 3-diaza-1, 3-butadiene system. Formamidine derivatives (IIIa-h) reacted with diketene in benzene to form the products (Va-h) through 1, 4-dipolar cycloaddition with the elimination of dimethylamine, respectively. Similarly, reaction of diketene with 2-(p-dimethylaminobenzylideneamino) benzothiazole (IXa) and 2-(p-dimethylaminobenzylideneamino) benzimidazole (IXb) respectively afforded 3-acetyl-2-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-2, 3-dihydro-4-oxo-4H-pyrimido [2, 1-b] benzothiazole (Xa) and 3-acetyl-2-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-2, 3-dihydro-4-oxo-4H-pyrimido-[1, 2-a] benzimidazole (Xb).View full abstractDownload PDF (664K) -
NOBORU HIGASHI, HIROFUMI ARIMURA, HIDEYUKI ISHIKAWA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3366-3369
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn apprehension for virus contaminant cannot be completely eliminated from urokinase (plasminogen activator) preparation originated from human urine theoretically. In this experiment the effect of heat-treatment of urokinase at 60°for 10 hr on infectivity of viruses added intentionally to urokinase samples was investigated. (1) Ten kinds of viruses used were completely inactivated within 5 hr of incubation at 60°. (2) Decrease of urokinase activity due to heat-treatment was avoided by adding albumin as a stabilizer.View full abstractDownload PDF (467K) -
SEIGO SAWADA, TADASHI MIYASAKA, KIICHI ARAKAWA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3370-3375
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeventeen 3-(substituted-phenyl) thiazolo [2, 3-b] benzothiazolium perchlorates (3) were synthesized by acid-cyclization of the ketosulfides (2), which were prepared by alkylation of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole sodium salt with substituted phenacyl halides (1). Some of the phenacyl halides were prepared by chloroacetylation of substituted benzenes, and the others by bromination of the corresponding substituted acetophenones.View full abstractDownload PDF (706K) -
TOSHINOBU AOYAMA, TOMOHIDE MAEDA, MASAYOSHI HORIOKA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3376-3380
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of humidity and water content on the degradation of propantheline bromide mixed with dried aluminum hydroxide gel was examined. Degradation of propantheline bromide in this system is accelerated with increasingly higher humidity until under 75% RH and decreased under more high humidity, and was the most marked when 0.2 ml of water was added per 5 g of the mixture. Degradation became slower as the amount of water added became greater or smaller than that. Addition of 0.2 ml/5 g of water means that water molecule forms a monolayer on the surface of dried aluminum hydroxide gel. Since the gel used orginally contained 4% of water, addition of 0.2 ml/5 g means that two layers of water molecule were formed on the surface of the gel. Degradation of propantheline bromide is most marked when water molecule forms a monolayer to several layers on the surface of the gel. This degradation was assumed to be initiated through the layer on the surface of dried aluminum hydroxide gel.View full abstractDownload PDF (628K) -
MITSUYOSHI MATSUO, YOSHIYUKI TAHARA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3381-3384
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh performance liquid chromatography was employed to rapidly separate tocopherols and their model compounds, chroman-6-ols. Good separation of these compounds was obtained. By use of naphthalene as an internal standard, tocopherol was exactly quantitated in the range from 0.3 to 3.0 μg. Tocopherols and a model compound dispersed in a cell culture medium were analysed with ease.View full abstractDownload PDF (552K) -
KEIICHI ITO, REIKO KOMAKI, MINORU SEKIYA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3385-3388
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs N-functionalized derivatives of amino acids [chemical formula] N-alkylthiomethyl (X=RS) and N-amidomethyl (X=RCONH) derivatives have been furnished by the reaction among XH, formaldehyde, and amino acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (547K) -
MASAKO TAKANI, MACHIKO NAKANO, KOTARO TAKAHASHI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3388-3390
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS(+)-Catechin-7β-D-glucopyranoside was isolated from the wooden part of Schizandra nigra MAXView full abstractDownload PDF (486K) -
KUNISUKE NAGAMATSU, YASUMASA KIDO, GORO URAKUBO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3390-3394
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA sensitive and specific method of radioimmunoassay for 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM) was developed, using anti-DOM antiserum obtained by immunizing guinea pig with DOM-glutaraldehyde-HSA conjugate and 125I-N-succinyl-DOM-tyrosine methylester (125I-DOM) as a labeled hapten. DOM, 125I-DOM and antibody came up to equilibrium over 15 hours at 4°of the incubation time in the radioimmunoassay system at pH 7.4 in phosphate buffer. Bound 125I-DOM was precipitated with satd. (NH4)2SO4 and the radioactivity of the bound labeled hapten was determined by γ-counting. The displacement curve was linear when the percentage binding of 125I-DOM was plotted against logarithmic increase of unlabeled DOM from 1 to 100 ng. The antiserum showed less affinity for various phenylisopropylamine derivatives and biogenic amines and there was no interfering substance in a normal serum.View full abstractDownload PDF (551K) -
SUSUMU NAKANISHI, ELWOOD V. JENSEN1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3395-3397
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reaction of fluorinated steroidal enamines with perchloryl fluoride furnished 2, 2-difluoro-and 2, 2, 4α-trifluorinated steroids. Changes in infrared absorption frequency due to the introduction of fluorine are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (472K) -
SUSUMU NAKANISHI, ELWOOD V. JENSEN1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3398-3400
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSteroid alcohols are converted to their chloroformate esters by reaction with phosgene in the presence of a base. Replacement of chlorine by fluorine takes place smoothly by treatment with anhydrous thallous fluoride in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether. Significant shifts in the positions of both infrared spectra-carbonyl and carbon-oxygen single bond absorption frequency due to the fluorine are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (472K) -
YORISHIGE IMAMURA, HISASHI ICHIBAGASE1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3400-3405
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of plasma-protein binding displacement on the intestinal absorption of sulfonamides in rabbits was investigated by using salicylic acid and phenylbutazone as displacing drugs. Salicylic acid and phenylbutazone significantly reduced the in situ intestinal absorption of sulfadimethoxine that showed high binding to plasma proteins. These two displacing drugs also enhanced the in situ intestinal exsorption of sulfadimethoxine. However, salicylic acid and phenylbutazone showed no significant effect in the transport of sulfadimethoxine from mucosal to serosal side solution through the intestinal membrane or the uptake of sulfadimethoxine by the intestinal preparation in vitro. In addition, salicylic acid and phenylbutazone did not affect the in situ intestinal absorption and exsorption of sulfanilamide that showed little binding to plasma proteins. From these results, it is concluded that the displacement of one drug from its plasma-protein binding sites by another drug is an important determinant affecting drug absorption.View full abstractDownload PDF (756K) -
FUJIO KAMETANI, YASUKO SUMI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3405-3408
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBinding affinities of five 4-substituted benzenesulfonyl propylureas to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated by equilibrium dialysis method. Those of chlorpropamide (CPU) to BSA was also investigated by dynamic dialysis method using 35S labelled CPU. Results of both methods agreed very well. Binding paramethers of these compounds to BSA were obtained assuming that there were two classes of binding sites. CPU and 4-iodobenzenesulfonyl propylurea were bound to BSA stronger than benzenesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfonyl and 4-aminobenzenesulfonyl propylureas with regard to the primary binding site.View full abstractDownload PDF (548K) -
MASAO YOSHIZAKI, TSUYOSHI TOMIMORI, TSUNEO NAMBA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3408-3409
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSix flavonoids ; luteolin-7-glucoside, isoquercitrin, vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, and homo-orientin were isolated from the leaves of Gleditsia japonica MIQUEL and G. sinensis LAMARCK.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
YASUKO NAKAMURA, MINORU OHTA, YOSHIO UENO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3410-3414
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInteraction of the 12, 13-epoxytrichothecenes and related mycotoxins with epoxide hydrolase and glutathione-S-transferase (GSH-S-transferase) from rat liver was examined in vitro. Neither hydrolysis of safrole oxide by the microsomal epoxide hydrolase nor conjugation of 2, 3-epoxy-(p-nitrophenoxy) propane with GSH by the soluble GSH-S-transferase was interfered with the trichothecenes such as T-2 toxin and fusarenon-X. Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) analysis and colorimetric determination of the residual GSH revealed that the trichothecenes were inert to the partially purified GSH-S-transferase. In contrast to the trichothecenes, PR-toxin, an epoxide mycotoxin from Penicillium roqueforti, and lactones such as patulin and penicillic acid from Penicillium and Aspergillus spp., were found to react non-enzymatically with GSH in molar ratio of 1 : 1.View full abstractDownload PDF (594K) -
TOSHIO NAMBARA, SHIGEO IKEGAWA, HIDEKI ISHIDA, HIROSHI HOSODA1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3415-3418
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe stereochemistry of the hydrogen addition at C-4 in the microbial 5α-hydrogenation of a ⊿4-3-ketosteroid has been investigated. 4-d1-4-Androstene-3, 17-dione was converted by incubation with Penicillium decumbens into 5α-androstane-3, 17-dione. The position of deuterium retained in the product was elucidated to be 4α by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using the lanthanide shift reagent. These results led to the conclusion that the hydrogen addition at C-4 occurs stereospecifically from the β-side in this biotransformation.View full abstractDownload PDF (561K) -
HIDENOBU OHMORI, CHIHIRO UEDA, MASAICHIRO MASUI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3419-3422
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectronic spectra of twenty four α-cyanobenzylideneanilines (I) were measured in ethanol. The effects of substituents on the spectra suggested that the electronic interaction of the two phenyl rings in I is stronger than that in the corresponding benzylideneanilines owing to the electron-withdrawing effect of the α-cyano group.View full abstractDownload PDF (549K) -
FUMIKO ABE, HIKARU OKABE, TATSUO YAMAUCHI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3422-3424
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCerbinal, yellow pigment having iridoid skeletal with Δ3, 5, 7, 9 (1)-tetraene, and 10-formyl and 11-carbomethoxy residues, was isolated along with 10-carboxy-(cerberic acid) and 11-carboxy-(cerberinic acid) derivatives from the bark of Cerbera manghas L.View full abstractDownload PDF (468K) -
YOKO SAKIYA, MANABU HANANO, YOSHIKO MIYAUCHI, HIROKO SAKAI1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3425-3432
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study was made by the in situ recirculating perfusion technique as to the effect of urea (0.1, 0.5, 1.0M) on the absorption of salicylic acid, benzoic acid and aminopyrine in rat intestinal tract. The addition of 0.5 or 1.0M urea resulted in increased drug permeability of the gill of gold fish, while that of 1.0M urea significantly decreased intestinal drug absorption clearance. With urea added to a perfusate, its osmotic pressure was elevated and the water flux from the intestine to the blood was decreased. A significant correlationship existed with a positive regression coefficient between water flux and clearance. Similarly, both water flux and clearance were reduced by adding NaCl so as to give the same tonicity as 1.0M urea. This effect was not significantly different from that of adding 1.0M urea. From these observations it is concluded that urea has no such effect in rat intestines as is observed in gold fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (940K) -
KENJI SUGIBAYASHI, YASUNORI MORIMOTO, TANEKAZU NADAI, YOSHIO KATO1977 Volume 25 Issue 12 Pages 3433-3434
Published: December 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAfter intravenous injection in mice, 5-fluorouracil-6-3H entrapped in albumin microspheres localized mainly in the liver, and the disappearance rate of radioactivity in microspheres from the tissue was very slow in comparison with that of free drug. Such preferential localization and sustained release of entrapped drugs suggested that albumin microspheres are useful as drug-carrier in chemotherapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (397K)