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Volume 37, Issue 3
Displaying 1-50 of 72 articles from this issue
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Hirosi SAKAGUCHI, Shin YOSHII, Yoichi IITAKA, Yuzuru SAKABE, Kimio FUR ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 569-572
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Pt(II) and Pt(IV) complexes of 2-hydrazino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine (LH) were synthesized and their structures investigated.We found that Pt(II) and Pt(IV) ions form novel 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 complexes with LH, respectively.The Pt(II) complex of LH, [PtIICl2(LH)], is a square planar complex with a Pt(II) coordination number of four.On the other hand, in the [PtIVCl6](LHH)2 complex, one [PtIVCl6]2- group forms a double salt with two LHH+ molecules which are connected to each other by hydrogen bonds as shown by X-ray structure determination. Crystals of [PtIVCl6](LHH)2, C10H18Cl6N8O2Pt, belong to the space group P1^- with the unit cell dimensions, a=6.825(2), b=11.496(4), c=6.775(2)Å, a=101.17(3)°, γ=85.69(3)°, V=506.(3)Å3 and Z=1. The atomic parameters were refined to a final R value of 0.050 for 4441 reflections.The Pt(IV) ion is situated at the crystallographic center of symmetry.Six ligated Cl- ions and two protonated LHH+ are arranged symmetrically around the Pt(IV) ion, and the [PtIVCl6]2- complex ion takes an octahedral cooldination geometry.View full abstractDownload PDF (646K) -
Minoru Tsuda, Setsuko Oikawa1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 573-575
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe direct formation of ketene occurs in a concerted fashion with the nitrogen loss reaction in the Wolff rearrangement of both cyclic and open-chain 2-diazoketones.The mechanism proposed the previous paper generalized to cover a wider range of experiments.No ketocarbone intermediate is produced in any case.View full abstractDownload PDF (469K) -
Kazunobu HARANO, Ikuo SHINOHARA, Shin-ichiro SUGIMOTO, Toshikazu MATSU ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 576-581
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reaction of O-alkyl S-methyl dithiocarbonates (xanthates) (I) with pyridine N-oxides (II) gave the corresponding S-alkyl S-methyl dithiocarbonates (dithiolcarbonate) (III) together with the symmetric S, S-dialkyl and S, S-dimethyl dithiocarbonates in good yieds. Pyridine N-oxides bearing electron-donating substituents are efficient catalysts for rearrangement of I to III.The reaction is pseudo-first-order and the apparent first-order rate constant is proportional to the concentration of II.The role of pyridine N-oxides and the reaction behavior of O, S-dialkyl dithiocarbonates are discussed on the basis of kinetic and molecular orbital calculation data.The rearrangement may proceed by nucleophilic attack of -SCOSR derived from a complex of I and II on the O-alkyl group of xanthates.The reaction provides a useful preparation method for alkanethiols by aminolysis of the products with ethanolamine.View full abstractDownload PDF (812K) -
Yun-Lian LIN, Yueh-Hsiung KUO1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 582-585
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour new neoclerodane-type diterpenoids, scutellones, B, G, H, and I, have been isolated from aerial parts of Scutellaria rivularis WALL., and their structures elucidated on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (704K) -
Mikiko SODEOKA, Yuji OGAWA, Toshiaki MASE, Masakatsu SHIBASAKI1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 586-598
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn efficient and useful synthesis of isocarbacyclins, potent carbon analogs of Prostacyclin(PGI2), has been accomplished.Three synthetic routes to isocarbacyclins using intramolecular thermal ene reaction or intramolecular aldol condensation as a key step are described.View full abstractDownload PDF (1883K) -
Yasutoshi KAWASE, Shigenori IWAI, Eiko OHTSUKA1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 599-601
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEight dodecauncleotides, each containing deoxynosine or deoxyguanosine at a pairing position to one of the four major deoxynuclesides, d(CGCIAATTNGCG)or d(CGCGAATTNGCG)(N=dA, dC, dG and dT), were synthesized by the phosphotriester method in solution. Purification methods which were suitable for milligram quantities of oligonucleotides were established.The thermal stabilities of these duplexes and the circular dichroism spectra suggested that the dodecamers formed duplexes similar to B-deoxyribonucleic acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (561K) -
Hiromichi FUJIOKA, Masahiro FUJI, Yoshihiko OKAICHI, Takayuki YOSHIDA, ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 602-605
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNucleophilic addition of organometallic reagents [organocerium reagents (RMgX-CeCl3, RLi-CeCl3), Grignard reagent, and organolithium reagents] to the chiral α-aldoxime-ether acetal (1) was studied.Among the reagents, organocerium reagents showed higher reactivity and stereoselectivity, giving the N-oxygenated chiral amine derivatives (6Aa-c) in a highly diastereoselective manner, whereas Grignard and organolithium reagents afforded no 6.As an application of the reaction, the synthesis of (-)-N-acetylamphetamine (11) was achieved.View full abstractDownload PDF (766K) -
Eiichi KOTANI, Shigeki KOBAYASHI, Mayumi ADACHI, Toshiyuki TSUJIOKA, K ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 606-609
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOxazoles having functionalized carbon substituents at the C-2 position were synthesized in one step by the oxidation of ketones with iron(III) solvates of nitriles, i.e., Fe(RCN)6(ClO4)3 (solvate A) or Fe(RCN)6(FeCl4)3 (solvate B), in the corresponding nitriles.View full abstractDownload PDF (610K) -
Shigeki KOBAYASHI, Eiichi KOTANI, Yoko ISHII, Seisho TOBINAGA1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 610-614
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOxygenation reactions of olefins having an endo- or exo-cyclic double bond, namely, cyclohexene, norbornene, camphene, longifolene, and ent-kaurene, with a simple model reagent, Fe(MeCN)2+6-H2O2-Ac2O, for mono-oxygenase were investigated in connection with their biotransformations.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
Mitsuhiro TAKESHITA, Sachiko YOSHIDA, Rieko KIYA, Naoko HIGUCHI, Yumi ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 615-617
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reduction of the nitro group of aromatic nitro compounds with baker's yeast was strongly influenced by the nature of the substituent on nitrobenzene, and in the reaction of acyl nitrobenzenes, selective reduction occurred to give optically active nitro alcohol and amino ketone without giving any amino alcohol.View full abstractDownload PDF (464K) -
Chihoko IIJIMA, Tomiko KYO1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 618-620
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS2-Quinoxalinyl thiocyanate (1) possesses four electrophilic sites, i.e., 2-position, 3-position, sulfur and cyano carbon, to receive nucleophilic attack.Grignard reagents attacked preferentially the sulfur atom to give sulfides (8-12).These sulfides were readily oxidazed to sulfoxides (13-17) with sodium bromite in acetic acid.Hydroxide and ethoxide ions were found to attack preferably the cyano carbon to give thiol (2), while amines (butylamine, piperidine and morpholine) and ethyl cyanoacetate carbanion attacked the carbon at the 2-position to afford the corresponding ipso-substitution products (4-7).View full abstractDownload PDF (563K) -
Kunizo ARAI, Yasuji AOKI, Yuzuru YAMAMOTO1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 621-625
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe isolation and structures of two new dimeric tetrahydroanthracene derivatives, named asperinines A (1) and B (2), are described.These compounds are the atropisomers of asperflavin(5)-viocristin(10').View full abstractDownload PDF (724K) -
Koohei NOZAWA, Setsuko SEKITA, Masatoshi HARADA, Shun-ichi UDAGAWA, Ke ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 626-630
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlong with paspalinine (3), aflatrem (4), aflavinine (5), and dihydroxyaflavinine (6), two new indoloditerpenes, monohydroxyaflavinine (7) and monohydroxyisoaflavinine (8), were isolated from the methylene chloride extract of a microsclerotium-producting strain of Aspergillus flavus, which has activity to produce aflatoxins.The structures of the above compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic investigations and X-ray crystal analyses of monohydroxyaflavinine (7) acetone solvate and monohydroxyisoaflavinine (8).View full abstractDownload PDF (854K) -
Masaru KOBAYASHI, Katsunori OSABE1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 631-636
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEight new cembranoids, sarcophytol M (3), sarcophytol N (9a), sarcophytol J (11a), sarcophytol H and its diacetate (15a and 15b), sarcophytol O (18), sarcophytol I (19a) and sarcophytol G (24a), and known cembranoids nephthenol (7) and sinulariol D (8), were isolated from the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum.Their structures were determined from the spectroscopic properties and by chemical conversion.Sarcophytol M (3) was found to be the enantiomer of the known compound cembrenol from a terrestrial plant.Sarcophytol N (9a) and sarcophytol J (11a) were the geometrical isomers at C-3 of the major components sarcophytol A (1a) and sarcophytol B (2a), which are potent anti-tumor-promoters.Sarcophytol H and sarcophytol O were identical with the diols 15a and 18, respectively, which were previously synthesized from 1a.Sarcophytol I (19a) and sarcophytol G (24a) were the diastereoisomers of the known compounds sarcophytol E (22a) and sarcophytol D (21a), respectively, and their absolute configurations were determined by chemical conversion of two 11, 12E-epoxides (20 and 23).View full abstractDownload PDF (1142K) -
Sachiko TSUKAMOTO, Koh KANEKO, Koji HAYASHI1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 637-641
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSD-Diginose and L-diginose (2, 6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-lyxo-hexose) have been separated as the carbamoyl derivatives of the methyl glycosides by higy-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a chiral column (SUMIPAX OA-4100).In the cases of other 2, 6-dideoxyhexoses, cymarose, oleandrose, and digitoxose, this column was more suitable for the enantiomeric separation than the column previously used (SUMIPAX OA-1000).The enantiomeric mixtures of cymarose obtained from Cynanchum wilfordi glycosides were analyzed by using the SUMIPAX OA-4100 column.Further, the enantiomers of rhamnose and lyxose have been separated as the carbamoyl derivatives of the acetonides by means of the chiral column.View full abstractDownload PDF (863K) -
The Norrish Type II Reaction of Thiophthalimides Having a Benzylic Hydrogen in an N-Alkyl Side ChainKazuaki ODA, Eiichi YOSHIDA, Kosei OHNO, Minoru MACHIDA, Yuichi KANAOK ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 642-647
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUpon irradiation, thiophthalimides (4 and 5) possessing an N-ω-phenylalkyl substituent undergo the Norrish type II cyclization to give tricyclic isoindole derivatives (6-8).In the case of thiophthalimides (11) possessing an indene in the N-side chain, two competitive pathways, the Norrish type II and a Paterno-Buchi like type, were observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (805K) -
Atsushi NUMATA, Peiming YANG, Chika TAKAHASHI, Ryoko FUJIKI, Michiko N ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 648-651
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBioactivity-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of Goreichi (the feces of Trogopterus xanthipes MILNE-EDWARDS) afforded one new and three known cytotoxic triterpenes, namely, 3-O-cis-p-coumaroyltormentic acid, pomolic acid, 2α-hydroxyursolic acid, and jacoumaric acid.In the course of this investigation, six additional compounds having no cytotoxic activity were isolated, namely, maslinic acid, 3-O-trans-p-coumaroylmaslinic acid, ursolic acid, tormentic acid, euscaphic acid, and a new triterpene, 3-O-trans-p-coumaroyltormentic acid. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of X-nucleus-proton correlation with fixed evolution time (XCORFE) and other spectroscopic evidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (672K) -
Takehiro SANO, Yoshie HORIGUCHI, Kazuhiko TANAKA, Ken-ichi ABE, Yoshis ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 652-659
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS7-Mono- and 7, 7-disubstituted 5-ethoxycarbonyl-1-phenyl-2-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-3, 4-diones undergo epimerization at C-7 when treated when treated with base. Experiments using the stereospecifically deuterium labeled compound 6 showed that the inversion of stereochemistries at C-6 and C-7 took place simutaneously in this reaction, thus proving that the reaction proceeded through C1-C5 bond fission and recyclization. The suggested intermediate 10 with a highly strained seven membered ring would give either the C7 epimerized product by a fast recombination or irreversibly give the dihydroazatropolones 9 by a trans- to cis- isomerization of the C=N double bond. Kinetic treatments showed that the latter reaction is slower than the former equilibrium reaction.The analogous 7-epimerization reaction observed in the hydride reduction of the 4-oxo group and in the photolysis of the imidate 24 was proved to proceed with a similar mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1022K) -
Yuichi YOSHIMURA, Akira MATSUDA, Tohru UEDA1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 660-664
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new synthetic route to 6, 6'-cyclo-5', 6'-dideoxy-1-(β-D-allofuranosyl)-uracil, -cytosine, and -4-thiouracil is described. The method involves a base-catalyzed condensation of 2, 4-dimethoxy-6-methylpyrimidine and 1-O-methyl-2, 3-O-isopropylidene-β-D-ribopentofuranosyldialdehyde, followed by an intramolecular glycosylation, and derivatization of the base moiety. The relationship of the sign of the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of carbon-bridged cyclopyrimidine nucleosides to the glycosyl torsion angle is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (800K) -
Masayuki SATO, Nobuya KATAGIRI, Kazuhisa TAKAYAMA, Masatoshi HIROSE, C ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 665-669
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA novel method for the synthesis of so far unknown 1, 3-dioxin-4-ones having a carboxyl group at the 5-position is described. Reaction of formyl Meldrum's acid and an alcohol in an aprotic solvent at 50-60°C gave the corresponding half esters of formylmalonic acid. Treatment of the latter with appropriate ketones in acetic anhydride containing a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid gave the desired dioxinone-5-carboxylates.Successful conversion of these 1, 3-dioxin-4-ones either to 1, 3-oxazine-2, 4-dione or uracil derivatives having an alkoxycarbonyl group at the 5-position demonstated that these dioxinones can serve as chemical equivalents for alkoxycarbonylformylketenes.The fact that 5-benzyloxycarbonyl-1, 3-dioxin-4-one can readily be transformed to the so far unknown 5-aminodioxinone derivative indicates further the importance of the dioxinone having a carboxyl group at the 5-position as a new building block for heterocyclic compounds.View full abstractDownload PDF (760K) -
Noriya OHTA, G.Thompson BURKE, Panayotis G. KATSOYANNIS1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 670-674
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe synthesis and biological evaluation of [2-Valine-A] insulin ([Val2-A]insulin) is reported. In this insulin, the isoleucine residue in position A2, invariant in the majority of mammalian insulins, is substituted by valine. The same substitution, along with four others, occurs naturally in the insulin produced by the owl monkey. Owl monkey insulin exhibits ca. 20% of the activity of porcine insulin in in vitro insulin assays using human cells in culture.[Val2-A]insulin displays 20-22% of the activity of bovine insulin in in vitro insulin assays using rat liver plasma membranes or isolated rat adipocytes. We suggest that the substitution of valine for isoleucine at position A2 is responsible for all or most of the diminution in potency of owl monkey insulin relative to porcine insulin. The data are discussed with regard to previous findings with insulin analogues in which isolecine A2 was replaced with norleucine, glycine and alanine.View full abstractDownload PDF (803K) -
Philippe HELISSEY, Sylviane GIORGI-RENAULT, Jean RENAULT, Suzanne CROS1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 675-679
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS4-Chloro-8-methoxy-11H-indolo[3, 2-c]quinoline could be obtained from 8-chloro-2, 3-dihydro-1H-quinolin-4-one and 4-methoxyphenylhydrazine by applying Fischer's indole synthesis. Its nitration led to the 7-nitro derivative which was reduced to 7-amino-4-chloro-8-methoxy-11H-indolo[3, 2-c]quinoline when Raney nickel was employed as a catalyst and to 7-amino-8-methoxy-11H-indolo[3, 2-c]quinoline when palladium charcoal was used. Oxidation of the amines by potassium nitrosodisulfonate produced the corresponding 11H-indolo[3, 2-c]quinoline-7, 10-diones. Diplacement of the methoxy group by (N, N-diethylamino)ehylamine or by N-methylpiperazine afforded the 8-aminoquinones. The quinones unsubstituted at the 4-position were more cytotoxic than the previously described 2-methoxy-11H-indolo[3, 2-c]-quinoline-1, 4-diones.View full abstractDownload PDF (823K) -
Hiromasa MORI1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 680-683
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe activity of blemycin to break the strand of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the presence of 2-hydroxy-1-ethanethiol (2-mercaptoethanol) was enhanced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Photo-activated blemycin stimulated the action of deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) to degrade DNA and the DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase I with DNase I. On the other hand, although UV-irradiated bleomycin scarcely broke the DNA strand in the presence of 1, 2-benzenediol (catechol), it stimulated the action of DNase I to degrade DNA in the presence of catechol. In accordance with the inhibition by catechol, when DNA treated with UV-irradiated bleomycin in the presence of catechol was employed as a primer for the DNA synthesis, the incorporation of precursor into the acid-insoluble fraction by DNA polymerase I with exonuclease III was reduced to about one-half of the incorporation into DNA treated with unirradiated bleomycin. These findings suggest that the ability of bleomycin to bind to double-helical DNA forming regions sensitive to DNase I was increased by an appropriate dose of UV irradiation and that catechol inhibited the activity of the UV-irradiated bleomycin to break the DNA strand rather than to bind to DNA.View full abstractDownload PDF (656K) -
Yoshinori NISHIKAWA, Tokuhiko SHINDO, Katsumi ISHII, Hideo NAKAMURA, T ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 684-687
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new series of 3-heteroarylacrylamides 2 and 4 was prepared and the inhibitory activities against the rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction and the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) were tested. Most of the compounds exhibited an anti-PCA activity superior to or equivalent to ketotifen and had a 5-LO inhibitory activity. The 3-heteroarylacrylamide derivatives including 3-(3-pyridyl)acrylamides represent a new structural class of compound that exhibits not only an in vivo anti-PCA activity but also an in vitro 5-LO ingibitory activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (671K) -
Shoichi KANATOMO, Tetsuko HASE, Akimori WADA, Kazuhiro OHKI, Sotoo NAG ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 688-691
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive sparsomycin analogs (9-13) were prepared and examined for their ability to inhibit deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in L5178Y lymphoma cells. All of the compounds showed significant activity in the DNA synthesis assay. The compounds having RC configuration exhibited almost the same activities independently of the configuration at the sulfoxide sulfur atom. Among the SC isomers, the RS configuration was advantageous for the appearance of activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (646K) -
Keizo HIRAHARA, Yuko ETOH, Tetsuro MATSUISHI, Nobuo SUZUKI, Munetsugu ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 692-696
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe synergistic effect of antithrombin III (ATIII), activated protein C (APC) and heparin on the tissue thromboplastin (TP)-mediated coagulation cascade was studied. APC prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time of human plasma with increasing APC concentration but affected the prothrombin time only slightly. Neither ATIII nor heparin prolonged the prothrombin time by itself, while a mixture of APC and heparin strongly inhibited the coagulation. When the effects of APC, heparin and ATIII on the TP-mediated coagulation were examied with a solution consisting of prothrombin, factor V, factor VII, factor X and fibrinogen at physiological concentrations, the coagulation time was prolonged only slightly by the APC-heparin or ATIII-heparin mixture. However, the coagulation time was prolonged markedly by simultaneous addition of APC, ATIII and heparin to the solution. Inhibition of thrombin activity by the ATIII-APC-heparin mixture was weak as compared with that by the ATIII-heparin mixture after a 1-min incubation, but after a 2-min incubation the inhibitory activities were equal. Suppression of thrombin activity by the ATIII-APC-heparin mixture was supposed to be due to the inhibition of the interaction between ATIII and heparin on thrombin by APC because the APC-ATIII-heparin complex was detected by crossed immunoelectrophoresis but not by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. When the inhibitory effect of APC alne or the APC-heparin mixture on the platelet prothrombin converting activity (PPCA) was examined, heparin accelerated the PPCA inhibition by APC. These results suggested that the coexistence of APC, ATIII and heparin was essential in the modulation of the TP-mediated coagulation cascade and that the APC-ATIII-heparin, APC-heparin and ATIII-heparin complexes also play an important role in the modulation of the TP-mediaed coagulation cascade.View full abstractDownload PDF (1200K) -
Michio KIMURA, Ichizo OKABAYASHI, Akira KATO1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 697-701
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn an investigation of a new class of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-intercalating antitumor agents, novel acridinyl-substituted uracils have been synthesized and evaluated for activity against L1210 leukemia in vivo, and against bacteria and fungus. These compounds were prepared by the novel enamine reaction between 9-chloroacridines and 6-aminouracils. The positional effects of substituents on the acridine ring showed that compounds bearing electron-withdrawing groups at the 3- or 6-position of the acridine ring were the most active.View full abstractDownload PDF (708K) -
Akimasa SHIBUKAWA, Terumichi NAKAGAWA, Naohiro NISHIMURA, Mamoru MIYAK ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 702-706
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn internal-surface reversed-phase silica column was employed in the frontal analysis method to determine free drug concentration in warfarin (Wf)-bovine serum albumin (BSA) mixed solution and in indometacin(Im)-BSA mixed solution.When a 4-ml portion of aqueous solution containing 2-30 μM Im and 28 μM BSA and a 10-ml portion of aqueous solution containing 0.5-175 μM Wf and 28 μM BSA were applied, the elution curves reached a plateau level corresponding to both free drug and drug-BSA complex (β-plateau), followed by another plateau due to free drug alone (γ-plateau). The drug concentration at the γ-plateau agreed well with the free drug concentraion determined after ultrafiltration of the same solution.The γ-plateau was observed even when the applied volume was reduced to a level which was insufficient to produce the β-plateau. The infection of a 400-μl portion of the 0.5-100 μM Im and 28 μM BSA mixed solution and a 90-μl portion of 50 μM Im and 550 μM BSA mixed solution onto the ISRP silica column gave a clear γ-plateau. Compared to the conventional frontal analysis, the present method can determine a wide range of drug levels with much smaller injection volume. This method is applicable to plasma. By a single frontal analysis, both free and total concentrations of carbamazepine in plasma were determined simultaneously.View full abstractDownload PDF (773K) -
Terumichi NAKAGAWA, Yoshiya ODA, Akimasa SHIBUKAWA, Hisako FUKUDA, His ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 707-711
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectrokinetic chromatography using a fused silica capillary and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution has been applied to the separation and determination of cefpiramide (CPM) in human plasma with the use of antipyrine (AP) as an internal standard. A plasma sample was introduced into the capillary by siphoning. The calibration plot for CPM in plasma sample showed good linearity in the concentration range over 10 to 30 μg/ml. This method has advantages over usual high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in that it needs only a very small volume (<10 nl) of plasma without pretreatment, and an extremely high separation effciency (10 times or much higher plate number than usual HPLC) is obtained. The addition of SDS to the supporting electrolyte solution enabled (1) rapid release of protein-bound drug which allowed the total concentration to be determined, (2) reproducible results to be obtained by suppressing adsorption of protein onto the fused silica capillary and (3) rapid separation of drug from proteins by selective retardation of protein peaks.View full abstractDownload PDF (786K) -
Seiichi INAYAMA, Nobuko SHIMIZU, Tamiko OHKURA, Hiroyuki AKITA, Takesh ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 712-717
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMicrobiological reduction of prochiral 3, 8-dioxo-4-methoxycarbonyl-9-methyl-Δ4(10)-octalin (1ab) with various yeasts was carried out. (+)-(8S)-Hydroxy-4-methoxycarbonyl-(9S)-methyl-3-oxo-Δ4(10)-octalin (2a) was desired as a chiral synthon for the formal total syntheses of certain sesquiterpenoids, e.g. α-costal. This ketol was obtained with high optical purity (>99% ee) when propely selected microorganisms such as Hansenula anomala were used. Another chiral synthon produced in high optical purity, that is, 3, 8-dioxo-4-methoxycarbonyl-(9R)-methyl-Δ4(10)-octalin (1b), was also available for the formal total syntheses of ent-type diterpenoids e.g. zonarol.View full abstractDownload PDF (957K) -
Yoshiko SONODA, Yoshio SEKIGAWA, Yoshihiro SATO1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 718-722
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS27-Nor-24, 25-dihydrolanosterol (27-nor-DHL), 26, 27-dinor-24, 25-dihydrolanosterol (26, 27-dinor-DHL), and 25, 26, 27-trinor-24, 25-dihydrolanosterol (25, 26, 27-trinor-DHL), analogs of 24, 25-dihydrolanosterol (DHL) which have no C-27 carbon, C-26, 27 carbons and C-25, 26, 27 carbons, were converted to the corresponding 14-demethylated products using a reconstituted monooxygenase system from rat liver microsomes which contained cytochrome P-45014DM catalyzing lanosterol 14-demethylation and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-cytochrome P-450 reductase in the presence of NADPH and molecular oxygen. Each metabolite showed a relative retention time (RtR)of 0.72 with respect to each substrate in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a reversed-phase column. Comparison of each gas chromatography-mass spectrum and RtR value with those of the metabolite of DHL, 4, 4-dimethyl-5α-cholesta-8, 14-dien-3β-ol, indicated that the metabolites could be inferred to be 27-nor-4, 4-dimethyl-5α-cholesta-8, 14-dien-3β-ol, 26, 27-dinor-4, 4-dimethyl-5α-cholesta-8, 14-dien-3β-ol, and 25, 26, 27-trinor-4, 4-dimethyl-5α-cholesta-8, 14-dien-3β-ol. However, 24, 25, 26, 27-tetranor- and 23, 24, 25, 26, 27-pentanor analogs of DHL and 20-iso-24, 25-dihydrolanosterol were not metabolized by the reconstituted enzyme system.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
Shinji SOEDA, Hiroshi SHIMENO, Atsuo NAGAMATSU1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 723-728
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBovine serum albumins (BSA), modified with a variety of carboxyl group agents, stimulated the tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA)-catalyzed activation of human plasminogen. Modification with taurine (tau) and putrescine (put) provided the best stimulants. The tauBSA and putBSA were effective at a concentration of 5 μg/ml and enhanced the Lys-plasminogen activation by two-chain t-PA in a dose-dependent manner to a maximum of 44- to 46-fold at 200 μg/ml. The Km values for the activation of Glu-plasminogen by t-PA in the presence of tauBSA and putBSA (100 μg/ml) were 1.7 and 1.8 μM, while the kcat values were 0.059 and 0.062s-1, respectively. T-PA was bound to both tauBSA and putBSA, which were immobilized on agarose beads, with KD values of 163 and 138 nM, respectively. The two modified BSAs were good substrates for plasmin and were hydrolyzed by the enzyme to small peptides. All of these modified BSA-related actions were inhibited by lysine analogs (e.g. tranexamic acid) which were adjusted to the concentrations required for the inhibition of the plasminogen (Kringle 1 domain) binding to fibrin. On the other hand, acetylation or succinylation of the amino groups of BSA was not effective, while alkylation of the thiol groups of this protein resulted in a moderate simulation of the plasmin generation. The present results show that t-PA and plasminogen form complexes with certain charge-modified BSAs via their lysine-binding sites. The different stimulation potency of modified BSAs may provide a model for in vivo counterparts of fibrin.View full abstractDownload PDF (1022K) -
Yukiko KONAMI, Tsutomu TSUJI, Satoshi TOYOSHIMA, Isamu MATSUMOTO, Tosh ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 729-731
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe binding to normal and sialidase-treated human erythocytes of six 125I-labeled lectins [Ulex europeus lectin I (UEA-1) and II (UEA-II), Laburnum alpinum lectins I (LAA-I) and II (LAA-II), and Cytisus multiflorus lectins I (CMA-I) and II (CMA-II)], was studied in detail. Quantitative inhibition assays of the lectin binding to the cells were also performed with various human milk oligosaccharides as inhibitors. Based on a comparison of the inhibition constants of the inhibitors thus obtained with the association constants of the lectins to the cells, the relative activities of cell surface blood group antigens toward the lectins are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (595K) -
Kiyohito YAGI, Kouichi HIROTA, Shinji YAMASAKI, Akiko UWAI, Yoshiharu ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 732-734
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBovine lung thrombomodulin was partially purfied, and immobilized on agarose gel (Sepharose 4B). Immobilized thrombomodulin inhibited the procoagulant activity of thrombin, and enhanced the thrombin-catalyzed protein C activation. The plasma recalcification time test showed that immobilized thrombomodulin prolonged plasma clotting time. It is suggested that the immobilization of thrombomodulin will provide an antithrombogenic biomaterial able to convert thrombin from a procoagulant to an anticoagulant enzyme.View full abstractDownload PDF (572K) -
Mitsuteru NUMAZAWA, Masachika TSUJI, Ayako MUTSUMI, Masao NAGAOKA1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 735-737
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS6-Bromoacetoxyandrostenediones (1 and 2) and 17β-bromoacetoxy-4-androsten-3-one having a 6β-bromo (3), 6-keto (4), 6β-methoxyl (5) substituent were evaluated as mechanism-based inactivators of human placental aromatase. All of these compounds except the 6α-bromoacetate 1 showed a time-dependent, pseudo-first-order inactivation of aromatase in the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) with apparent Ki's of 40, 50, 30, and 34 μM and kinact's of 0.048, 0.364, 0.267, and 0.040 min-1, respectively, for compounds 2, 3, 4, and 5. The enzyme inactivation with compounds 3 and 4 was blocked by the addition of the substrate androstenedione to the incubates, and NADPH and oxygen were required for their effective time-dependent inactivation.View full abstractDownload PDF (523K) -
Influence of Specific Gravity and Food on Movement of Granules in the Gastrointestinal Tract of RatsMasaaki MORI, Yoshimi SHIRAI, Yuko UEZONO, Terutaka TAKAHASHI, Yasuhik ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 738-741
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe suitability of rats as an animal model for estimating the bioavailability of controlled-release granules in humans was investigated. Non-disintegrating granules (diameter of 0.8 mm; specific gravity of 0.9-1.85) were used as a model preparation. Twenty granules were administered to fed rats, fasted rats and rats given soft food, and the number of granules remaining in the gastrointestinal tract was counted at suitable intervals.Granules with a specific gravity of 1.25 administered to fasted rats were rapidly emptied from the stomach with a 50% gastric emptying time of 1 h as compared with granules with a specific gravity of less than 1.0 or with a high specific gravity such as 1.85. The presence of food in the stomach reduced the emptying rate of granyles. The mean transit time of granules through the small intestinal tract was not influenced by the specific gravity or the presence of food. The mean transit time was about 3 h.It was found that the transit profile of granules through the gastrointestinal tract in rats was similar to that of granules in humans. Accordingly, it is possible to use rats at the preformulation stage for estimating the bioavailability of controlled-release granules in humans.View full abstractDownload PDF (682K) -
Taro IZUMI, Takayasu KITAGAWA1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 742-745
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBinding of cinoxain (CINX), nalidixic acid (NA) and pipemidic acid (PPA) to serum proteins was investigated by equilibrium dialysis, ultrafiltration and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. CINX and NA were found to bind mainly to albumin in human serum, the latter interacting with the protein about ten times as strongly as CINX at pH 7.4 and 37°C. PPA showed little or no significant binding to human serum albumin (HSA), α1-acid glycoprotein, and globulins, but showed 20-30% binding to protein in human serum. The CD results were suggestive of some weak interaction of PPA with human apotransferrin. Binding of the three drugs to HSA was found to depend on the lipophilicity of their substituents at the 7-position. The degree of protein binding for human, dog and rat sera at 37°C was in the order of NA (92-97%)>CINX (68-90%)>PPA (20-30%) at drug concentrations of 10-30μg/ml. CINX showed relatively large species dependence in serum protein binding, which seemed to be due to different affinities of this drug to the respective albumins. CINX was found to bind to rat serum albumin as strongly as NA.View full abstractDownload PDF (681K) -
Taro IZUMI, Takako NAGAYAMA, Takayasu KITAGAWA1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 746-752
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe interaction of cinoxacin (CINX), nalidixic acid (NA), and pipemidic acid (PPA) with human and rat serum albumins (HSA and RSA) was studied by UV difference absorption and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. CINX and NA bound to the albumins and generated difference absorption and induced CD (ICD) spectra. The difference absorption spectral data explained reasonably our previous observations that CINX bound to HSA more weakly than NA, but to RSA as strongly as NA. We used a quantity Δε/ε, designated as relative molar difference absorbance, at positions corresponding to the longest wavelength peaks in the difference spectra. The quantity was found to correlate linearly with percent bound to both HSA and RSA, but with different slopes, from which the binding site for CINX and NA in RSA was supposed to provide a much more nonpolar environment than that in HSA. The magnitude of ICD bands observed at 371 nm for CINX and at 342-348 nm for NA corresponded to the binding degrees of these drugs to both albumins. Anisotropy factors for the ICD bands at 350-271 nm for CINX and 320-348 nm for NA were approximately similar between HSA and RSA, suggesting a similar ability to generate the ICD spectra in these wavelength regions upon binding to the albumins. Spectral results for PPA in albumin solutions showed little or no binding of this drug to HSA and RSA. PPA existed as a betaine form in neutral solution and its positively charged group acted as an unfavorable factor for binding to both albumins.View full abstractDownload PDF (1030K) -
Takanori SAKAI, Tsukasa HAMADA, Norio AWATA, Jun WATANABE1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 753-756
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInterspecies differences in the pharmacokinetics of an antiallergic agent, 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-(hexahydro-4-methyl-1, 4-diazepin-1-yl)benzimidazole difumarate (KG-2413) after intravenous administration were investigated in rats, guinea pigs and dogs. The disappearance of unchanged KG-2413 base was described by biexponential curves in all three animal species. The areas under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC) in rats, guinea pigs and dogs were 218, 421 and 369 ng·h/ml, respectively, at a dose of 2 mg/kg. The volume of distribution in rats was comparable to that in dogs, and was about three times greater than that in guinea pigs. This might be due to the difference in the unbound fractions of KG-2413 base in plasma (fu), that is, the values of fu in rats, dogs and guinea pigs were 0.607, 0.603 and 0.189, respectively. The first-order elimination rate constant from the central compartment (kel) in dogs were smaller than those in rats and guinea pigs. Total body clearances (CLtot) of KG-2413 base in rats and guinea pigs were comparable to the hepatic blood flow rate (Q) of each animal. Assuming that KG-2413 base is only eliminated in the liver, relatively rapid metabolism of KG-2413 base occurred in the liver of rats and guinea pigs. In dogs, extrahepatic elimination was suggested because the value of CLtot seemed to be greater than that of Q.View full abstractDownload PDF (666K) -
Yasuyuki MATSUDA, Toshio SUZUKI, Etsuko SATO, Masako SATO, Satoko KOIZ ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 757-759
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMicrospheres which entrapped PS-K were prepared using Zein as a carrier matrix by a one-step or two-step process in dimethyl sulfoxide-H2O media. Microspheres prepared by the latter process provided satisfactory recovery and uptake of PS-K. Use of a catalytic amount of dl-camphorsulfonic acid, glutaraldehyde and rapid addition of aqueous solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone into the reaction media are crucial for the preparation of fine and mono-dispersed microspheres. The release rate of PS-K could be controlled by altering the ratio of PS-K to Zein and the conditions of the medium. In the presence of actinase E, drug release was considerably increased to 70-80% after 24 h incubation. Sonication of the aggregated microspheres readily yielded a mono-dispersed preparation with a particle diameter of less than 1 μm, which would be a suitable size for phagocytosis by macrophages.View full abstractDownload PDF (760K) -
Shozo ASADA, Sachiko NAGAMINE, Hiroko NAKAE1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 760-765
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pharmacokinetic profiles of the hypoglycemic agent, acetohexamide (AH) and its major active metabolite, hydroxyhexamide (HH) were studied in three species of laboratory animals after intraperitoneal (ipl) administration in comparison with those after intravenous (iv) administration of AH and of the preformed metabolite HH. Reductive biotransformation of AH to HH was reversible in rats and guinea pigs, while it was irreversible in rabbits. The parameters of reversible drug-metabolite pharmacokinetics were calculated, including essential clearances of reversible and irreversible elimination, volumes of distribution at the steady state and sojourn times or turnover rates of the metabolite pair.An interconversion model, which incorporated a first-pass metabolism, was applied to the disposition kinetics of AH and HH, and the available fractions of AH and generated metabolite HH in each species were elucidated.View full abstractDownload PDF (834K) -
Susumu KAWASHIMA, Norio NISHIURA, Tatsumi NOGUCHI, Hiroshi FUJIWARA1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 766-770
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSustained-release suppositories of bacampicillin (BAPC) were prepared by the use of the adduct which was precipitated from an aqueous solution containing BAPC and alginic acid (Alg). As the suppository base, Witepsol H-15 and macrogol were used. Absorptions of BAPC from the suppositories were prolonged in rabbits, but the bioavailabilities were decreased compared to that after administration of BAPC alone. However, these absorptions were improved enormously by the addition of surface-active agents, that is, an excellent prolonged absorption and high bioavailability were obtained.Interestingly, similar prolonged absorption could be obtained only by mixing Alg with BAPC in a suppository base. Further, this absorption rate was found to be controlled by the amount of Alg addition. The absorption profiles from a suppository containing the mixture differed from that containing the adduct in exhibiting both high plasma level and prolonged absorption. This may be due to simultaneous fast absorption of BAPC itself and formation of the adducts. Thus, it seemed that BAPC preparations containing Alg may be practically useful as a rectal preparation with prolonged action and giving a high plasma level.View full abstractDownload PDF (754K) -
Toshio FUJIYOSHI, Hiroyuki IIDA, Motoya MURAKAMI, Miho KUWASHIMA, Tosh ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 771-774
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mode of action of (±)-2-[p-[(2-methylally)amino]phenyl]propionic acid (EB-382) was studied in terms of its antiinflammatory effect. EB-382 displayed a more potent inhibitory effect than that of ibuprofen on carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats, and its inhibitory action was unaffected by adrenalectomy. EB-382 had a less potent inhibitory effect than that of ibuprofen on the prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis of 3T6 mouse fibroblast cells. EB-382 displayed a much more potent inhibitory effect than that of ibuprofen on carrageenin-induced pleurisy in rats. EB-382 exhibited a dosedependent and significant inhibitory effect on the bradykinin and prostaglandin contents released into the pleural cavity in rat pleurisy induced by carrageenin, and its potency was much higher than that of ibuprofen. EB-382 strongly inhibited the leukocyte emigration into the pleural cavity, and its potency was almost equal to that of indomethacin. EB-382 did not affect the kinin-forming enzyme and kininase activities of rat plasma in vitro. The above results suggest that the antiinflammatory effect of EB-382 was probably due to inhibition of the production of bradykinin and prostaglandins derived from emigrating leukocytes in the local inflamed tissue besides a weak inhibitory effect on prostaglandin biosynthesis.View full abstractDownload PDF (704K) -
Toshio FUJIYOSHI, Hiroyuki IIDA, Motoya MURAKAMI, Miho KUWASHIMA, Tosh ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 775-777
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe analgesic mechanism of (±)-2-[p-[(2-methylally)amino]phenyl]propionic acid (EB-382), a new non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, was studied. EB-382 exerted a potent analgesic effect on yeast-induced hyperalgesia in rats and bradykinin-induced writhing in mice, and its potency was superior to that of ibuprofen. EB-382 had a comparatively weak inhibitory effect on the prostaglandin E2 production from arachidonic acid in sheep seminal vesicle microsomal fraction in vitro. EB-382 exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the phospholipase A2 activity in 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells with a different mechanism from steroidal agents, although indomethacin and ibuprofen did not reveal any significant inhibition. EB-382 did not affect the bradykinin-induced contraction of isolated rat uterus. Intracisternal injection of EB-382 did not affect the acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. From these results, it is suggested that the analgesic effect of EB-382 in inflammation is exerted through its direct peripheral action, and inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis via phospholipase A2 rather than cyclooxygenase.View full abstractDownload PDF (590K) -
Tsutomu MIMURA, Hiroshi NAKAJIMA, Kazutake TSUJIKAWA, Naohiro YASUDA, ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 778-780
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBis[2-[(E)-2-octenoylamino]ethyl] disulfide (compd. I-3) inhibited collagen- and arachidonic acid-induced rat platelet aggregation, although not adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP)-induced rat platelet aggregation.Based on these results, we then investigated the inhibitory effect of compd. I-3 on thromboxane B2 formation from arachidonic acid in rat platelets, and prostaglandin I2 formation in rat aortae. Compound I-3 inhibited both thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin I2 formation, suggesting that it has an inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase. The inhibitory effect of compd. I-3 was confirmed in experiments using a crude preparation of sheep seminal vesicle microsomal prostaglandin synthetase. These findings suggested that compd. I-3 has an inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase activity, like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.View full abstractDownload PDF (532K) -
Yukihito KUWAGAKI, Jun-ichi SUDO1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 781-784
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was undertaken to investigate the changes of plasma and urinary levels of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in relation to the alteration of renal activity of glycine amidinotransferase (GAT) in the acute stage of renal failure. Rats received cephaloridine at doses of 0 (control), 100 and 1000 mg/kg body weight. The 100 mg/kg group showed rises in the urinary excretion of GAA from the 2nd to the 4th day, but did not show any changes in the other items determined. The urinary excretion of GAA in the 1000 mg/kg group showed a rise on the 1st day, and a fall on the 3rd day. The renal arginine in the group fell from days 1 to 4. The renal activity of GAT in the group fell from day 2, reached the lowest level on day 3, and reverted to the control level after day 5. These results suggest that the rise in the urinary excretion of GAA on the 1st day was ascribable to an inhibitory effect of cephaloridine on renal reabsorption of GAA, and that the fall in its urinary excretion on the 3rd day was ascribable to the suppression in the renal GAA formation system including GAT, arginine and so on.View full abstractDownload PDF (716K) -
Taiji HAYASHI, Jun-ichi SUDO1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 785-790
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo elucidate the mechanism(s) of the relieving effect of saline on cephaloridine (CER) nephrotoxicity, rats were given CER in equal quantity (1g/kg body weight; i.v.), but at two different concentrations (4 and 25%) in saline. Urinary excretion of glucose, which was investingated as an index for renal proximal tubular injury, revealed that the renal damage was less in the 4% CER 25ml/kg group than in the 25% CER 4ml/kg group. As to urinary excretions of CER, sodium, potassium and water, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the first 2 h, but chloride in the 4% CER 25ml/kg group showed higher values than in the 25% CER 4ml/kg group. Plasma concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride and CER, did not show any definite distinctions between the two groups. At the time-point of 20min after the CER administration, renal CER content was significantly lower in the 4% CER 25ml/kg group than in the 25% CER 4ml/kg group. These results suggest that the sodium ion which is needed for cellular trapping of CER is competitively expended for cellular entry of the chloride ion in the kidney, and that the relieving effect of the saline on CER nephrotoxicity is ascribable to the loaded quantity of chloride ion.View full abstractDownload PDF (926K) -
Kunisuke OKADA, Kiyomatsu HASHIZUME, Hideo TANINO, Hisae KAKOI, Shoji ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 791-793
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo myo-inositol derivatives (4) and (5), required for the total synthesis of surugatoxin, prosurugatoxin, and neosurugatoxin, were prepared. Synthesis of (±)-2, 3-O-cyclohexylidene-4, 5-O-isopropylidene-1-O-methoxymethyl-myo-inositol (4) was achieved from (±)-1-O-benzoyl-2, 3-O-cyclohexylidene-4, 5-O-isopropylidene-myo-inositol (6) in 4 steps, and (-)-2, 3-O-cyclohexylidene-1, 4-di-O-methoxymethyl-5-O-[2', 3', 4'-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl]-myo-inositol (5) was synthesized from (±)-1-O-benzoyl-2, 3-O-cyclohexylidene-5, 6-O-isopropylidene-myo-inositol (12) in 7 steps.View full abstractDownload PDF (647K) -
Yukinori MIYAICHI, Haruhisa KIZU, Tsuyoshi TOMIMORI, Chun-Ching LIN1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 794-797
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom the aerial parts of Scutellaria indica L., five new chalcones (I-V) were isolated, together with (2S)-5, 6, 7, 2', 3', 4', 5'-heptamethoxyflavanone, scutellarein 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, chrysin, apigenin, luteolin, scutellarein, isoscutellarein, chrysin 7-O-glucuronide, apigenin 7-O-glucuronide, scutellarin and isoscutellarein 8-O-glucuronide. The structures of I-V were shown to be 2'-hydroxy-2, 3, 4, 5, 4', 5', 6'-heptamethoxychalcone, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2', 4', 5', 6'-octamethoxychalcone, 2'-hydroxy-2, 3, 4, 5, 6'-pentamethoxy-4', 5'-methylenedioxychalcone, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2', 6'-hexamethoxy-4, 5-methylenedioxychalcone, 2, 2-dihydroxy-3, 4, 5, 6'-tetramethoxy-4', 5'-methylenedioxychalcone, respectively, on the basis of the chemical and spectral data. Compound I has already been synthesized.View full abstractDownload PDF (768K) -
Shoichi SHIROTAKE, Noriyuki INABA, Yoriko OHTA, Naomi SATO, Ichio FUKA ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 798-801
Published: March 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing the avidin-biotin binding system, an enzyme immunoassay procedure was developed to measure the membrane-associated placental tissue protein 1 (MP1) in serum. The standard curve covered the range from 10 to 1000ng/ml of MP1. the intra- and inter-assay coefficient of varations (C.Vs) were less than 5 and 10%, respectively. Recoveries of MP1 added to serum ranged between about 96 and 101%. The MP1 serum level was over 10 and under 112ng/ml in non-pathological men, and under 240ng/ml in non-pathological women. The MP1 level in the ovulatory phase was higher than in other phases of the menstrual cycle. In pregnancies during 6-39 weeks, the MP1 level ranged from 10 to 540ng/ml, and it increased during the third trimester of gestational age. In benign gynecologic diseases, the MP1 concentration in serum ranged from 10 to 215ng/ml. The MP1 levels in benign diseases were compared with those in ovarian malignancies, in endometrial carcinoma, and in uterine cervical cancer. The immunohistochemical location of MP1 was detected in the cell membrane of ovarian cystadenocarcinoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (812K)