Purpose: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is one of the serious complications of totally implantable central venous catheter port (CV port) placement. Malnutrition is a potential risk factor for CRBSI, as it is associated with impaired immunity. However, the nutritional status of patients who develop CRBSIs is poorly documented. This study was conducted to investigate the risk factors, nutritional changes, and treatment options in patients with CRBSI.
Methods: The nutritional status of patients who underwent CV port placement at our institution between January 2012 and October 2019 was retrospectively assessed using the Prognostic Nutritional Index, Controlling Nutritional Status score, and serum albumin level.
Results: Fourteen of a total of 412 patients developed CRBSI. There were no significant differences in the patient characteristics or nutritional status between the patients with and without CRBSIs (CRBSI and non-CRSBI groups, respectively). In the CRBSI group, the nutritional status was maintained until the onset of CRBSI; however, it deteriorated on port removal and took four weeks to normalize. Effective treatment was hampered by diagnostic challenges.
Conclusion: The risk of CRBSI depends more on the method of handling of the CV port than on the patient characteristics or nutritional status. Long-term assessment of nutritional indicators may provide additional information on the effects of CRBSI. Patients should be treated in accordance with a standardized CRBSI protocol while balancing the risks and benefits of each therapeutic procedure used.
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