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Volume 41 (1979 - 198･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 533-
- Issue 3 Pages 351-
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Volume 41, Issue 3
Displaying 1-27 of 27 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 351-352
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (451K) -
On LossKazuo SATO, Kazuo KIDO, Masamitsu NAKANO1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 353-361
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the mechanical losses of the two engines —the eccentric type and the general purpose engine— due to the pumping work in the crankcase and the friction on the gear surface etc.. The conclusions obtained by the theoretical and experimental investigations were as follows;
1. Variation of the amount of the pumping work in the crankcase was small in the range of 2000 to 4000rpm.
2. As the engine speed was up, the mechanical loss was increased.
3. The amount of the loss due to hysteresis of the shaft was small.
4. The amount of the loss of energy transfered from the engine to the bed was small.
The conclusions of (1) and (4) mentioned above were common for the eccentric and the general purpose types. 5. As the engine speed was increased, the friction loss on the gear surface for the eccentric type engine was extremely increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (2295K) -
Measurement of Combustion Pressure and etc.Mitsuo IIMOTO1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 363-368
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present report deals with the measurement of indicator diagram in combustion chamber of engine in order to obtain the best injection timing and pressure, and the measurement of characteristics of lubricating oil after operation for 160 hours under the rated horsepower (3.5/2000rpm).
The results were obtained as follows;
1. By the change of injection timing and pressure, abnormal maximum combustion pressure for the case of using light oil were observed more often than the case of using rape-seed oil.
2. Ignition timing lag in combustion of fuel trended to be more influenced by the change of ignition timing than the difference of fuels.
3. In the case of ignition timing at 14°CA B. T. D. C., ignition pressure was at 90kg/cm2 and under heavy load, the engine performance of using light oil was lower than the case of using rape-seed oil.
The engine performance using rape-seed oil was better than or equal to the case of using light oil from the discussion of indicator diagram and characteristics of lubricating oil. It was anticipated that the rape-seed oil could be put into practice for fuel for diesel engine.View full abstractDownload PDF (1074K) -
Determination of Viscoelastic Constants of SoilAkira OIDA, Kazuhiko YOSHIMURA1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 369-373
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to obtain viscoelastic constants of soil the authors have derived theoretically the constitutive equation for the assumed 3 element Voigt model in mono axial stress state.
Tests of stress relaxation of artificial soil were done and from these results viscoelastic constants E, E1 and η2 were found. From the comparison analysis between actual stress relaxation curve and theoretical one it was found that the theoretical values and experimental ones coincided with initial peak stress and residual stress. Shape of stress relaxation curve depended on the value of η1, and η1 was not constant but varied by the experimental stress value at certain elapsed time, which dominated the value of η1. This is unavoidable limit under an assumption of 3 element Voigt model.View full abstractDownload PDF (668K) -
Relation between the Steering and the Visual Line of the Operator on the Approaching TravelTatsuya BANNO, Yoshinobu OHTA1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 375-382
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the steering technique of tractor, a walking type tractor was run so as to approach gradually to the marked line, and the relationship between the visual line of an operator and the directional line of the tractor was investigated. In the gradually approaching travel at constant deviated angle and of gradually decreasing deviated angle are conceivable. The travel loci can be determined by the following expressions.
Constant deviated angle
x=Lcosδ/2log{(y0-y)-Lsinδ}(y0+Lsinδ)/{(y0-y)+Lsinδ}(y0-Lsinδ)-[√L2-(y0-y)2-√L2y02-Lcosoδlog{Lcosδ+√L2-(y0-y)2} √y02-L2sin2δ/{Lcosδ+√L2-y02}√(y0-y)2-L2sin2δ]
Gradually decreasing deviated angle
x=∫y0-L2/2sin{2k(y0-y)}-(y0-y)√L2-(y0-y)2/(y0-y)2-L2sin2{k(y0-y)}dy
Wsere
y; Asymptotic distance (m), y0; Initial distance (m), L; Visual distance (m), δ; Deviated angle (deg.), k; Invariable number
The following results were recognized from the theory of gradually approaching travel and the experimental locus.
1. It was recognized that the experimental locus agreed with the theoretical locus when the deviated angle was constant, and the deviated angle in the experiment was 0-10 degrees.
2. In the relationship between the deviated angle and initial distance, visual distance, operator or travel speed, significant difference was recognized by the analysis of variance except for the travel speed.
3. For the experiment, when the visual distance became large, the deviated angle became large too, then the operator approached to the same point on the marked line.
4. Even if the initial distance became large, the deviated angle didn't change, so the travel distance to the marked` line became large.
5. It was recognized that in case of unskilled operators, the deviated angle was small, and the travel distance was large, while in case of skilled operators, the deviated angle was large, but the travel distance became small.View full abstractDownload PDF (1093K) -
Stress Distribution Analysis by Means of the Load Test and the Finite Element MethodMasayuki KOIKE1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 383-390
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn experimental analysis concerning the stress distribution of the tractor frame has successfully been conducted applying the static load against the rear-end portion of the frame and the both-side rear wheel axle housings. These results were verified by the numerical executions, the FEM, to the model frame. Several findings were drawn as follows.
1. The measuring position which has comparatively small amount of the surface stress fluctuations tends to grow along the quadratic increase.
2. Judging from the loading to the right-side rear wheel axle housing, both the maximum and minimum principal stresses would increase apart each other away.
3. Moreover, in the case of the loading to the left-side rear wheel axle housing, almost same trend can be recognized in accordance with the right-side rear wheel axle housing.
4. Due partly to the nonlinearity, it is impossible to describe the stress fluctuations with a common tangent by the Mohr's stress circle.
5. It can be recognized that the stress concentration phenomena appear at a stepped arcwise position in the case of the lift of the rear-end portion of the frame.
6. The qualitative comparisons between experiments and numerical solutions showed excellent agreement for practical use in terms of the principal stresses and its direction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1194K) -
Ground Deformation and Turning RadiusHiromi JOZAKI, Masanori KITANO1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 391-396
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper, we presented a theoretical analysis of steerability of tracked vehicles during stationary turns at low speed on a flat soft ground.
In this paper, the ground deformation and turning radius of the tracked vehicle was analyzed experimentally and compared with the results of the theoretical analysis. The turning tests were carried out on a flat dry loose standard sand bin using the scale model.
The main results were as follows;
1. The experimental results were well correlated with the theoretical values.
2. The track slippage can be expressed by the slip radius of track Aj. The slip radius of the inner track A1 was positive and approximately constant, independent of the steering ratio, but the slip radius of the outer track A2 was negative and varied with the steering ratio.
3. The turning radius was approximately 1.4-1.5 times larger than the calculated value based on a simple geometrical relation which neglects the effects of longitudinal tracks slippage.
4. During the turning motion, the sinkage of tracks on the ground differed each other. The depth of rut of the inner track increased propotionally to the steering ratio, while the depth of rut of the outer track increased by slow degrees with the steering ratio.
5. In the inner track, the quantity of sinkage under the final road wheel Δz1n was deeper than the quantity of sinkage under the other road wheels Δz1i, while in the outer track, the quantity of sinkage under the first road wheel Δz2l was deeper than Δz2i.View full abstractDownload PDF (6409K) -
Automatic Control of Travelling Speed and Tilling Depth by Detecting Tilling Reaction ForceNoboru KAWAMURA, Tateshi FUJIURA1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 397-403
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. To regulate the tilling torque of a rotary tiller constant, which is mounted on a hydrostaticdrive tractor, an automatic control system which detects the tilling reaction force to the rotary tiller and controls the travelling speed and the tilling depth was experimented.
2. The rotary tiller was suspended by torsionbars and the torsional force of them was detected by a linear variable differential transformer. The travelling speed and the tilling depth were controlled with the swash-plate angle of the hydrostatic transmission and the position of the three point linkage hitch respectively under the control of the solenoid valves switching. These valves were operated to control the ratio of the travelling speed and the tilling depth within certain range and the ratio of the displacement of the swashplate angle and the depth sensing wheel was also maintained in a certain range.
3. When the tilling depth was changed by lifting and lowering of the rotary tiller or by the pitching motion of the tractor, the tilling torque was changed sharply because of the transient change of the vertical tilling area of each blade.
4. In the field tests, this automatic control system worked well to regulate the tilling torque. Too small dead zone and too large rate of the tilling depth change however caused the tilling torque fluctuation transiently due to the change of the tilling depth. On the other hand, too large dead zone and too small rate of the tilling depth change also caused the tilling torque fluctuation.
5. When the tractor pitched, the system worked to regulate the tilling depth constant and when the soil hardness changed, it controlled the tilling torque constant by changing the travelling speed and the tilling depth. The tilling torque was however fluctuated momently when the tilling depth was regulated.View full abstractDownload PDF (1224K) -
Simulation of Floating Motion of Seeds in Rising TubeMasaki MATSUO, Katsumi ISHIKAWA1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 405-411
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe equations describing seeds motion were introduced, and a bouncing motion model was presented to express the irregular bounce of seeds. The effect of the lift force on the seeds suspension flow involved some factors acting on the seeds was discussed by means of the simulation based on the spherical seed model. Following results were obtained.
1. By attaching the loope hose on the around top of the vertical tube, the seeds except smaller seeds than rough rice evolved the reiteration motion of the irregular bounce on the wavy wall. Then the transformation of momentum or energy was producted and the distribution of seeds on a section of the tube approached to a rather uniform dispersion.
2. When the inside wall of the upper tube was smooth the velocities of soybeans which were consisted of three component of X, Y and Z increased in a monotony comparing with the velocities before collision. This is due to the influence of an incidence angle introduced by the random variable.
3. The top of the tube was closed with a transparent plastic board and the trajectories of cone were pursued. The repetition calculations of 20 to 30 trials of collision were necessary to get convergence of the velocities of each direction, and a constant value of the variation of distribution was indicated.
4. For the condition of distribution of seeds, calculated values well agreed with the experimental results. Consequently, it was suggested that the irregular bouncing model could account for the mechanism of seeds suspension in the rising air tube.View full abstractDownload PDF (1085K) -
Uniform Spraying System by Discharge Pressure Control of Plunger PumpMotonobu URA, Noboru KAWAMURA1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 413-420
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. A practical system for uniform spraying by high pressure type sprinkler was researched. The fundamental experiments were done successfully. The discharge pressure p was programcontrolled to supply constant pressure to every sprinkler on each lateral pipe. The direction of flow was changed to a lateral under the condition that p became within the set pressure range.
Then p was changed a little according to the override characteristics of a pressure regulator, if the discharge rate of a pump changed. When spraying had began already, the change of p was corrected by re-regulation by a pressure regulator comparing p with the set pressure, so that spraying under the constant pressure was accomplished. It became clear that the accurate uniform spraying could be made in the orchard on the basis of the experimental results.
2. The pressure override characteristics of a pressure regulator and the step response to the rapid change of discharge rate of a pump was investigated. The pressure differences caused by the override characteristics were considerably large reaching about, 10kg/cm2. The experimental results had a good agreement with the calculated when Qr<10l/min, but p became larger than the calculated value when Qr>10l/min. This might be caused by the reason that the pressure distribution on the ball valve became unequal because of the drop of pressure by the swirl around the valve seat. The response of p and x corresponded with the calculated results.
3. The pressure override characteristics should be improved if the pipeline with the closed end of the main pipe was used. For the direct type pressure regulator the improvement of override is limited by the structure of itself. However it was found by calculation that the pressure difference by the override characteristics was decreased to 7kg/cm2 by setting the spring constant k to be 2kg/mm.View full abstractDownload PDF (1176K) -
Automatic Sacking Devices AP721 and AP732Masato SUZUKI, Haruo EZAKI, Sasakazu IMAZONO, Takao SUGIYAMA, Masao MA ...1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 421-427
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe grain harvested by·JIDATSU combine (Japanese type combine harvester) are generally sacked in small size grain bags by operator or his assistant.
The operator has to stop his combine occasionally to change the grain bags or his assistant has to keep standing on the place with unpleasant surroundings, such as high noize, vibration and dust.
For the purpose of promoting the working efficiency of combine, and maintaining the safety of operator and his assistant, research and development were conducted on five types of automatic sacking devices.
In this report (Part 1), two types of automatic sacking devices AP721 and AP732 shown in Fig. 4 and 8 were presented. The sacking process of the first prototype AP721 was similar to that of manual sacking method. This machine consisted of auger type bag divider, grain tank with bag opener and vibrator. The coil spring with micro switch was used to measure the weight of grain sacked. In the laboratory test, the switching error was observed frequently in relation to weighing, but other mechanism was operated succesfully, and many data were obtained which would assure a stable action for each mechanism.
The second prototype AP732 was designed and produced on the basis of the data obtained from the test conducted on AP721. To regulate the weight of grain, the lower and upper level of the grain in grain tank were measured using micro switches. Power for all mechanism was supplied through the main shaft driven by a hydrostatic.
During the laboratory test using AP732, 500 bags were succesfully sacked and all the mechanism of this device worked well. From these test results, prospects of developing automatic sacking device for combine harvester were very much hopeful.View full abstractDownload PDF (6645K) -
Experiment and Discussion on On-Off Control SystemKenji NAKAGAWA, Hideto KOSAKA, Kazuyuki KONDO1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 429-433
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The experimental apparatus for the laboratory test was constructed and the experiment using this model apparatus was carried out in order to investigate some problems which might be encountered when the electro-hydraulic On-Off control system is employed for the automatic position control of cutter bar for tea-plucking machine.
2. The subject of this experiment was to investigate the effect of vertical movement velocity of the cutter bar, operation interval of the limit switch and setting time of the relay with delay time on the tracking performance of the cutter bar, the width of dead zone of the sensing plate, the period and amplitude of hunting and its occurrence condition, and those mutual relationships were expressed by equations.
3. For improving the accuracy of operation and eliminating a trouble with the On-Off automatic control system, some problems in design and treatment of the apparatus which should be considered were found from the results and discussion of this experiment.View full abstractDownload PDF (757K) -
Masami IWASAKI, Akira ISHIHARA1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 435-442
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor mechanizing the post harvest processing of Baker's garlic an experimental device (No. 2), which could vary the cutting length corresponding to the bulb diameter of Baker's garlic for two steps, was designed and built.
The most suitable clip velocity was sought comparing with the known conventional method by which an experienced operator was able to set the Baker's garlic on the moving clips efficiently and accurately.
Measurements were made on the effect of the adhesion of Polysacharides on the rotary knives and cutting weight upon the cutting resistance.
The results obtained in the experiments are summarized as follows.
1. It seemed that the most suitable clip velocity was about 5cm/s and the mean values of the efficiency and the accuracy were 40 bulbs/min and 70% respectively.
Yet the mean values of the efficiency and the accuracy by the conventional method were 53 bulbs/min and 91% each.
2. The efficiency of the conventional method measured by motion analysis increased with increase in the number of the processing bulbs per cycle from 1 to 3.5. The required time of working element ⌈B⌋ increased from 1.1 to 1.4 second. The relation between the increase of the efficiency and the decrease of the accuracy for the cutting work was not recognized.
3. The efficiency of the processing device increased with decrease in the required time of working element ⌈B′⌋.
The accuracy had a tendency to decrease with increase of the efficiency, because the working element ⌈B′⌋ included the motion of the position control to the guide plate attached the moving clip.
4. It is further suggested to develop the clip shape for putting two bulbs in one clip and to simplify Baker's garlic position control for the improvement of the efficiency and accuracy of the processing device.
5. The dry Polysacharides attached to rotary knives increased the mean torque per unit cutting area of Baker's garlic by the effect of friction resistance, but the torque was not affected by the wet Polysacharides.
6. The adhesion weight attached to the rotary knives at the stalks and the roots side were respectively 0.83g and 1.43g, after cutting 11.8kg of Baker's garlic.View full abstractDownload PDF (5184K) -
DLE Characteristics of Persimmons from the Point of Color SortingKei NAKAJI, Yutaka CHUMA1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 443-447
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe delayed light emission (DLE) intensities of persimmons (Fuyu fruits) were investigated to evaluate the maturity and peel color of the fruit. The DLE intensity was measured under the exciting conditions of dark period of 10min, exciting illuminance of 1750lx and exciting period of 2sec. The following results were obtained:
1. The DLE intensity of persimmon decreased with the lapse of harvest date, which agreed with the lowering of chlorophyll content of the fruit (Fig. 1, 2). The DLE intensity decreased remarkably with the beginning of coloring and the arrival of commercial harvest time.
2. The relation between peel color expressed with the Munsell renotation system and DLE intensity was investigated (Fig. 3, 4, 5). The hue of peel color could be expressed numerically by the intensity of delayed light. Hence, considering the hue being an index of maturity, the DLE could be used as an index of the estimation of maturity.
3. Bruising of fruit had much effect on DLE. The test fruits were bruised by dropping on concrete floor from the height of 50cm. DLE intensity of the bruised fruit increased in ten minutes and decreased, on the contrary, in 24 hours (Fig. 6).
4. Fruits corresponding to respective color classification were picked in the packing house line by the expert and the fruits' colors were expressed with the Munsell renotation system (Table 1). The degree of coloring of the highest class fruits was classified into 70 to 100 percent in Table 1 during the season, whereas the degree was shifted toward the lower percent in early harvest time owing to the relation between supply and demand.
5. Persimmon fruits classified visually into four groups according to the hue of peel color were experimentally sorted with high accuracy by means of DLE except the color group of “Yu” (Table 2). Thus the DLE method was considered to be useful for mechanical sorting of persimmon fruits.View full abstractDownload PDF (805K) -
1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 447
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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In Case of Grain GroupKeisuke SUYAMA, Fumitaka SATO, Hiroshi SHIMIZU1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 449-453
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo obtain the mean actual terminal velocity of grain group, the mean rising velocity of the rough rice group in the vertical pipe were measured. The results obtained were as follows.
1. The mean rising velocity of the rough rice group increased as the air velocity and the weight ratio of the rough rice to air in flow increased (Fig. 2).
2. The mean actual terminal velocity of rough rice group increased as the air velocity increased and it decreased as the weight ratio of the rough rice to air in flow increased (Fig. 3).
3. In the range of the air velocity from 9.2 to 13.5m/s and the weight ratio of the rough rice to air in flow from 0.7 to 2.8, the mean actual terminal velocity Vtg could be expressed as the empirical equation (5).
4. At the weight ratio of 1.0, it was considered that the rough rice rised to take with the posture as its intermediate direction between X and Z axes to be nearly parallel to the direction of air stream in the low air velocity about 9.0m/s and as its X axis to be parallel to the air stream in the high air velocity about 13.5m/s in the vertical pipe. At the weight ratio of 3.0, it was considered that the rough rice rised to take with the posture as its nearly intermediate direction between Z and Y axes to be parallel to the direction of the air stream in the low air velocity about 9.0m/s and as its intermediate direction between X and Y axes to be nearly parallel to the direction of the air stream in the high air velocity about 13.5m/s.
5. If the theoretical terminal velocities of grain on given three axes are determined, it becomes possible to estimate the mean actual terminal velocity and the mean rising velocity of grain group at the certain air velocity and weight ratio of the grain to air in flow in the vertical pipe, using the flying orientation coefficient n (described in the paper I) for the other grains which their shapes are similar to the rough rice.View full abstractDownload PDF (795K) -
Analysis of Separating Mechanism for Indent Cylinder TypeRitsuya YAMASHITA, Hitoshi YOSHITOMI, Kiyokazu GOTO, Hao NGUYEN1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 455-461
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study was carried out to explain the mechanisms of the broken rice separator of indent cylinder type. The results obtained were as follows:
1. The separating by indent cylinder type consists of two different mechanisms: the first mechanism is similar to that of a screen, and the second mechanism is that of a separator in which the grain length is a separating factor.
2. The probability P that the grains enter into the hopper equals the probability PA of grains caught by the indent parts multiplied by the probability PB that the grains can enter the hopper. This relationship is expressed in Equation (1).
3. The probability PA for the first mechanism is expressed in Equation (7).
4. In case of the second mechanism, the grains (mostly whole grains) are rolled and failed at the angle α as expressed in Equation (23) when δ<μ. The grains (mostly broken grains) are slided and failed at the angle α' as expressed in Equation (25) when δ>μ. Where μ is the coefficient of static friction and δ is expressed in Equation (20) and in Fig. 7.
5. In order to get a better separation of whole and broken rice, the angle of falling point of broken rice should be greater than that of whole rice. The center of gravity and the friction coefficient are important factors in determining this angle. This relationship is expressed in Fig. 8.
6. Besides the grain length, there are also many other physical properties which have erects on the probability PB of the second mechanism. The values of PB are determined from the distribution of the physical properties and hopper angle, and expressed in Equation (27).View full abstractDownload PDF (1075K) -
Results from Numerous Filtration ExperimentsHiroshi SHIMIZU, Junichi TAKEDA1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 463-468
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Using the Leef-Test method (Fig. 1-1), the experiments were conducted for the 54 conditions shown on Table 2-1. The limit filtrate volume Vn and the elimination rate S which were calculated from the equations (1-18) and (1-1), tnd the final dried weight of filtration cake were determined.
2. The initial density Wo had a large deviation (Table 2-1) which was caused by the differences of the waste property and also by the fact that the sample was prepared on the raw waste bases instead of dry matter waste. Since only on experimeat was done for each experimental condition because of the numerous experimental conditions, the results were compared by the average values for each experimental condition (Fig. 2-1-6).
3. For the filter media less than 246μ, Vn was considerably decreased (Fig. 2-1) while S was slightly increased (Fig. 2-2). Corelations between Vn, S and suction pressure Pf were small but S was inclined to increase with decrease of the pressures though V was slightly decreased. Therefore the low pressure appeared to be the proper condition (Fig. 2-3, 4). Wcn. had the same tendency as Vn. Difficulties exist in the practical use of Wcn less than 0.03 [gf/cm2] and the sieve clearance less than 246μ.
4. The authors experimented the effect of rice hull charcoal as a filtration assistant using three different methods of; (A) Bodyfeed method, (B) Pre-coat method and (C) combination of (A) and (B). Since S was slightly increased and Vn and Won were 5 to 8 times as big as the case of the single filter without hull charcoal (Fig. 2-1, 3, 5). It was recognized that (B) and (C) methods were available for practical uses.
5. The experiments of 246μ filter medium were carried out under various Wo and Pf conditions. Vn was exponentially decreased with increase of Wo (Fig. 2-7) while S was nearly constant (Fig. 2-8) and Wcn was slightly increased (Fig. 2-9).
6) The experiment of 74μ filter medium with hull charcoal by (C) method was carried out under the same condition as (5). In this experiment, Vn became 3 to 4 times larger than the case of (5). Decrease of Vn was small even for high concentration of Wo (Fig. 2-10). S was almost constant increasing slightly (Fig. 2-11). The effect of hull charcorl in terms of the increase of Wcn was most prominent for high concentration Wo (Fig. 2-12).View full abstractDownload PDF (846K) -
Noriaki ISHIZUKA1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 469-477
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was mode for decision making in beef cattle management to evaluate the production systems. The systems model of beef cattle production was designed to investigate the effect of management decisions on the beef productivity, the labor consumption and the production cost. By using the model composed of mathematical equations, the following results were obtained:
1. The simulation resuets were well coincided with the results from experiment.
2. The maximum number of feedable cows in 62ha and 80ha of pasture was shown in Table 5.
3. The produced amount of beef cattle was illustrated in Fig. 9.
4. The labor consumption was shown in Fig. 10.
5. The production cost per produced cattle was indicated in Fig. 11.
6. The pasture usage policy (C) gave less consumption of labor.
7. The low production cost per produced cattle was given when the pasture usage was (B) or (C).
8. The optimal policy for the management and the pasture usage was (B) (B).
Where: Management (A)=selling all calves at once in autumn
Management (B)=selling heifer calves in autumn and bullocks in next spring after fattening
Pasture usage (A)=using pasture divided into three of grazing land, grassland and dual purpose land in the proportion of 44.4%, 36.1% to 19.5%
Pasture usage (B)=using pasture divided in the proportion of 50.0%, 36.1% to 13.9%
Pasture usage (C)=using pasture divided in the proportion of 50.0%, 30.0% to 20.0%View full abstractDownload PDF (1481K) -
[in Japanese]1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 479-482
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 483-486
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 487-491
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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[in Japanese]1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 493-498
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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[in Japanese]1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 501-506
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 507-510
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 511-514
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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[in Japanese]1979 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 515-518
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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