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Volume 64, Issue 1
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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A. OIDA2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 1-2
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Yousuke MORIMOTO2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 4-10
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Hiroyuki TAKAHASHI2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 11-13
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Ei SEKI2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 14-18
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Yousuke MORIMOTO2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 19-23
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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[in Japanese]2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 24-25
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Hitoshi TAMURA, Oichi ATODA, Kenshi SAKAI2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 43-51
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method of computer-vision using a texture image analysis to discriminate the most predominant species in every small area of fields has been developed. The method treats each image of every small area as a random texture, and extracts micro-shapes as texture features by a “shape-pass” nonlinear filter bank proposed by the authors. A discriminant function is composed by statistically selected effective features to discriminate the predominant species in all extracted features. The method has been applied to a problem to discriminate white clovers (Trifolium repens L.) as a representative of leguminous cover crops from grass weeds, and an experiment to classify every small area of field into “White clovers predominant”, “Grass weeds predominant”, and “Neither” has been carried out. In the experiment, sample images prepared as the models have been discriminated the accuracy of 98% and the experimental results for actual field images have corresponded with the ones in 88% by human, the size of each area being set to 380×250mm.View full abstractDownload PDF (10173K) -
Change in quality of milled rice during storageHong Jin Liu, Kengo WATANABE, Seishu TOJO, Takao SUGIYAMA, Eiji MAKINO2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 52-60
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present study, the authors investigated the relation between storage conditions and the quality of milled rice, paddy and brown rice. Three packaging materials and four storage conditions (temperature and humidity) were evaluated. An NIR taste value analyzer and chemical analysis methods were used to determine changes in moisture, stickiness, taste value, and lipid content of milled rice over the course of 1 year. The results indicate that stickiness, lipid content and taste value of milled rice deteriorate during storage. Moisture content only changed when rice was stored at ambient temperature in an unsealed paper bag. In storage, paddy and brown rice showed similar tendencies for change in rice quality. Also, milled rice showed was less change in quality at low temperature than at ambient temperature and less change when stored in a plastic package than when stored in an unsealed paper bag.View full abstractDownload PDF (1493K) -
Combustion Analyses of Dual Fueled CGS Operated with Biogas and Gas OilJong-Sao PARK, Hideo TERAO, Kohta ISHII2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 61-69
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper was carried out to promote the complete combustion of methane, which was pointed out in Part 1. In order to investigate the combustion process, combustion pressure, combustion temperature and heat release were analyzed precisely under the various load and supplying biogas amount. From the experimental results it was observed that the combustion pressure and rate of the pressure raise decreased in accordance with the supplying biogas amount. The combustion duration time became, because of the slower combustion process, also the longest. On the contrary, the combustion pressure and the heat release were increased in higher load region. As a result, unburned methane started to burn again in the exhaust pipe and the burning efficiency was slightly increased. This was also observed from the results of the exhaust gas analysis. On the basis of combustion characteristics of duel fueled CGS, it was suggested that several methods for the complete combustion of methane at lower load. Such methods are consisted of the intake air heating, supercharging and exhaust gas re-circulation (EGR).View full abstractDownload PDF (3105K) -
Yoshiki MURAMATSU, Akio TAGAWA, Takamasa KASAI, Koji TAKEYA, Masayoshi ...2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 70-76
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effective thermal conductivity for three kinds of wheat flour (soft, medium, hard) was measured at selected moisture contents, temperatures and bulk densities. The transient heat flow method using twin probe was used for the determination of the effective thermal conductivity. The effects of moisture content, temperature and bulk density on the effective thermal conductivity of wheat flour were investigated. Observed values were compared with the calculated values from the thermal conductivity of air and wheat flour, using the typical several kinds of the heat conduction model. Therefore, the series/parallel model of which the ratio of the parallel gas phase was written as a function of moisture content, temperature and porosity was proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1136K) -
Mizuho YOSHIDA, Osamu KITANI, Kingshuk ROY, Hirofumi KAWANISHI, Toru T ...2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 77-82
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiments were carried out with different plant leaves partially coated with fibrous membrane. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of membrane coating on the amount of evapo-transpiration (ET). The results show that for radish (as a sample of herbaceous plants), when the leaf-surface had coating on it, the amount of ET certainly decreased resulting a total reduction of 11.2%. The effect of the presence or absence of coating on the amount of ET was tested out with 5% significance probability. For rice, in the first half of the growth stage of the plants with coating, the amount of ET showed a tendency to be decreased, however, the amount tended to be increased thereafter. On the other hand, for rose (a sample of woody plants), the amount of ET for plants with coating was less than the amount for the non-coated plants and the tendency continued almost throughout the observation period with 5% significance level.View full abstractDownload PDF (5112K) -
R. L. URASA, Shun-ichiro TANAKA, Fumihiko TANAKA, Kazuo MORITA2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 83-90
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHybrid cooler employed in the Wrapper Type Cold Store poses extra difficulties in simulation due to the inclusion of hot water coil for reversing excess cooling when lower temperatures are set. Simulation of quasi-steady and unsteady cooler exit temperature and absolute humidity of a hybrid cooler was carried out using artificial neural network error-backpropagation algorithm. The method was employed to overcome the difficulties encountered by using conventional methods in simulation of hybrid cooler. A single hybrid network after sufficient training and converging could simulate both quasi-steady and unsteady conditions within less than 3% error margin and less than 1.5% under quasi-steady conditions. The network could overcome the undulating expansion valve exit and superheat temperatures within this margin. Using critical inputs in the network enabled this accuracy; expansion valve exit temperature, superheat temperature, hot water inlet, hot water outlet, suction side temperature and humidity. In future, with this achievement we can control and predict the temperature in the Wrapper Type Cold Store with higher accuracy employing neural fuzzy control methods.View full abstractDownload PDF (1240K) -
Leroy GARCIANO, Ryo TORISU, Jun-ichi TAKEDA, Kenshi SAKAI2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 91-99
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe nonlinear dynamics of a larger size tractor was investigated experimentally using a frequency response test over a wide range of forward speed chosen as the controlled parameter. The analysis was carried out in the time domain and the qualitative changes of the dynamics of the tractor were analyzed using the phase portrait and Poincaré section that identified the quasi-periodic vibrations in the middle speed range of 1.51-3.08m/s. Quantitative analysis using the correlation dimension analysis identified the random vibration in the low speed range of 0.63-1.42m/s and deterministic chaotic vibration with the largest Lyapunov exponents occurred in the high-speed range of 3.32-4.50 m/s.View full abstractDownload PDF (1463K) -
Accuracy of Constituent Content Determination by the Developmed Continuous High-speed Single-Kernel Brown Rice Sorting MachineMotoyasu NATSUGA, Akitoshi NAKAMURA, Sumio KAWANO2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 100-105
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo select kernels for breeding from either naturally distributed samples or artificially mutated ones that have required constituent content, it is necessary to process batch samples in a short time. Unfortunately, it is said that there are certain wholesalers who illegally mix several varieties of brown rice and sell them as single variety rice to obtain illegal profit. In order to distinguish varieties for breeding or other purposes, the constituent content of single-kernel grains such as wheat and rice has been determined using conventional bench type NIR instruments; however, it takes a lot of time and effort. To achieve these objectives in a short time, a continuous high-speed single-kernel brown rice sorting machine based on rice protein content has been developed. It consists of several sections such as a feeding mechanism, measuring unit, sorting mechanism and controlling PC. The feeding mechanism picks up single kernel of brown rice from the hopper (maximum of 5kg storage capacity) and sends it to the measuring unit. A spectrum of the brown rice is obtained in the measuring unit, which consists of a near-infrared array sensor. The brown rice is then sorted in the sorting mechanism based on its protein content estimated by the controlling PC. In the present study, measuring speed was approximately 500ms for the full spectrum range and overall sorting speed was approximately 2.8s for one kernel.View full abstractDownload PDF (2235K) -
A Study on High-Speed Sorting of Single- Kernel Brown Rice Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Part 2)Accuracy of Constituent Content Determination by the Developed Continuous High-Speed Single-Kernel Brown Rice Sorting MachineMotoyasu NATSUGA, Akitoshi NAKAMURA, Sumio KAWANO2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 106-112
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIf brown rice can be sorted quickly according to its major constituents such as protein content, it could not only improve the accuracy of breeding but also lead to a wide range of applications. We developed a high-speed single-kernel brown rice sorting machine based on rice constituents for the purpose of achieving these objectives. A description of this machine and a report of its performance were given in Part 1. Since its over-all sorting speed was 2.8s/kernel, we concluded that it was sufficient for practical use. In this report we discuss its accuracy for both moisture and protein content based on calibrations that were developed using non-glutinous brown rice (cultivar: Hitomebore) and brewers' brown rice (cultivar: Yamadanishiki).View full abstractDownload PDF (1057K) -
Comparison of transesterified oil with light oil as fuelsSetsuo TODA, Osamu KITANI, Kingshuk ROY2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 113-119
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudy was conducted to investigate the power and exhaust emission characteristics of a small diesel engine when fueled by two different kinds of fuels. In this study, light oil, and waste vegetable oil transesterified by ethanol were used as fuels and engine performances were tested. From the experiments, it became clear that the transesterified oil was more effective particularly in reducing the exhaust emissions than light oil. At the same time, the transesterified oil did not show any inferior performance in the power test to the light oil.View full abstractDownload PDF (3124K) -
Shuso KAWAMURA, Kazuhiro TAKEKURA, Kazuhiko ITOH2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 120-126
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe accuracy in determination of rice constituent contents using near-infrared transmission (NIRT) spectroscopy was validated. A commercial NIRT spectrometer, which was considered to be applicable to practical use for quality inspection at a rice grain elevator, was used in this study. The accuracy of the spectrometer improved after modifying light filters and calibration models. In the determination of moisture content, the coefficient of determination (r2) was 0.98, standard error of prediction (SEP) was 0.13%, and bias was -0.02%. In the determination of protein content, r2 was 0.90, SEP was 0.17%, and bias was 0.01%. These results proved that the spectrometer was sufficiently accurate to be used instead of reference analysis for measuring moisture content and protein content of brown rice. The spectrometer could be also used with sufficiently high accuracy at a grain elevator for samples in a temperature range of 10°C to 30°C and for samples with a rough rice percentage of less 10%.View full abstractDownload PDF (1197K) -
Yoichi SHIBATA, Ryoji SASAKI, Kazunobu TORIYAMA, Kan ARAKI, Osamu ASAN ...2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 127-135
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA Ground-base Image Mapping System composed of camera, a GPS and a computer was developed. This system collects the images of paddy field sequentially while the vehicle is traveling in the field. After traveling, the images are synthesized and displayed as a twodimensional image. Plant coverage values of paddy rice vegetations were examined using this system. As a result, the plant coverage closely correlates with the leaf area index and the absorbed amount of nitrogen per growing area, regardless of the type of cultivation, that is, direct seeding or transplanting. Using the system with some improvements including the cut-off of external light, the number of rice establishment seedlings, which were raised with the direct seeding cultivation technique, was measured. The results closely matched those from the visual examination. An effective cultivation management may be possible by dividing the establishment seedlings into several groups based on the density and changing the amounts of the fertilizer and the pesticide accordingly. Consequently, this system is considered to be an effective tool to collect the data regarding the plant growth state, which will facilitate the cultivation management of small sections in large agricultural fields.View full abstractDownload PDF (7087K) -
Nobuki YAMANA, Hirokatsu SHITO2002 Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 136-138
Published: January 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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