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Volume 59, Issue 1
Displaying 1-22 of 22 articles from this issue
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M. TAKAI1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 1-2
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Optimization of Dual-Fuel OperationKohta ISHII, Hideo TERAO, Noboru NOGUCHI1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 3-10
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo utilize biogas as a fuel for diesel engine flexibly and effectively, a biogas-engine system with a biogas storage tank, which is able to introduce biogas to the engine at will, was proposed. In this system, biogas supply was optimized from the respect of the engine performances, such as thermal efficiency, smoke and NOx, by use of Dynamic Programming method. Biogas production data in time series, which was measured in an actual anaerobic digester, were used in the simulation. In addition, a load pattern of the engine from 1 to 2.5kW was assumed from the general work time of agricultural facility. Under these situations, an optimal schedule of gas supply from the tank to the engine was determined automatically. By adopting the engine system, diesel fuel consumption could be reduced by 15%, compared with that using conventional biogas.View full abstractDownload PDF (1008K) -
Numerical Simulation Using NISA IIHideo HASEGAWA, Masayuki KOIKE, Toshio KONAKA1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 11-20
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, the static elastic-plastic analysis for the monocoque-type frame was carried out numerically. Several mechanical characteristics for three models in terms of structural strength were discussed considering those geometry deflection and stress distribution as evaluation criteria. Comparing with an A-model which was modeled on a marketable tractor, the alleviation of plastic strain, maximum geometry deformation and stress were attained by about 14%, 72% and 47% respectively in a B-model increased sidewall thickness. Stress fluctuations caused by parameter's manipulation were pointed out quantitatively through the modification of the thickness of sidewall at differential housing. In a C-model which was added partition wall, the alleviation of plastic strain, maximum geometry deformation and stress were also attained by about 33%, 88% and 54% respectively. It was found that the validity of the setting of the partition wall was confirmed. Accordingly, some quantitative tendencies in von Mises equivalent stress and equivalent plastic strain for specific two nodes in partition wall were clarified putting a prescribed load pattern per one cycle.View full abstractDownload PDF (6615K) -
Hyung-gyu JUN, Tetsuji TANIGUCHI, Ko-ichi OHTOMO, Tadashi KISHIMOTO, T ...1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 21-28
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA transducer was developed to determine the stress state in the soil on a hard pan. Principal stresses, octahedral normal and shearing stresses can be calculated from the data measured with six pressure cells on the transducer in the six predetermined directions. The transducer was buried in three locations in the soil at 25cm depth: under the lug at the centerline and the edge of the tire and under the undertread at the edge of the tire. The effect of changes in the locations of buried transducer on soil stresses indicated that the maximum major principal stress under the lug at the centerline of the tire in was more than twice as those in other locations.View full abstractDownload PDF (2456K) -
Suppression of Metabolism of Agricultural ProductSei-ichi OSHITA, M. A. RAHMAN, Yoshinori KAWAGOE, Yasuhisa SEO, Atsush ...1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 29-35
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of the structured water by dissolution of xenon was examined from the view point of the suppression of both color change and respiratory metabolism of agricultural products. For the broccoli cut in half, the section color did not change appreciably for the sample whose water was structured by dissolution of xenon at the xenon partial pressure of 0.39MPa. On the other hand, the browning of section surface was observed for the sample placed under the partial pressure of nitrogen gas (0.39MPa) as well as under atmospheric condition. These results led to the conclusion that the suppression of browning by oxidation was due to structured water but not due to applied pressure. Adding to this, the water structured by xenon has resulted in suppression of respiratory metabolism.View full abstractDownload PDF (4736K) -
Whitening Characteristics of Incubated Brown RiceYelian MIAO, Marcial D. AGAD, Shigeru YOSHIZAKI1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 37-41
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFat acidity, cracking and whitening characteristics of incubated brown rice were investigated. Parboiling of the incubated brown rice was studied in order to improve its whitening qualities. It was found that the fat acidity of brown rice decreased from 26mgKOH/100g to 18mgKOH/100g during incubation in a seedbed at temperatures ranging from 15 to 40°C. The incubated brown rice kernels of 60-80% cracked during natural drying under a room condition of 23°C. By parboiling the incubated brown rice for 2 minutes or longer at 100°C, a yield of white rice as high as that from raw brown rice, accompanied with fewer brokens, was obtained in the whitening process. The white rice only had 0-3% of cracked kernels while being soaked in water.View full abstractDownload PDF (592K) -
Development of Sorting System Using Image ProcessingMasateru NAGATA, Osamu KINOSHITA, Katsunori ASANO, Qixin CAO, Kenji HI ...1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 43-48
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe possibility of classifying strawberry by shape was confirmed by previous experiments. This particular study tested the automatic sorting system where strawberries were manually placed on a turntable which conveys strawberries towards the distinction unit to classify according to their shapes and sizes. The judging time and distinction accuracy were found to be acceptable and effective. However, the carrying time was longer than by manual sorting, and further study to speed up the carrying time is necessary.View full abstractDownload PDF (688K) -
Geomagnetic Warp Refinement by Neural NetworksKen-ichirou NAKAJIMA, Hideo TERAO, Noboru NOGUCHI1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 49-58
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to construct an agricultural autonomous vehicle system with a geomagnetic direction sensor (GDS), and to establish effective utilization of the GDS as a navigation sensor for autonomous vehicles. Using only directional information from the GDS, vehicle control along a straight line of 60m long gave a lateral error of about 20cm. However, while using the GDS on agricultural vehicles there exists the problem of large direction errors caused by warp of geomagnetic condition and inclination of the vehicle on slope. To alleviate this problem, a refining method using a neural network was developed. Field experiments have shown that the refining method developed is effective, and is able to make the vehicle travel on the directional error of 0.1°.View full abstractDownload PDF (3215K) -
pH-Buffer Action of Water Treated by PrototypeHiroshi NAKAMURA, Katsumi ISHIKAWA, Yoshiichi OKADA, Yoshinori GEJIMA1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 59-68
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the hydroponic culture, pH variance is a very important problem. In general, acid and alkali are used in correcting nutrient pH. In this study, the use of minerals, which causes pH-buffer by negative charge, was discussed in order to get the discernment for developing a pH-buffer water treatment system. A prototype water circulation system using “Bakuhan-seki” was produced, and pH-buffer test was carried out using distilled water. As the results, water and nutrient water treated by the system showed pH-buffer action, and the treated water turned to turbid water by the peeled off corpuscle of “Bakuhan-seki”, and the turbidity of the treated water tend to swell in proportion to the increase of the volume of granular “Bakuhan-seki” and of the treatment time. As the results of the measurement of zeta potential, the values of zeta potential (mV) were -10.2, -31.5 and -39.7 when 2.5, 6.9 and 12.0 respectively. Additional negative charge of “Bakuhan-seki” changed in proportion to the pH value of surrounding solution.View full abstractDownload PDF (1212K) -
Mohammad Ali BASUNIA, Takemi ABE1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 69-76
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents experimental studies on storage of rough rice in traditional split bamboo made storage bin, called “dool” in Bangladesh, and paper bag, commonly used by the Japanese farmers, storage systems. During the storage period, temperature, moisture content, germination percentage, percentage of damage kernel and thousand-kernel weight were recorded and the changes in the quality of stored rough rice were evaluated in terms of these variables. There was no significant difference in temperature changes between the two storage systems, but there were significant difference in moisture content, germination percentage, thousand-kernel weight and percentage of damage kernel changes. The paper bag was better than the bamboo bin in respect of all the storage parameters considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (943K) -
Development and Evaluation of Fertilizer DrillRyuji OTANI, Kunio NISHIZAKI, Yoichi SHIBATA, Yasuhiro YOKOCHI1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 77-85
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeeding depth of rice direct seeding severely influences the establishment of seedlings in cold area. After the investigation of optimum seeding depth for the germination and the establishment of seedlings, we developed a fertilizer drill which can keep optimum seeding depth. The basic construction of the developed fertilizer drill is a side gauge wheel type for stabilizing seed furrow depth. The better the pulverization of seedbed soil, the higher the stability of seeding depth. The field capacity of the developed fertilizer drill was 84a/h and the good establishment of seedling was obtained in the field test.View full abstractDownload PDF (2890K) -
Development and Field Test of Rice Transplanters for Long Mat Type Hydroponic Rice SeedlingsKohei TASAKA, Akio OGURA, Motomu KARAHASHI, Hiroyuki NIIYAMA, Manabu N ...1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 87-98
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo types of rice transplanters were remodeled to transplant long mat type hydroponic rice seedlings in paddy fields. The working accuracy of these transplanters were: the damaged seedling rate was 30-60% and the minimum missing hill rate after rooting was 3%, when the number of plants per hill was 5-10 and the working speed was 0.4-1.1m/s. The working rate of the transplanters were 21-35a/h when the working speed was 0.5-0.8m/s and the working width was 1.5-1.8m. From these data it can be deduced that the working rate will be approximately 50a/h when the working speed is 1.0m/s and the working width is 1.8m. The growth and yield of long mat type hydroponic rice seedlings were surmised to be almost the same as those of ordinary mat type rice seedlings raised in soil bed, although more detailed comparison will be needed hereafter.View full abstractDownload PDF (3334K) -
Improvement of the Shaker and its Field TestAkira AKASE, Jun-ichi KAMIDE1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 99-107
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBecause of the shortage of laborers, a mechanical harvesting of cherries for processing has been desired. A cherry harvesting system was studied in which small limbs are vibrated by a small shaker. A small limb with fruits in pre-stage of maturity was vibrated by the shaker of 8cm stroke and 13Hz frequency. The results obtained showed that the fruits harvesting percentage was high and most of the dropped fruits were with their stems. The products, obtained by processing immediately after harvesting, were with little damage. By improving the pruning and training method of branches and the methods of cultivation, the vibrational process-cherry harvesting will become practical.View full abstractDownload PDF (3066K) -
Koichi AKIMOTO, Shigenori MAEZAWA1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 109-116
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRestrictions of existing method for measuring the respiration rate of fruits and vegetables in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) was discussed, and usabilities of proposed new method which was based on a material balance equation was shown by comparing the former with the latter in tomato packaging. The principle of the existing method is based on the hypothesis that the respiration rate of fruits and vegetables in MAP is the same as permeability rate of gases which diffused from package film. If it is used in unsteady state, the value of the respiration rate measured by published method will be lower than the real one. The new method, in which both fruits and vegetables respiration and package film permeability are considered simultaneously, can be used over the whole storage period including steady and unsteady states. It was proved that the new method could be useful for estimating the physiological change, such as respiration quotient, of fruits and vegetables in MAP under unsteady state.View full abstractDownload PDF (994K) -
Kunio NISHIZAKI, Yasuhiro YOKOCHI, Yoichi SHIBATA, Ryuji OTANI1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 117-119
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Toshikuni AITANI1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 121-125
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Measurement by Laser BeamTateshi FUJIURA1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 127-130
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Measurement by Laser BeamTomohiro TAKIGAWA1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 130-134
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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M. OGAWA1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 135-136
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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M. MIYAZAKI1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 137-138
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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S. OKADA1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 139-140
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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M. HAYASHI1997 Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 141-142
Published: January 01, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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