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Volume 54, Issue 2
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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K. ICHTO1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 1-2
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Produced from Hydrous Ethanol and Gas-oilShuichi KAJITANI, Norihiro SAWA1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 3-10
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe engine performance, combustion characteristic and exhaust emission of C. I. engine operated with WE/O type emulsified fuel produced from hydrous ethanol and gas-oil were investigated experimentally. As a result, WE/O type emulsified fuel has a potential to produce a better brake thermal efficiency and lower smoke and hydrocarbon emission levels as compared to those of gas-oil operated diesel engine. The more hydrous ethanol in the emulsified fuel increases, the more the injection timing where the maximum brake thermal efficiency took place advances. The combustion noise of engine operated with emulsified fuel is higher than that of gas-oil operation because of high combustion pressure and rate of pressure rise. The main reason for this phenomena is the increase of ignition lag accompanied by the increase of hydrous ethanol in the emulsified fuel.View full abstractDownload PDF (1365K) -
Shigenobu HAYASHI, Yuzuru KUBOTA, Norihiro SAWA, Shuichi KAJITANI1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 11-21
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the past, many studies were carried out for putting to practical use of vegetable-oils as prime-mover fuel. For fuel, rapeseed-oil has special advantage of high heat value over other vegetable-oils.
In this report, the authors compared the effects of fuel on power and exhaust characteristics, using rapeseed-oil, light-oil, and rapeseed-oil/hydrous methanolemulsion as fuels for pre-chamber type Diesel engine.View full abstractDownload PDF (1480K) -
Effect of Vibration on Dynamic Strength Characteristics of Dry SandLi-ming Lou, Minoru YAMAZAKI, Akira OIDA1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 23-29
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA cyclic triaxial compression experiment was carried out in order to clarify the effects of dynamic load on wheel running performances. The effects of frequencies and number of cycles of dynamic load were examined from the point of view of dynamic strength characteristics of dry sand. The results showed that the dynamic load considerably weakened the shear strength of dry sand and the shear strength became weaker while the number of cycles and frequencies increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (1034K) -
Sensor Sensibility to Target PlantsTadatoshi SATOW, Keiji MIYAMOTO, Kiyoaki MATSUDA1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 31-39
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study aims to develop an automatic control device of spraying height for a boom sprayer. This paper discusses the sensibility of a 40kHz ultrasonic sensor on various kinds of target plants. The sound reflectances were in the range from 0.82 to 0.96, and the sensor sufficiently received the reflected waves from leaf surfaces. The sensor was able to detect the sensor to target height when the rate of leaf surface diameter to the height was larger than 0.05. The results obtained showed that the sensor detected the height within 6cm bias error in the case of broad leaves such as potatoes, kidney beans and sugar beets. As for linear leaves such as wheat, the sensor could not detect the height correctly because of the decrease of reflected echo.
From these results, it was considered that the ultrasonic sensor could be utilized as a control device for spraying height with corrections suitable for kinds and growth stages of crops.View full abstractDownload PDF (3778K) -
Relation Between Impulse and DetachmentMikio UMEDA1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 41-50
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study presents analysis of threshing mechanism for Japanese type head feeding combine. For this purpose, it was required to analyze rice movement, the relation between impulse and detachment and probability of such a phenomenon. In Part 1, rice movement in the threshing cylinder was analyzed.
This report described the relation between impulse and detachment of grain. Impact between threshing tooth and grain was assumed as impact between two balls, and impulse given to grain at impact was calculated. Detaching force and equivalent spring constant of rachis-branch were measured in tensile test. Then the relation between accepted impulse and detachment of grain was analyzed, and the result was compared with the result of grain distribution test.
As a result, this analyzing method is effective for judging the detaching difficulty of each variety of rice and evaluation of performance of thresher.View full abstractDownload PDF (1544K) -
Shun'ichiro TANAKA, Kaoru KATATA, Shoji TAHARAZAKO, Kazuo MORITA, Naon ...1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 51-58
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe melting phenomena of packed beds of ice spheres in forced air convection were investigated experimentally, assuming that the air for precooling of fruits and vegetables could be cooled practically by means of fusion heat of ice.
In result, average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for an ice sphere in packed beds may be summarized simply by means of introducing a void fraction for the effect of adjacent ice spheres, and experimental equations were proposed. Furthermore, it was shown that the multistage bed stacking arrangement of ice spheres was superior to the random bed.
These numbers were larger than those for a single sphere, and the results were reasonable in comparison with the results of previous research in heat transfer of packed beds.View full abstractDownload PDF (1225K) -
Experiment of Deep Layer Conditioning Using Alternative Two-way AirflowKazuhiko ITOH, Shuso KAWAMURA1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 59-66
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMuch moisture content difference arises in brown rice layers in the case of one-way airflow conditioning. This study was carried out to decrease the moisture content difference using an alternative two-way airflow method and the results were as follows.
The moisture content difference decreased from 2.4% to 0.3-1.1%. The rate of water absorption was reduced to 55-75% of the one-way airflow method. No remarkable difference in foreign matter and broken kernel rate was found between the one and two-way airflow methods.
It was found that the optimum condition of the two-way airflow method was: air condition of 20°C, 85-90%, airflow rate of 0.1-0.2m3/s·t and alternate interval time of 4 hours.View full abstractDownload PDF (1203K) -
Sei-ichi OSHITA, Hiroshi SHIMIZU, Takaharu KAMEOKA1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 67-74
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSpecific heat of rice was measured by the method of mixture. Four varieties of rough rice and hulled rice were used in this study. The specific heat was found to vary linearly with moisture content and a linear regression equation was obtained, which is in accord with the results already reported elsewhere.
In order to investigate the contribution of water to the specific heat of rice, the specific heat of water in rice kernel was defined by taking account of differential heat of adsorption, and apparent specific heat of rice was predicted. The agreement between measured and predicted values showed the validity of the prediction equation. This fact also indicated that main energy of the water in rice kernel can be expressed by the enthalpy difference between saturated water and adsorption. In addition to this, the specific heat of water in rice kernel was quantitatively shown to be greater than that of saturated water.View full abstractDownload PDF (1256K) -
The Firmness of Crumb and the Effects of Baking ConditionsYiping WANG, Hiroshi MORISHIMA, Yasuhisa SEO, Yasuyuki SAGARA, Kenji I ...1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 75-82
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRheological study has been carried out on white bread crumb with special reference to baking and storage conditions. The force-compression behavior of the crumb was characterized based on structural changes in solid matrix. The results indicated that the firmness increased with the storage time and changed markedly within 12 hours after baking. A pattern of firmness along the long-axis of loaf existed and was dependent on moulding methods and affected by loaf specific volume, baking temperature and weight loss during baking. The firming of crumb accelerated with a decrease in storage temperature under the experimental range of 5-20°CView full abstractDownload PDF (1296K) -
Detecting Performance of Crop-Row Detector in Stationary TestShun-ichi HATA, Munehiro TAKAI, Kenshi SAKAI1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 83-89
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAccording to the crop-row detecting method which had been developed and analyzed in Part 1, a crop-row detector was made on trial basis. The time required to detect a crop-row by this detector was about 41ms. This is short enough for practical use. As a result of the stationary test that was conducted in actual fields, the offset to a row of crop can be known up to ±10cm and heading up to ±6° with practical adduracy, although the detectable limits was restricted in comparison with simulations. Adoption of a dichroic detection for easy extraction of crop-row will improve the practicability. However, averaging might be necessary for the row of grown-up crops, as the standard deviation of detected offsets was more than 2cm.View full abstractDownload PDF (3459K) -
Activation of Water and Vigor of Treated Wheat SeedsKatsumi ISHIKAWA, Kimiko TANABE, Yoshiichi OKADA, Masateru NAGATA1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 91-97
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1173K) -
Automation of Banana RipeningTatsuya AMANO, Yasuhisa SEO, Hiroshi MORISHIMA, Kenji IMOU, Wataru YAS ...1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 99-104
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (960K) -
H. MORI1992 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 105-114
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (15698K)
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