JOURNAL of the JAPANESE SOCIETY of AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Online ISSN : 1884-6025
Print ISSN : 0285-2543
ISSN-L : 0285-2543
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Volume 72, Issue 2
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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ESSAY
SPECIAL EDITION
TECHNO-TOPICS
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
PAPERS (Articles)
RESEARCH PAPERS
  • Development of a Stationary Robotic Strawberry Harvester with Picking Mechanism that Approaches Target Fruit from Below (Part 2)
    ——Construction of the Machine's Optical System——
    Satoshi YAMAMOTO, Shigehiko HAYASHI, Hirotaka YOSHIDA, Ken KOBAYASHI
    2010 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 133-142
    Published: March 01, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam.72.133
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In developing a stationary robotic strawberry harvester, we constructed an optical system to equip the machine with the ability to detect and determine the position and coloration of strawberry fruit. The position of the fruit was detected from below with a stereo-camera. The coloration measurement unit was set against the bed of the movable bench system at fruit level to capture images of fruit. Considering the spectral reflectance characteristics of strawberry fruit, we equipped the coloration measurement unit with red, green, and white LEDs (RGW LED) and compared it with a unit fitted only with white LEDs. The mistake rate in judging coloration was 7.1% with the RGW LED compared to 23.8% for the white LED alone. The success rate of matching the position of a detected fruit with the measured coloration of the fruit was 100%.
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  • Robot for Harvesting Cherry Tomatoes in Mobile Cultivation Facilities (Part 1)
    ——Outline of the Robot and 3-D Image Recognition——
    Tateshi FUJIURA, Teruo WADA, Yoshifumi NISHIURA, Hideo IKEDA, Tingxi L ...
    2010 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 143-151
    Published: March 01, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam.72.143
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    Experiments on a cherry tomato harvesting robot for a mobile cultivation facility were performed. In this report, the outline of the robot and the image recognition system are discussed. Cultivation beds were hung from 2 poles ; each pole was attached to a rail installed high in the greenhouse. The beds were moved under the rail by electric power. Plants were trained vertically along the poles. The robot consisted of a 6-axis manipulator, an end effector, a 3-D vision sensor, a personal computer, and a simple wheeler. The 3-D vision sensor scanned the plants with infrared and red laser beams. Reflected lights were detected by a PSD. Of the 247 fruits that were present in the visual field, 209 were recognized.
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  • Robot for Harvesting Cherry Tomatoes in Mobile Cultivation Facilities (Part 2)
    ——Harvesting Experiment——
    Tateshi FUJIURA, Teruo WADA, Yoshifumi NISHIURA, Hideo IKEDA, Tingxi L ...
    2010 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 152-159
    Published: March 01, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam.72.152
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    Experiments on a cherry tomato harvesting robot for a mobile cultivation facility were performed. In this report, the harvesting end effector, image recognition in order to avoid obstacles, and harvesting experiments are discussed. To harvest the fruit along with its calyx, the harvesting end effector was equipped with a semicircular component and a press band. The end effector grasped the peduncle between these components and detached the fruit at the joint. Five paths were programmed in order to avoid collisions. Obstructions in each harvesting path were recognized by processing 3-D image, and the path with the fewest obstructions was selected. Of the total number of fruits, 81% were successfully harvested, and 98% of the harvested fruits had an intact calyx.
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TECHNICAL PAPERS
  • Yield Mapping Using Method of Measuring Yield Every Meshes (Part 2)
    ——Working Efficiency and Evaluation of Yield Map——
    Kunio TATEISHI, Osamu YUKUMOTO, Yutaka SASAKI, Kyo KOBAYASHI, Kazuto S ...
    2010 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 160-168
    Published: March 01, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam.72.160
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    We investigated the suitability of the harvest method for mesh-based yield mapping and evaluated the efficiency of the yield map. The time required for the measurement using a 10×10-m mesh was about 6-8 minutes, which was about four times in comparison with the combine. Compared with the conventional method, as for the work time, it was about the same in field, but to be the whole that it includes for yield measurement in a half. The mesh-based method was as effective as the conventional method because the yield forecast in terms of the mean yield was the same with both the methods, but the fluctuation indicated by their methods was considerably different. The yield map and a quality map, which was derived using a tested grain sampler, were used to investigate the influence of fertility and soil moisture content.
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  • Labor Saving Technology for Transplanting Chinese Yams Using a Seed Tuber Transplanter (Part 1)
    Mitsuhiko KATAHIRA, Ken-etsu UEDA, Hayato SHINDO, Kou ABE, Yukiya KOBA ...
    2010 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 169-176
    Published: March 01, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam.72.169
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    Chinese yam seed tubers are typically transplanted using manual operations, is slow work. Therefore, expansion of production centers does not greatly increase profits. To improve this problem, we produced a seed tuber transplanter for Chinese yams that comprises a two-row switching holder, a rotary ridger, and a seed tuber hopper. We investigated labor saving technology for transplanting Chinese yams.
    This seed tuber transplanter of Chinese yams planted seed tubers at 40cm intervals and 7cm depth at 2.2h/10a ; 98% of the tubers were aligned in the proper direction. The necessary labor was 60% compared to that of conventional work. This seed tuber transplanter has 8.8ha coverage and a 7.8ha break-even point area. Using the transplanter, which improved the working posture of the user's back and legs, increased the AC1 rate by 44%, the level of labor load by 93% from that necessary for conventional work. Chinese yam cultivation using seed tuber transplanter increased yields by 1.4 times and the standard range by 1.2 times. Farmers who used this seed tuber transplanter showed an increase of their cultivation area 1.2-2.0 times.
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  • Development of a Measurement Device for Root Diameter of Sugar Beets
    Mitsuyoshi SHIMAZU, Youichi SHIBATA, Takashi KATAOKA, Hiroshi OKAMOTO, ...
    2010 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 177-184
    Published: March 01, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam.72.177
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    A nondestructive and continuous measurement device for sugar beet root was developed. This device can be installed between sugar beet stocks and operates for a long time without any external power supply. Since the device is able to measure the horizontal dilation of the sugar beet in the soil by being placed vertically on the ground, it could be applied in an actual field. Experimental results showed a small margin of error which indicates the possibility of practical applications. The ability of the device to monitor roots during growth provides information which may improve the prediction of the harvesting time, hence, the yield and reduce the costs spent on growth investigation.
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  • Development of Torque Measurement Device for Engine Output Shaft on Head-feeding Combine Harvesters
    Muneki TOMITA, Yoshiyuki KAWASE, Hiroyuki TAKAHASHI, Kazufumi SHIMIZU, ...
    2010 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 185-191
    Published: March 01, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam.72.185
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    A torque-measuring device for an engine drive shaft in head-feeding combine harvesters was developed to collect data for fuel consumption studies and exhaust gas emission tests. This device does not require irreversible alterations on tested combines and is designed to measure torque without any power loss. The margin of error for this device was less than 6% in static torque measurements. The data measured during harvesting operations showed a correlation with that of prior studies. These results indicate that this device will be effective in further studies.
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