All issues
Volume 53, Issue 6
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
S. MURATA1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 1-2
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2068K) -
Shun-ichi HATA, Munehiro TAKAI, Kazuhiko OHMIYA1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 3-10
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAccurate measurement of the ground speed of agricultural tractors is fundamental to automatic control of field equipments or a tractor performance monitor, by which a high field working accuracy or a maximized energy efficiency can be obtained.
As a fundamental research for the development of a new speed sensor, the measuring characteristics of micro-wave Doppler radars were investigated under various working conditions. Based on these results, an ultra-sonic Doppler speed sensor was developed. This speed sensor has a high measuring accuracy in a low speed range. The basic measuring accuracy, the dynamic response and the error resulting from field conditions, air temperature and wind velocity were analyzed experimentally. These analyses show that the developed speed sensor works with a sufficient performance in practical applications.View full abstractDownload PDF (3364K) -
Influence of Clod Size Difference on Inclosure Times of Chloropicrin Gas into SoilMasafumi MITARAI, Toshio FURUCHI, Jun SAKAI1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 11-21
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe improvement of soil structure to bring out the maximum ability of fumigans and the development of proper application mechanism which is based on the physico-chemical characteristics of soil fumigants are necessary to improve the safety in fumigating operations and the efficacy of pests control in the soil.
The purpose of this work is to consider the effect of clod size on the movement of chloropicrin gas in the soil.
The relationships between clod sizes and permeability coefficient, diffusion coefficient and diffusion patterns of chloropicrin in the soil were measured in the laboratory. It was cleared that the gas diffusion coefficients in the case of clods smaller than 10mm∅ were 1/7-1/700 times as that in atmosphere and 1/10-1/50 times as that in the clods of 15-20mm∅. The clod diameter smaller than 10mm seemed to be suitable for the soil fumigation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1871K) -
Fundamental Character of Measuring SystemMasaru KASHIWAZAKI, Osamu KITANI, Tsuguo OKAMOTO, Toru TORII1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 23-31
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe measurement of field is one of the important points for the field work automation. In this study, an ultrasonic sensor was used as the device for measuring field profile with non-contact method. The three dimensional profile measuring system was composed of a measuring frame similar to an agricultural gantry system, and of the ultrasonic sensor. In this research, rectangular parallel pipes, an inclined plate, and circular cylinders were measured for the fundamental study. The field profile was also measured. The results showed that the rectangular parallel pipes and the inclined plate were measured exactly, but circular were difficult to be measured exactly. The field profile on which the water was sprayed was measured exactly.View full abstractDownload PDF (1703K) -
Two-Dimensional StateTeruo TAKAHASHI1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 33-40
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper a computer-aided method for the calculation of soil cutting force is described. The simultaneous equations for both the stress on a blade and the soil shear stress are derived from the slip surface in the soil. The input data are width, length, cutting depth and angle of the blade, soil cohesion, angle of soil internal friction, soil-metal adhesion, angle of soil-metal friction, and apparent density of the soil.
The calculated results showed accurate, the error being less than ±20% as compared with Hatamura's experimental data in loam soil, and almost agreed with the results by Hettiaratchi's method at the cutting angle of 45° in clay soil.View full abstractDownload PDF (1178K) -
Impact Dynamic Mechanism of Unsaturated Soil CompactionAshenafi T. ABEBE, Minoru YAMAZAKI, Akira OIDA, Hiroshi NAKASHIMA1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 41-48
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalytical information of the mechanism of transient soil compaction was derived from the interrelations of impact velocity Vi and initial soil density ρ0, under confined impact loading of unsaturated soil. The evaluation of the stress, strain and time was expressed based on the stress wave quasi-critical state concept. The degree of compaction of the soil for various impact velocities was determined using energy stored or exhausted. The compaction of soil under dynamic loading was characterized with the relationship between void space and stress ratio.View full abstractDownload PDF (1043K) -
Utilization of Redundancy for Obstacle AvoidanceNaoshi KONDO, Yasunori SHIBANO1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 49-57
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA redundant manipulator with 8 degrees of freedom in which an articulated manipulator with 5 degrees of freedom was attached to a polar coordinate manipulator with 3 degrees of freedom was made as a trial with the purpose of making the best use of the characteristics of both manipulators. A visual sensor was attached to the redundant manipulator end.
In this study, a method was adopted in which the position of the manipulator was calculated mainly in 3 degrees of freedom and the posture in 5 degrees of freedom. Fruit grasping experiments were done using this redundant robot. Based on the results, the mechanism and the control method of agricultural robot which will be used for the crops having complex shapes were investgated.View full abstractDownload PDF (3465K) -
Turning Control at Field Ends and Shortest Path ControlKoji KITO, Isao NISHIMURA, Tsuneo KAWAMURA1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 59-66
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe turning angle control system which was discussed in the Part 1 was applied to the turning control at field ends and the shortest path control. The turning control at field ends was realized by a microcomputer based on programmed control system with feedback of actual turning angle. The shortest path control was devised to improve the working efficiency. First, the steering angle and time between each steering are measured by the angular rate sensor, and the winding data of the row of paddy rice are collected. Second, the shortest path of combine is calculated from these data and the automatic steering control is done along the path.
In this paper, the above control are described and their performance are analyzed by actual field experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1276K) -
Ikuo MATSUDA, Hiroshi MORISHIMA, Yasuhisa SEO, Yasuyuki SAGARA, Kenji ...1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 67-74
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHeat balance of a spiral oven was measured and compared to that of the tray oven previously measured. Heat efficiency of the spiral oven was higher than that of the tray oven. Hence exhausted energy of the spiral oven was lower. Suppose the reuse of exhaust gas, the recovery of exhausted energy of the spiral oven is easier. The bread cooler for energy recycling was investigated. A part of the cooling room was cooled by ambient air, so cooling of bread depended on weather. Energy recycling system was proposed by using energy accounting diagram of oven and bread cooler.View full abstractDownload PDF (1282K) -
Kenji IMOU, Hiroshi MORISHIMA, Yasuhisa SEO, Yasuyuki SAGARA, Koji FUK ...1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 75-81
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPerformance characteristics tests have been carried out on a new heat collection system which has been developed for the purpose of utilizations in thermal treatments or unit operations of foods and agricultural products. The system can be operated as a solar radiation heat collector with two-phase natural circulation of working fluid and/or a direct expansion heat pump, depending on the conditions of insolation, ambient air temperatre and heat demand. In natural circulation mode, the collector efficiency was assessed to be more than 50%, and the COP was found to vary in the range of 2.5-5 when the system was operated as a heat pump.View full abstractDownload PDF (3189K) -
Hiroshi TAKENAGA, Torayoshi KAWAMATA, Akira HOSOKAWA, Hiroshi MORISHIM ...1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 83-91
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEnergy requirement in each stage of the refining process of rice bran oil was (1) estimated by survey at a industrial rice bran oil refining plant, (2) measured experimentally using desktop glassware apparatuses with personal-computer in our laboratory, and the results were discussed.
Refining processes that were used in the factory were mostly in order to measure both energy and mass balances with ease and adequate accuracy. Each stage of refining was as follows. Dewaxing, Degumming, Neutralizing, Washing Dehydrating, Decolorizing and Deodorizing. Also, these steps might be necessary if expensive centrifuges were not to be used in refining.
The crude oil used in these experiments was purchased from the factory. It was extracted with hexane from rice bran.
The experimental results of each refining process are summarized. The total energy required to refine 1 ton of crude oil was 3944MJ. And the total energy required to produce 1 ton of refined oil was 7350MJ. The authors were satisfied with this value when compared with the factory value of 3152MJ. The final refined product was 53.7% in weight of crude oil. Then the refined oil was of a good enough flavor and taste.View full abstractDownload PDF (1509K) -
Shuso KAWAMURA, Motoyasu NATSUGA, Jun-ichi HIMOTO, Kazuhiko ITOH1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 93-96
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (662K) -
M. HIGUCHI1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 97-102
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2652K) -
1991 Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 103-108
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1300K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|