JOURNAL of the JAPANESE SOCIETY of AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Online ISSN : 1884-6025
Print ISSN : 0285-2543
ISSN-L : 0285-2543
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Volume 48, Issue 2
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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  • Some Thoughts on Research and Development in Agricultural Mechanization
    Michio BABA
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 159-160
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.159
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • The Application Characteristics of Electrostatic Spraying with Electrodyn (II)
    The Deposit Characteristics of Charged Oil Droplets
    Masaki MATSUO, Mitsuo IIMOTO, Toshitaka UCHINO
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 161-167
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.161
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    Using an ICI Electrodyn of electrostatic handheld sprayer which is a direct (contact) charging system with earthed electrode, the deposit characteristics of its charged oil droplets were mainly tested and discussed.
    In this study, the following experimental conditions were adopted and varied: kind, size, shape and edge notches of sample piece, target support method, target height from ground, arrangement and number of targets, nozzle height from target and charging voltage. The total deposit volume, deposit density, circumference concentricity and wrap aroud of these droplets were measured to evaluate the effect of electrostatic spray. In order to obtain the reappearance at these tests, aluminum plates or foils were selected and used as alternative materials of plant target.
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  • Studies on Intellectualization of Agricultural Machinery (On the Artificial Tactile Sense)
    Part 3 Estimation of the Viscoelatic Parameters of the Farm Products via ARMA Method and Its Applicability to Quality Control
    Yoshio IKEDA
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 169-179
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.169
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    In order to develop the artificial tactile sense of the agricultural robots for harvesting, sorting and grading tho farm products and controlling their qualities, the hardware and software for measuring the hardness which reflect the maturity and freshness were designed and discussed. The author introduced the ARMA method using the random excitation for real time estimation of the parameters which could indicate the hardness of the farm products considered as the linear viscoelastic body and applied the average response method for obtaining the output signal of the high SN ratio. Eased upon these measurement techniques, the viscoelastic parameters indicating hardness of the farm products were estimated and the variation of the quality during storage under various conditions was investigated. As the results of these investigations, it was revealed that the hardness of apple flesh could be detected by the methods developed in this paper and the variation of hardness could be restrained by keeping the storage temperature lower and/or by wrapping the fruits with the polychroride vinylidene film.
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  • Study on Indirect Thermal Decomposition of Biomass (I)
    Thermal Decomposition of Non-Compressed Biomass in Vacume
    Jinzo NAGAHIRO
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 180-186
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.180
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    In order to decide the standard design criteria required in the basic design of a high performance bio-gas and charcoal generator of small size, the first basic researches on the indirect thermatl decomposition of biomass put loose in a quartz glass tube evacuated were carried out.
    Consequently, it became clear that the most practicable thermal decomposition temperature was about 800°C. And, the experimental results at 800°C may be summarized as follows:
    (1) Quantities of gases and charcoal generated from unit mass of biomass were 1.68m3/kg, 0.32kg/kg (Husk) and 2.42m3/kg, 0.15kg/kg (Sawdust) respectively.
    (2) Calorfific values per unit volume of generated gases were 12.1MJ{2890kcal}/m3 (Husk) and 13.2MJ{3150kcal}/m3 (Sawdust) respectively.
    (3) The estimated time required for the thermal decomposition of both biomass are about 10 minutes similarly.
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  • Soil Failure by Introducing Fluid under Pressure (Part 3)
    A Powered Rotary Chisel with Pressurized Air Injection
    Ken Araya
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 187-193
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.187
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    A powered rotary chisel is a rotary type subsoiler. Three factors favored this concept: (1) power can be directly transmitted more efficiently than through drawbar pull; (2)elimination of the draft of tillage tools reduces the need for heavily weighted wheels, thereby reducing soil compaction; and (3)elimination of draft allows tillage to be performed in difficult traction conditions.
    The research reported in this paper was conducted to reduce more efficiently the power requirements of this system by introducing fluid under pressure from the tip of the chisel to break down soil layer. The fluid used in the injection will be sewage sludge but, since laboratory chisel tests were carried out in a soil bin, air was used in this study because it could be handled more easily than sewage sludge.
    As a result, no matter which direction the blade was rotated, both chisel torque and draft force became approximately zero, and the soil surface was upheaved because of a cavity formed in the soil layer when pressurized air was introduced.
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  • Drying Characteristic of Tea Leaves (I)
    Effect of the mechanical action of a primary drying tea roller on tea drying
    Hitoshi YOSHITOMI, Fujio NAKANO, Hiroshi TAKIYA, Katsuhiro SUZUKI
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 195-202
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.195
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    In order to clarify of the drying mechanism of tea leaves in tea manufacture process, some experiments for obtaining the drying characteritic of tea leaves were taken mainly in the primary drying process which was the important drying process in the tea manufacture. The results may be summarized as follows: The tea leaves in the primary drying process indicated constant rate drying or the close state as against that they indicated falling rate drying in static drying, and this phenomenon was caused mainly by the action of stir arm in the kinetic actions of a primary drying tea roller. The drying rate of tea stems was greater than that of tea leaves in the primary drying process as against that the drying rate of tea stems was less than that of tea leaves in the static drying. Based on these reults, we discussed the reason why the tea leaves indicated constant rate drying in the primary drying process, and proposed the intermittent drying model by stiring besides the water squeezing by kinetic action.
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  • Drawbar Performance of 4-wheel Drive Tractors
    Effect of Speed Difference between Front and Rear Tyres
    Hiroyuki TAKAHASHI, Shigeru YAGI, Kunio NISHIZAKI, Norikazu OHTAKE, Yo ...
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 203-210
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.203
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    The object of this study is to understand the effect of speed difference between the front and rear tyres on 4-wheel drive tractors and to search for the optimum range of the front and rear speed ratio.
    The prediction of the drawbar power was carried out with the approximate formula of exponential function on a drawbar pull and a slip of wheel and with the results of the power take-off performance test on the tractor used for this test. The result was that the optimum value of the front-rear speed ratio was 1.00 where the maximum value of the maximum drawbar power was obtained.
    And then the drawbar performance test have been carried out with the 4-wheel drive tractor. The result was that the optimum drawbar efficiency was obtained within the range of the front-rear speed ratio of 0.95 to 1.05. This result was the same tendency as that of the prediction.
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  • Studies on Three-Point Linkage for Rotary Tilling Tractor (II)
    Characteristics of Driving Shaft and Design Theory
    Jun SAKAI, Takao IKEMI, Hideyuki ICHIKI
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 211-218
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.211
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    The mechanism of the three-point linkage for rotary tilling tractor is closely connected with the driving shaft for rotary tiller. This report describes the relationship between the rotational effect of the driving shaft and the mechanical constants of three-point linkage from the standpoint of design theory, and shows it is possible to synthesize the mechanism by using the ratio of each cosine value of crossing angles of the driving shaft. The abnormal vibration of the tiller which may occur at lifting and the stability of power transmitting at tilling are affected by the cosine ratio of the crossing angles. An adequate two dimensional basic model of three-point linkage system is possible to be calculated from this by application of non linear optimization method.
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  • Studies on the Coating of the Vegetable Seeds (Part 3)
    Drying and Storing of the Coated Seeds
    Sadami YADA
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 219-224
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.219
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    This experiment was carried out to investigate germination of the coated seeds being stored on the various conditions and drying characteristics of newly coated seeds which were also processed by fluidized drying equipment. The relation between the moisture content of newly coated seeds (Y) and drying hour (X) could be discrived by Y=aebx. Where, X; drying hour in min, Y; moisture content in %, a; initial moisture content in %, e; drying efficiency in %. In a drying air of 40°C, it took 60-90 minutes to dry untill moisture content of 6-7% in the coated seeds. In view of the reduction of germination and vigour, the storage period of the coated and non-coated seeds was not significantly different under the same storage condition. The coated seeds in the polyethylen and paper receptacles could be stored for 2-6 months with various storage receptacles at room temperature.
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  • Interactions in Soil-lug System (Part 1)
    Characteristics of soil reaction on a lug with lug angle of 30 degree
    Takashi TANAKA, Hiroshi NAKASHIMA
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 225-232
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.225
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    As a part of study for analysis of basic interactions between soil and a lug of wheels for paddy field operation, characteristics of soil reaction are measured by indoor experiment using soil bin and small lug wheel under the conditions of various slippages and total numbers of lug with the lug angle of 30 degree.
    As a result, lug position at maximum soil reaction and relations of position of acting point and direction of reaction vectors are clarified and it turned cut that thrust efficiency of lug becoms maximum at 30% slippage in case of 12-lug condition.
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  • Analysis of Transient Response for Behavior of Walking Type Rice Trasplanter
    Niasasuke ICHIKAWA, Peng CHEN, Mitsushi YAMASHITA
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 233-241
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.233
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    This report analyzed the theoretical transient vibration of chassis of the walking type rice transplanter which get over the obstacle by the wheels in the paddy field of hardpan. Since the seedlings that are putted on the seedling tray must be considered the mass and moment of inertia of seedling mats as function of time, the differential equation of motion of chassis are nonlinear differential equation and it is difficult to obtain the analytical solution. Because the transient response is the phenomenon of short period, if the decrease of mass of the seedling mats can be neglected, the differential equation of motion can be solved as the linear differential equation. Simulation of the optimum parameters of the elements of suspension will be also investigated by the method of experimental design.
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  • Development of Computer Measurement System in Field Test (Part 2)
    On the Tillage Performances of Rotary Tiller
    Minoru KOMATSU, Michiuki OKAZAKI, Ukito HIROTA
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 242-246
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.242
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Development of conepenetrometer using the microcomputer
    Atsushi SAWAMURA, Junichi SATO, Fukuji MIYAZAWA, Tomokazu YOSHIDA
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 247-251
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.247
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  • Physical and Electrical Properties of Agricultural Chemicals
    Toshitaka UCHINO, Masaki MATSUO, Mitsuo IIMOTO
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 253-255
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.253
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  • Separating Accuracy of Developed Weight Separator of Silkworm Cocoons for Separation of Male and Female
    Yasuhisa SEO, Akira HOSOKAWA, Masao NAGATA, Hiroshi MORISHIMA, Tutato ...
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 257-260
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.257
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  • Performance of the Riding Type Rice Transplanter with Granular Fertilizer Distributor
    Katsuo YAMASHITA
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 261-265
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.261
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  • Development and Afforestation Planning against Desertification and Any Potential of Agricultural Mechanization in the Maowusu Desert, Inner Mongorian Autonomous Region, China (1)
    Masayuki KOIKE
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 267-270
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.267
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  • An Effective Use of Low Volume Water Power Energy for Agriculture
    Takeshi KAWASAKI, Akihiro MIYAZAKI, Masamichi DAIKOKU
    1986 Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 271-275
    Published: 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.48.271
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