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Volume 68 (2006)
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Volume 68, Issue 6
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
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T. TAKEHARA2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 1-2
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 3
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 4
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 5
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 6
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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Mitsuhiko KATAHIRA2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 8-11
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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Eiji MORIMOTO2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 12-14
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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Yoshitada KITAKURA2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 15-19
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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Yasuhiro HIGUCHI2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 20-21
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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M. KAMEI2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 22-23
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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M. YASHIRO2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 24-26
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
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Tomohiro TAKIGAWA, Tsuyoshi HONOMA, Quang ZHANG, Tofael AHAMED, Payung ...2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 51-58
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper proposes a new hitch control method to improve the tracking ability of a towed trailer. Though steering controls of a trailer's wheels have been used to obtain better trailer tracking performance, such a control device requires a steering mechanism attached to the trailer's wheels. Consequently it cannot be applied to conventional trailers. This paper proposes that the tracking ability of a trailer can be enhanced when it is pulled by the movable hitch point of a tractor. This type of control system can be used with any conventional trailer without modifying the trailer itself. This paper describes the development of the control system, theoretically examines hitch position control, and evaluates the performance of the control through computer simulations and experiments. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the hitch position control are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1058K) -
Development of Robot and Recognition of FruitYongjie CUI, Masateru NAGATA, Yoshinori GEJIMA, Qixin CAO2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 59-67
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe harvesting of strawberry grown on annual hill top is hard because the operation is done with a bended waist on long hour every day. As such its mechanization is constantly being pursued. The successful mechanization of harvesting for strawberry requires advanced capabilities, because the fruits are small and prone to damage. A strawberry harvesting robot equipped with two color cameras (one for positioning and another for picking) was developed. Authors carried on the study of the robot, which can precisely harvest the fruit without damage through cutting and holding the peduncle. The development of the robot and an experiment on recognition of fruit were presented in this paper. Experiment results showed that this robot could detect actual fruits for picking from the image taken by the positioning camera, and move the picking camera to a position whose coordinates were calculated from the image. Thereby the robot was recognized to be able to capture an image of the actual fruits for picking.View full abstractDownload PDF (12644K) -
Tsuyoshi OKAYAMA, Sakae SHIBUSAWA, Toshikazu KAHO, Hiroki UMEDA, Shini ...2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 68-74
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of this study was to improve the accuracy of predicting soil parameters (moisture content: MC, soil organic matter: SOM) of a real-time soil sensor using additional information from underground soil images. Color features, 2-D fast Fourier transform spectra, auto-correlation function (ACF), and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) were employed as information from underground soil images. In the experimental field, ‘Contrast’ of GLCM could detect obstacles on the soil surface. The PLS model which had soil reflectance spectra and features of ACF as explanatory variables showed the best result (RMSE=2.04) for MC prediction. On the contrary, the image features did not help improve the performance of the models for SOM prediction in the experimental field.View full abstractDownload PDF (7572K) -
Improving Emergence Rate by Press Roller Attached to SeederIchiro INANO, Hiroshi MOMONO, Takeshi SUZUKI, Takatoshi ARITA2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 75-82
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to ensure that the emergence rate of sugar beets is greater than 85%, the optimum pressure of the press roller attached to the Seeder and the pulverized ratio of the prepared soil were evaluated for several fields. In andosol fields, an 85% emergence rate was realized when the field showed 60% of less than 4.75-mm clod size distribution and soil at a depth of 10-20cm had a cone index higher than 1.1MPa.
Multiple regression analysis performed for soil from lowland fields showed that it had a highly significance among an emergence rate, a cone index of 5-15cm depth and a distribution rate of less than 4.75mm clod size. From these results, it is concluded that well-pulverized topsoil and well-compacted soil under the seeds ensure good emergence of sugar beets.View full abstractDownload PDF (1086K) -
The Soil Compaction to Middle-layer for Increasing EmergenceIchiro INANO, Masatoshi ONAMI, Takeshi SUZUKI2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 83-90
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the part 1 of this study, 60% of less than 4.75mm diameter clod size and high compressing force of the press roller attached to the seeder are required to achieve an 85% emergence rate. This study describes that the emergence rate can be increased to 85% by increasing the compaction of the middle-layer soil prior to rotary harrowing and by adding 10-kg weight on the press roller. The middle-layer soil compaction increases both the cone index of soil at a depth of 5-20cm, and the liquid-phase rate of soil at a depth of 1-11cm. The emergence rate obtained using this method was better than that obtained by conventional tillage. Although rotary harrowing damaged the capillary phenomenon between the middle and the seed layer, the high cone index achieved by middle-layer soil compaction and the soil reconsolidation achieved by the press roller were considered to replicate the phenomenon.View full abstractDownload PDF (3582K) -
Development of Flail-Knife Fine-Crusher for Chopped Wood MaterialsDaizo YAMAGUCHI, Koichi SHOJI, Tsuneo KAWAMURA, Hiromichi ITOH, Hisash ...2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 91-100
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA transportable fine-crusher for crushing chopped wood was developed and tested, with the view of subjecting the processed material (finely crushed material) to subcritical water treatment before ethanol production. The fine-crusher consists of a flail-knife rotor and a rotary sieve of circular or elliptical pores, both rotating on a common shaft. The experimental parameters were the pore size of the sieve, the speeds of the rotor and sieve and the feeding rate and moisture content of the material. The specific energy requirement of the rotor and the indices of the shape of the crushed material (fractal dimension and weighted average diameter) were measured. The pore size of the rotary sieve and the moisture content of the material were identified as significant parameters. The fractal dimension correlated negatively with the weighted average diameter of the crushed material and can be used as a practical indicator. The optimum driving conditions within the range set for the experiment to produce the finest material at the lowest possible energy requirement for both types of sieves were 1750rpm for the rotor speed, -30rpm for the sieve speed, 1.5mm for the pore size of the sieve, 10gs-1 for the feeding rate of material, and 15.5% d.b. for the moisture content of the material.View full abstractDownload PDF (3628K) -
Measurement System and its PerformanceMasaaki OMINE, Yoichi SHIBATA, Kazunobu TORIYAMA, Ryouji SASAKI, Tadas ...2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 101-108
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe “Canopy Green Measurement System” was developed for remote sensing of canopy spectrum. This system consists of a computer for logging data and analysis and an improvised Canopy Green Meter that uses two wavelengths (550 and 800nm), and can measure canopy green index at 0.7s intervals continuously over a wide area. One person can operate this system. The suitable measurement conditions are 5m distance, 1.6m height, brighter than 50, 000lx, and order light. The canopy green index is closely correlated (r>0.93) with the SPAD value, nitrogen content, and amount of dry matter, and can be used to evaluate the state of nitrogen nutrition. This system is more efficient than SPAD Chlorophyll meter and is a useful sensing technology for growth information.View full abstractDownload PDF (9270K) -
Marcos Antonio NEVES, Toshinori KIMURA, Naoto SHIMIZU, Kiwamu SHIIBA2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 109-116
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn overview on the potential application of wheat milling by-products as substrate for fermentation in a small-scale bioreactor is presented. Model fermentations were conducted using glucose and dry baker's yeast. The overall ethanol yield was nearly stable (c.a. 0.35g/g), independent of mash glucose concentration. An overall ethanol productivity (Qv) of 3.48g/L⋅h was obtained using 100g-glucose/L as substrate. Slurries containing low-grade wheat flour (LG) (100, 200 or 300g/L) were used for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with Z. mobilis. The LG fermentation performance was evaluated based on the final ethanol concentration (P), Qv, ethanol yield (YP/S), ethanol production rate (Qp) and the glucose consumption rate (Qs). Mashes containing 200g-LG/L produced about 52g-ethanol/L, with an Qv of 2.17g/L⋅h. Based on the relatively high fermentation rate obtained from LG, reaching peak productivity after c.a. 9h of SSF, considerable savings on fermentation time was achieved, compared to industrial batch processes. In the year 2000 c.a. 0.34 million tons of LG were produced in Brazil; assuming that this by-product could be fully used as feedstock, the potential for producing bioethanol from LG would be 78.2 million L.View full abstractDownload PDF (1050K) -
Necessary Accuracy for Cotyledon Orienting MechanismKen KOBAYASHI, Kenta SHIGEMATSU, Sadao SASAYA2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 117-123
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo obtain design data for an automatic seedling feeding device used with a semi-automatic grafting robot for cucurbitaceous vegetables, we examined the accuracy required for a seedling orienting mechanism by tests on the cucumber and its rootstock, i.e. pumpkin. As a result, the tolerance of the cotyledon direction when feeding seedlings to the grafting robot was ±45° from the specified direction for cucumber or ±35° for pumpkin. And if the seedlings were fed to the robot within these tolerances, it was expected that they were cut without affecting their graft-take or growth. In addition, we confirmed that the growth increment of seedling decreased as increased damage to the cotyledons during grafting. Furthermore, damage to cotyledons of the rootstock influenced graft-take more strongly than that to scions.View full abstractDownload PDF (3437K) -
Husking Properties of Impeller Type Husker and Changes of Brown Rice Quality During StorageTung Hoang LY, Kiyokazu GOTO2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 124-129
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA large amount of grain loss frequently occurs in developing countries especially in South-east Asia due to inappropriate post-harvesting processes. In our previous report, the influence of the drying conditions on husking properties using the rubber roll type husker was mentioned. Compared with the rubber roll type, the impeller type husker has additional advantages such as stable husking rate and easy maintenance. Therefore, we considered the possibility of introducing the impeller type husker to developing countries. In this research, the correlation of drying and husking conditions with quality of brown rice were examined using the rubber roll and impeller type husker. The results showed that the impeller type husker is useful from the viewpoints of stability of husking rate and high power efficiency.View full abstractDownload PDF (962K) -
Ei SEKI, Yasuro SUGIURA, Kunio MORIMOTO, Yoshiji OCHIAI, Kazuto SHIGET ...2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 130-137
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe current method used to evaluate the exhaust gas emission produced by agricultural machines was designed for off-road vehicles, but it was not designed for the actual operating conditions of agricultural machinery. In this report, a new evaluating method of the exhaust gas emission was proposed using a survey data of actual tractor operations with tractor implements and compared to the current method. The actual exhaust gas emission maps were obtained for eight types of tractors and compared. As a result, a different amount of exhaust gas emissions (CO, HC, NOx) was detected by using the new test method as compared to the current evaluation method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1344K) -
Michihisa IIDA, Yusuke YAMADA2006 Volume 68 Issue 6 Pages 138-143
Published: November 01, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, a driverless combine harvester is described, that is equipped with a GPS and a gyro sensor, and which has been developed to harvest rice automatically. This combine was examined to harvest rice continuously six strips in a field. A target trajectory for harvesting was planned using the GPS position data of rice measured previously. The combine could harvest rice completely, and the R.M.S. of the lateral error for the target straight path and the R.M.S. of the turning angle error were 95mm and 1.3 deg, respectively. The maximum of the lateral error against the next target path was 140mm after turning at corner of the field.View full abstractDownload PDF (3400K)
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