All issues
Volume 61, Issue 2
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
T. FUJIKI1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 1-2
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1953K) -
Nobuhito MURAI1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 4-11
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (17158K) -
M. NAKANO1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 12-13
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1869K) -
N. TANAKA1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 14-15
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3427K) -
K. TOSAKI1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 16-17
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3202K) -
Xiu Lun WANG, Nobutaka ITO, Koji KITO1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 37-43
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to prevent soil adhesion on the rotary tiller cover. Vibration frequency of 25Hz, 30Hz and 35Hz was applied to the rotary tiller cover for a test soil condition. Distribution and weight of soil stuck on the rotary tiller cover were measured. As a result, it was found that for any test condition, the vibration frequency of 25Hz, 30Hz and 35Hz showed a remarkable effect on preventing soil adhesion to the cover, especially the vibration frequency of 30Hz was the most conspicuous.View full abstractDownload PDF (1075K) -
Measurement of Top Fresh Weight by Soil Coverage ModelToshiyuki SUZUKI, Haruhiko MURASE, Nobuo HONAMI1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 45-51
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of this study is to develop a non-destructive growth measurement of the plug seedlings population by the model that describes the relationship between the growth of plug seedlings populations and growth indices obtained from their image information. In this paper, the non-destructive measurement of the top fresh weight of the cabbage plug seedlings population based on three types of soil coverage models was examined. To calculate the soil coverage, binary images of cabbage plug seedlings were extracted using the chromaticity level of g component. The predicted top fresh weights of test plug seedlings populations based on the soil coverage model were fitted well with the actual them, and the best coefficient of determination R2 was 0.90.View full abstractDownload PDF (2714K) -
Julius Caesar Villacorta SICAT, Masafumi MITARAI, Masateru NAGATA1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 53-59
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to establish design parameters for a walking tractor handle that would cause minimal stress on the operator. Specifically, the muscular electric spark characteristics of operators were observed using surface EMG and analyzed in relation to different bodily postures and walking tractor handle specifications.
Analysis of muscular electric spark characteristics of operators during load handling showed that a downward arm-forearm position is more advantageous, in terms of minimizing muscular stress.
Changing the leg positions also had slight and intense effects on the muscular electric sparks at 0 to 30°and 30 to 50° leg angles, respectively.
As for the handle specification, the 35mm diameter handle consistently recorded the least percent increase in muscular electric spark curve integral. Furthermore, the 650 and 800mm handle elevations resulted in significantly lower muscular electric spark increases as compared to the 950mm handle elevation. Shifting from maximum to minimum handle angles resulted in 6-33% lower percent increase in muscular electric spark intensities at 580 and 620mm handle widths.View full abstractDownload PDF (1123K) -
Utilization of Textural Features in Segmented AreaUsman AHMAD, Naoshi KONDO, Seiichi ARIMA, Mitsuji MONTA, Kentaro MOHRI1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 61-69
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWeeding is an essential operation for maintaining the beauty of lawn fields such as golf course and garden. Since intensive chemical spray is not desirable, it is necessary that the weed area is discriminated from lawn area. However, both weed and lawn usually have similar green color in summer. A method using textural features extracted from an image was investigated for detecting weed area in this paper.
Three textural features, Contrast Angular Second Moment, and Inverse Difference Moment were extracted from 9 or 16 regions in an image with and without image smoothing. The results showed that the features extracted from weeds' size well-fitted segmented image area with image smoothing could discriminate weed regions from lawn regions in lawn field.View full abstractDownload PDF (2888K) -
Position initialization method for autonomous traveling by using least squares methodTakehide INAHATA, Tomohiro TAKIGAWA, Masayuki KOIKE, Toshio KONAKA, Ak ...1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 71-79
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new positioning method for agricultural robots with a simple laser sensor was developed. At the initializing stage of autonomous traveling, the position and the direction of an autonomous vehicle at a standstill should be fixed as the x and y coordinates and the angle with respect to x coordinate on a field map. This paper deals with a positioning method for initializing, in which a simple laser sensor was used to measure direction angles of light reflectors set around a field. The position and the direction of the vehicle was calculated by the least squares method, which enabled us to estimate measurement accuracy, and give the covariance matrix of the obtained position and direction. Field experiments were carried out to verify the measurement method. The accuracy obtained by the method was within 4cm in a 40m 40m field. Application of the dilution of precision factor are also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1247K) -
Evaluation of Degree of Danger Related to ManipulatorMitsuji MONTA, Naoshi KONDO1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 81-90
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFinal goal of this research is to develop a safety and efficient system for agricultural robot which is able to do the cooperative work with human workers in the same working environment. In this paper, a conception of safety and efficient robot system was discussed, and secondly, a degree of danger was evaluated. Thirdly, a manipulator control according to the degree of danger was simulated by a computer. From the results, it was observed that the robot could safely and efficiently be controlled by determining its motion based on the degree of danger.View full abstractDownload PDF (1670K) -
Human Sensing System in Working Environment of ManipulatorMitsuji MONTH, Naoshi KONDO, Kenji NAKATSUKA1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 91-100
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the part 1 of this series, a conception of safety robot system, an evaluating method of degree of danger, and computer simulation of manipulator control using function for degree of danger were discussed. In this paper, a sensing system for detecting of human worker was investigated. First, ultrasonic sensors and infrared sensors were selected for detecting distance between human and robot and for sensing of human existence, respectively. Secondly, basic experiments of the sensors were carried out. Furthermore, an algorithm to discriminate a human worker from background was developed. Experimental results showed that the sensing system could extract information of human location and could detect human motion.View full abstractDownload PDF (1334K) -
Masami UENO, Masaaki OOMINE, Takeshi SHIKANAI, Koichi HASHIGUCHI, Taka ...1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 101-110
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome models based on the M. G. Bekker's empirical equation describing the relationship between pressure and sinkage of a footing are widely used for the prediction of distribution of ground contact stress to analyze the traveling performances of a wheel. Although these models are simple and useful in a practical sense, improvements are necessary for precise prediction because of the some faults. For example, the deviation of normal stress distribution with slippage cannot be expressed. In this study, the parabolic distribution model for normal stress was modified by taking into consideration the effect of slippage. Furthermore, the Janosi's model for tangential stress was extended to represent a peak within the tangential stress-slip displacement relation. A prediction system for ground contact stresses, drawbar pull, torque and time series of these quantities of a wheel was developed by using these models. Predicted results were confirmed good applicability by the comparison with experimental results of traveling tests by a model rigid wheel on the sandy ground.View full abstractDownload PDF (1453K) -
Takuo KOKURYU, Sakae SHIBUSAWA, Takao Miyashita, Akira SASAO1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 111-117
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDirect sowing on moistened paddy (DSMP) system enables to improve the ratio of seeding emergence and rice growth but poor lodging resistance. The object of the work is to establish a new way of evaluating the lodging resistance. Using a new designed instrumentation drawing out a rice stub with roots, lodging resistance of rice was measured for three varieties and three levels of crop density in a few weeks after heading. Shapes and amount of soil clod attached with roots were correlated with root density, and also they had a relationship to the properties of drawing resistance of stub. Recommendation was to reduce the seeding density or to enhance the rice tiller for increase in anti-lodging ability.View full abstractDownload PDF (5548K) -
Recognition between Healthy and Diseased LeafYutaka SASAKI, Tsuguo OKAMOTO, Kenji IMOU, Toru TORII1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 119-126
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDiagnosis of plant disease is important for environmental preservation. It must be designed for labor-saving and progress of work efficiency in the actual management system, so this automation is a significant theme for the future. The final goal is the construction of an automatic diagnosis system for plant disease. This article reports on the automatic diagnosis that uses spectral reflectance and filtered images. The results obtained were as follows; 1) It was found that 500, 500, 650 and 700nm were good for the recognition of visible injury by spectral reflectance. 2) Diagnosis by images using 500, 600 and 650nm band-pass filter showed better performance than the use of other band-pass filters. 3) After making distinction parameter that distinguished healthy and diseased leaves, the distinction rate of error was under 5%.View full abstractDownload PDF (1412K) -
Application of the Hyphenated PCA-ANN regression Model to the Absorbance Obtained by NIRSTadashi GOTO, Haruhiko MURASE, Yoshio IKEDA1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 127-136
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor determination of moisture of the processed Japanese green tea, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were applied to the absorbance that were provided with near infrared spectoroscopy (NIRS). The 3-3-1 hierarchy type PCA-ANN (principal component analysis-artificial neural networks) regression model used the first three PCA scores as input signal, and the water content as output signal, showed that the standard error of prediction (SEP) and the correlation coefficient (r) between the actual value and the predicted value of water were 1.547%w. b. and 0.998 in prediction set respectively. This value of SEP was decreasing to about 30-73%, compared to the conventional multiple linear regression (MLR), principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) regression model, and this model performed with a high accuracy of prediction in prediction set. The efficiency of the combined model of PCA-ANN regression becomes clear as the modeling for multicollinearity in variables and non-linearity between the moisture content covering a wide range in tea processing and the absorbance provided with NIRS.View full abstractDownload PDF (1546K) -
Prediction of Temperature in FRP Solar HouseRidwan RACHMAT, Kazuo HORIBE1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 137-146
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom the viewpoints of energy saving, the use of benign energy for environment and rice quality, the utilization of solar radiation coupled with an air dehumidifier for brown rice drying was devised to possibility. The purpose of the present study was to develop a mathematical model for simulating the solar dehumidification system for brown rice drying in a Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) house. The paper described here was the work intended to evaluate a prediction method of temperature variation on each part of the FRP house when with and without a solar collector. The prediction method used was mathematical model derived from heat balance on each part of the house. The predicted values for the air inside the FRP house agreed well with the experimental actual values.View full abstractDownload PDF (1276K) -
Its Formulation and Forward ManeuverJun-ichi TAKEDA, Ryo TORISU, Ken-ichi TANAKA, Joe IMAE1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 147-155
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTractor operation in headland considering the human operator characteristics and mechanical inertia from the steering wheel to the front wheel is discussed. The initial steering angle was set at zero degree up to and after the headland. During turning at the headland, the steering angle did not change instantaneously because of the mechanical inertia from the steering wheel to front wheels. In this paper, the actual phenomena were considered in the state equation of the vehicle model. Field tests were carried out to evaluate the theoretical results. The obtained results were in good agreement. Thus the developed model and the proposed method can be applied for autonomous agricultural tractors and robots. Part two of this paper will discuss both forward and backward motion of the vehicle.View full abstractDownload PDF (1285K) -
Development of the Scheduling AlgorithmI WAYAN ASTIKA, Akira SASAO, Kenshi SAKAI, Sakae SHIBUSAWA1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 157-164
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn algorithm for farm work scheduling named SFSW (Stochastic Farm Work Scheduling Algorithm Based on Short Range Weather Variation) was developed based on managing the risk of daily weather variation. The risk was evaluated by costs which were then minimized in the optimization. Genetic algorithms were utilized for optimization in order to attain flexibility.
The optimization was established through two steps; the first step was to decide the proper time to do jobs by minimizing the expected costs due to the effect of daily weather, and the second step was to decide the allocation of machinery by minimizing the costs of idle time of machinery and incomplete jobs. The schedule must be updated daily in order to extend the period covered by the schedule and adjust the schedule to the most recent conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1147K) -
Tieyou DONG, Yelian MIAO, Chuanping FENG, Yoshikuni MIYATAKE, Shigeru ...1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 165-170
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution of microwave radiation power density on the drying bed in a typically structured microwave drying chamber was analyzed based on the antenna theory and experimental data. The results showed that, when material with a relatively large dielectric loss factor to be dried is spread fully over the drying bed in a drying chamber, which is the most common condition for large scaled microwave drying, the material on the drying bed will first absorb most of the radiation energy of the incident microwave from the mouth of the microwave guide connected with the drying chamber. The distribution of microwave radiation power density on the drying bed could be determined by analyzing the radiation pattern of the open-ended microwave guide.View full abstractDownload PDF (769K) -
Mitsuhiko KATAHIRA, Eiji BEKKI1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 171-180
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe characteristics of dehumidified drying of raw garlic bulb in a closed air recirculation system was investigated under different air conditions with temperatures of 15, 25, 35 and 40°C and humidifies of 30, 45, and 60%. The rate of weight reduction were 0.16%/h for 40°C-30% r. h., 0.04 to 0.14%/h for 15 to 35°C and 30 to 60% r. h. compared to 0.08%/h by natural shade drying in the open air. The final moisture content of cloves in a garlic bulb was not reduced to less than 63% in every experiments. Thermal efficiency was 25.8 to 36.2% under 40°C-30% and 35°C-30 to 60% r. h., respectively, and lower at air conditions of 25°C-60% r. h. and 15°C-45 to 60% r. h.. Energy efficiency curve, which indicate the energy required to remove one (1) kg of moisture, increased as an exponential function with decreasing temperature and humidity increase. Water and heat balance equations were proposed for dehumidified drying in a closed air recirculation system. These equations were verified by calculations using the figures obtained in the experiment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1464K) -
Susumu KOHATA, Hideto YAMAMOTO1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 181-189
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDevelopment has been done to prepare the functional board or sheet made from the charcol powder processed at high temperature, HTCP, which has some functions such as humidity adjustment and gas absorption. The process to prepare board or sheet has been investigated by conjugating HTCP with sodium alginate or chitosan as an adhensive, and also with waste dried rush, waste shell powder, or distillery waste water from sweet potato shochu as a binder. The composite boards were a thickness of about 10mm and the best compressive strength among them was 109kPa. The binder of waste dried rush was effective to improve the compressive strength of the board. The sheets obtained gave a thickness of 2-3mm, and their best tensil strength and expansion rate were 12.7kPa and 128%, respectively. Waste dried rush and distillery waste water from sweet potato shochu employed as a binder, and also glycerol employed as a flexibilizer were so effective as to make the sheet with suitable tensil strength and flexibility.View full abstractDownload PDF (10091K) -
Koichi OHTOMO, Tadashi KISHIMOTO1999 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 191-195
Published: March 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAsparagus harvesting is expected to shift from manual to mechanical for the stable farm management and scale enlargement because of the shortage of part-time workers. Authors started the development of a low-cost asparagus harvester with sensors for industrial use. A contact sensor was introduced for the asparagus recognition system. Through the preliminary experiments, the sensor could not detect the asparagus at ambient temperature as it is coated with insulating material. It was found that the material was removed with increasing temperature as it consists mainly of wax. The sensor can detect the asparagus with the contact element heated to about 40-80°C. The recognition rate was almost 100% when the temperature of the contact element was 70°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (744K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|