JOURNAL of the JAPANESE SOCIETY of AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Online ISSN : 1884-6025
Print ISSN : 0285-2543
ISSN-L : 0285-2543
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Volume 56, Issue 1
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    J. KAMIDE
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 1-2
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Development of Off-road Vehicle with Rotating Crawlers (Part 1)
    Mechanism of the Vehicle and Characteristics of its Running Device
    Hiroaki YAMAMOTO
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 3-12
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.3
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Many concepts of the vehicle used for off-road locomotion have been considered and the author has tried to develop a vehicle with 4 rotating crawlers. The vehicle overcomes rough terrains or obstacles by the following track-system motion; each crawler housing is rotated around the center of its driven shaft and changes road clearance. A differential gear is used to connect the rotating shafts of right and left crawlers to bring the both crawlers into contact with the ground and keep chassis horizontal. In this paper, the structural and mechanical characteristics of the vehicle are discussed and the ground contact loads of each crawler are analyzed.
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  • Rough Rice Drying by the Paddy Container (Rart 2)
    Heated Air Drying by Electric Heater
    Satoshi MURATA, Kiyoshi MIYAUCHI, K. S. P. AMARATUNGA, Yosiaki HORI
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 13-20
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.13
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    Paddy containers equipped with fans are also available as forced air dryer in a fine ambient condition. However, there is a danger of paddy wetting in rainy or cloudy humid conditions. To improve it, an electric heater with small capacity was set up in front of the fan. The drying capacity was sufficiently increased by this method, providing a stable method of drying under high humid climatic conditions. The method is also economically worthwhile in terms of power consumption.
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  • Finte Element Approach to Heat Transfer Coefficient during Precooling of Packed Fruits and Vegetables (Part 2)
    Determination of Critical Average Heat Transfer Coefficient
    Shun-ichiro TANAKA, Sadato ISHIBASHI, Kazuhiro NAKANO, Masayuki UEZONO
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 21-28
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.21
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    The purpose of this work is to obtain a critical average heat transfer coefficient (CAHTC) or a critical superficial velocity (CSV) and to evaluate the condition of cooling operation in pressure cooling system. In this paper, these coeffcients or velocities for packed model spheres and packed fruits and vegetables were determined by FEM and experimental cooling. As the results a CAHTC of packed model spheres was 46.5W/(m2·K). The CAHTC for packed of Unshu Mandarin was 23.3w/(m2·K) and the CSV for these fruits and vegetables describes a parabola with the minimum value in the region of supereicial velocity of 0.2-0.4m/s.
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  • Discrimination of Internal Quality in Intact Watermelons Using Auto-Correlation Function of Vibration
    Jie Yu CHEN, Mitsuru MIYAZATO, Etsuji ISHIGURO
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 29-36
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.29
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    An impact force response method was investigated for nondestructive discrimination of internal quality of watermelon, especially maturity and warn damage. Besides, a polynomial equation was fitted to the peak points of auto-correlation function for vibrational signal caused by the impact force for watermelon. As a result, the curve fitting procedure successfully predicted the mass of each ripe watermelon. The unripe and warn damaged watermelon had variations in auto-correlation function and quantified by thresholding the error of predicted mass, while cracked watermelons were detected by thresholding the standard deviation in the curve fitting procedure.
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  • Damaged Fruits Inspecting System by Machine Vision (Part 2)
    Defects Evaluating Algorithm by Gray-level Differece in Near-infrared Image
    Xiaoming LI, Toshio IWAO, Tateshi FUJIURA, Sakae SHIBUSAWA, Kouichi TA ...
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 37-44
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.37
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper describes the detecting algorithm of defective peach to develop an inspection system by machine vision. The detecting algorithm of defective peach was developed based on the differences of the gray-level between normal and defective, ultilizing superslices algorithm and the method of discriminant analysis. Two methods had been investigated in detecting the defects such as worm hole, scar, rot, squash and peeled. Anyone can exactly split the defects from the peach images.
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  • Basic Studies on Robot to work in Vineyard (Part 2)
    Discriminating, Position Detecting and Harvesting Experiments by Using Visual Sensor
    Naoshi KONDO, Yasunori SHIBANO, Kentaro MOHRI, Mitsuji MONTA
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 45-53
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.45
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    In this report, spectral reflectances of parts of grapevines were at first measured in order to select pairs of optical filters which were suitable for discrimination by visual sensor. Secondly, experiments to discriminate each part were done by using R, G, B filters and interference filters. From the result, it was able to discriminate not only between different color parts but also between similar color parts of grapevines. Thirdly, experiments to detect positions of bunch and rachis and to harvest bunches were done by using the manipulator, to which CCD camera was attached. It was observed that the detecting errors were reasonable since such errors were able to be absorbed by harvesting hand.
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  • Studies on Cucumber Harvesting Robot (Part 1)
    Investigation of Cultivation Training and Mechanism of Manipulator
    Seiichi ARIMA, Naoshi KONDO, Yasunori SHIBANO, Jun YAMASHITA, Tateshi ...
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 55-64
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.55
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Cucumber is widely cultivated fruit vegetable in Japan, and its fruit grows rapidly. In this paper, an automatization of cucumber harvesting system by robot was investigated. At first, an inclined trellis training in which robot could detect and approach fruit easily was devised and evaluated for robot harvesting. Secondly, a manipulator with 6 degrees of freedom, based on the basic mechanism which was adapted to the inclined trellis training, was made as a trial. Besides, the cucumber harvesting system was investigated by using some evaluation indexes such as operational space, manipulatability and posture diversity. From the results, it was considered that both mechanism of robot and cultivation technique must be jointly investigated to develop the robot harvesting system.
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  • Steering Control for Articulated Vehicle (Part 2)
    Estimation of model parameters for articulated vehicle
    Satoshi OKE, Haruhiko MURASE, Yoshiaki NAKAMURA, Nobuo HONAMI
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 65-70
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.65
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The overall objective of this study is to develop an automatic steering system of an articulated vehicle. In part 1, the feasibility of application of modern control theory to this steering control system was studied, based on a steering control model developed specifically for an articulated vehicle. In this study, estimation algorithms applicable to the determination of model parameters from experimentally obtained training data were examined. The study showed that the estimation algorithm with the parallel estimator, including the adjustable compensating element, was effective for this problem. It was confirmed that the experiments gave satisfactory data for the continuous oscillatory conditions.
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  • Reducing Effect by No-tillage Farming on Carbon Dioxide Produced from a Field
    Naoki SAKAI, Satoshi YONEKAWA, Osamu KITANI
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 71-78
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.71
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    The authors examined a reducing effect by no-tillage farming (NT) on the production of carbon dioxide (PCO2) from agriculture which was concerned in the world. Firstly, we made a list of various production units of carbon dioxide. Secondly, we discussed the reducing effect by NT on the PCO2. The PCO2 from chemicals was less than 10% that from fuel consumed by machinery. The subtotal PCO2 from fuel and chemicals was notably reduced by NT. But the subtotal PCO2 from crop residue, soil respiration and manure was too much as compared with the subtotal PCO2 from fuel and chemicals, so the reducing effect by NT weakened apparently. But importance of the reducing effect on fossil energy input of which NT has is unchangeable.
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  • Measurement and Control of Water Status of a Plant (Part 3)
    Optimal Control of Water Status
    Toru TORII, Tsuguo OKAMOTO, Osamu KITANI
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 79-86
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.79
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    It is not desirable for the control of water status of a plant, to overshoot the desired value because fruit cracking is caused by too much watering. In this report, optimal control of water status of a plant was studied with an optimal regulator. A plant response model was identified by least squares method. An optimal regulator was used to control the water status of the plant, and a Kalman filter was used to estimate state variables. The covariance of the Kalman filter was determined by simulation. Feedback gain was also determined by varying the weight matrices in the simulation. In the experiment, the ratio of the weight matrices were varied between 0.1 to 10.0. The optimal control experiment showed good agreement with the simulation, and it showed good results for control of water status of plants.
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  • Basic Study for Automation System in Seedling Production and Transplanting Operation of Vegetable (Part 1)
    Characterization of Vegetabls Seedlings to Facilitate Mechanical Sorting and Trans-planting
    Osamu SAKAUE
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 87-93
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.87
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Control of Tomato Cladosporium Fungus by Ozone Water Spraying
    Masaki MATSUO, Makoto TAKAHASI
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 95-99
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.95
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Development of Testing Eqiupments for the Shattering Habit of Paddy (Part 1)
    Trial Manufacture of Equipments and Testing Procedures
    Tomohiko ICHIKAWA, Takao SUGIYAMA
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 101-107
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.101
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Numerical Simulation Using the Engineering Workstation
    Application to the Bush Cutter and the ROPS
    Masayuki KOIKE, Toshio KONAKA, Tomohiro TAKIGAWA, Toru KAJI
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 109-115
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.109
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • The Front Status of Vegetable Breeding
    Hiroaki YOSHIKAWA
    1994 Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 117-120
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.56.117
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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