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Volume 61, Issue 6
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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K. SHIMIZU1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 1-2
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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China (Part 1)Yoshiteru YAMAMOTO1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 4-13
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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N. UMEDA1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 14-15
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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T. TANAKA1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 16-17
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Proposition for featureOsamu KINOSHITA, Masateru NAGATA1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 43-49
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVarious features for distinguishing strawberry shape were studied. Firstly, twelve features were proposed by the authors based on their past research findings and experience. Secondly, the statistical distribution of these features was examined. We then analyzed whether only one feature is enough or multiple features are required for distinction. Consequently, the statistical distribution of each feature for A and B grades showed two types: ones with inter-grade difference and ones without inter-grade difference. The former type also showed inter-species differences. It is considered that distinction cannot be made with any single feature, but requires a combination of more than one feature.View full abstractDownload PDF (940K) -
Selection for featureOsamu KINOSHITA, Masateru NAGATA1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 51-56
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe analyzed which type of feature allowed sufficient distinction and determined whether interspecies differences could be recognized using this feature. In this research, we considered the statistical analysis method for feature selection and then tested the validity of the distinction model using the selected feature. The statistical model was found to be appropriate for selecting the most suitable feature that was species dependent. A high correlation was achieved in terms of the precision of distinction overall. It is considered that the method using statistical analysis for feature selection, at the stage of constructing a distinction model, is a useful supplementary means.View full abstractDownload PDF (849K) -
Stem Extracting MethodYoshinari MORIO, Yoshio IKEDA1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 57-64
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study proposes the quantitative analysis of cut rose's stem using the shape measurement. In this paper, Area extracting method (AEM) and Width extracting method (WEM) were developed to detect a stem part. AEM utilizes the area difference between leaf's parts and stem's parts and WEM does the width difference of those parts. The petal part was removed well by the hue, and the leaf part was removed using Median filter and the stem position estimated by image segmentation and multi-regression curve. As the result, it can be said that WEM has a higher applicability than AEM. But the maximum positioning error of WEM between extracted stem and true stem was two times as the maximum width of sample stems.View full abstractDownload PDF (1184K) -
Kenshi SAKAI1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 65-71
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSViolent bouncing phenomena arise when a tractor runs on a road under certain conditions and such a violent vibration may lead to fatal accidents. In this report, the bouncing phenomena of tractors were investigated theoretically. A mathematical model was developed to describe tractor bouncing phenomena as a forced nonlinear oscillator. Frequency response analysis was conducted to identify the nonlinearity of the developed model. Periodic, period-doubling, quasi-periodic and chaotic vibrations were observed by numerical experiments. The results suggested that the developed model can describe unexpected violent vibrations that may cause fatal accidents in a tractor's operations.View full abstractDownload PDF (966K) -
Yutaka SASAKI, Tsuguo OKAMOTO, Kenji IMOU, Toru TORII1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 73-80
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAutomatic diagnosis of plant disease that will become a important technique for plant management in the future was suggested and was got some results in the past study. Until now, 650nm is important for diagnosis of plant disease, and P0 and Th_M0 which are distinction parameter between healthy and diseased leaf was invented using its wavelength information. This article reports on new results in next; 1) Distinction parameter which was made until now has good distinction rate in outdoor. 2) Several parameters were combined by genetic programming (GP) which was installed, and it makes new parameter that have better distinction rate.View full abstractDownload PDF (3069K) -
Selected Parameters Related to Soil FailurePrathuang USABORISUT, Masayuki KOIKE, Akira YODA, Jun-ichi SATO, Yoshi ...1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 81-89
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFurther experiments were conducted to clarify the dynamic shear strength of sandy loam soil which aimed to simulate soil failure in the field during operations of a tractor inclusive of its turning action at headland. The soil failure characteristics were observed and discussed in relation to the shear strength and the critical state theory. The dynamic shear strength and the critical state were examined under specific test combinations and significant failure appeared within a specific range of the applied load. Below this specific range, it was found that the soil specimen did not fail in spite of higher number of cyclic loading. On the other hand, some cases of higher cyclic loading were subjected to soil failure on the way of the trace of first loading cycle. The required number of cyclic loading at failure state and some related parameters were also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1215K) -
Fabrication of an acclimatization system and characteristics of Plug-in grafted seedlingsYoshifumi NISHIURA, Nobuo HONAMI, Tomoaki TAIRA1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 91-101
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn previous reports, we investigated the performance of a fabricated processing apparatus that could perform the Plug-in method as a new grafting method using tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). As a result of those grafting experiments, we found that it was necessary to evaluate the joining performance not only by the grafting success ratio but also by the growing activity of grafted seedlings after the acclimatization process. And also we found that it was important to develop a system that provided optimum acclimatization conditions. Therefore, in this paper we describe the performance of a fabricated acclimatizing apparatus for making high quality grafted seedlings. We found that an ultrasonic humidifier was able to maintain a stable temperature and humidity and was able to quickly respond to changes. We also report on the performance of grafted seedlings with the Plug-in method using this fabricated acclimatization system. Seedlings grafted with the Plug-in method whose joining shape is equaly direction, have a large joining area and a full contact. Therefore, these seedlings have the capacity to discharge large amounts of nourishment and water between the scion and stock, and both the top and root were grown in balance. The interaction between sink and source in these grafted plants is demonstrated to be sufficient. Moreover, scion overgrowing stock was never observed because the stem of the stock perfectly matches the stem of the scion with respect to both the axial centers and the circumference.View full abstractDownload PDF (8709K) -
Robotization of grafting operationYoshifumi NISHIURA, Nobuo HONAMI, Tomoaki TAIRA1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 103-112
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to develop an automatic production system for grafted seedlings on the basis of the “Plug-in Method” which is a new grafting method based on physiological principles. We previously reported the efficiencies of the “Plug-in method” based on the shaping, joining, ac climatizing and growing of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seedlings. In this paper we describe a fabricated semiautomatic grafting robot system that performs the “Plug-in Method”, and report its performance and some problems of robotization. Its performance was 90% successful and 1.4 times processing speed as fast as cutting grafting by hand process. It had some problems concerning gripper performance, cutting resistance, cutting tips removal, aligning, and insertion force in joining scion and stock.View full abstractDownload PDF (6573K) -
The Experimental Study about the Characteristics of the Co-Generation System by Sawdust GasificationYukimaru SHIMIZU, Tsuneo MATSUDAIRA, Makoto HOKI1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 113-124
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe co-generation system by sawdust gasification has been developed. The gasification reactor is vertical fixed bed type and heat resources for gasification depends on partial oxidization of sawdust by the air sucked through the bottom of the reactor. The produced gas is washed and is converted to electric power it the gas engines and generator. Waste heat energy is recovered as hot water and is converted into hot air which is used for drying lumber. The efficiency of energy recovery is beyond 50% in this co-generation system. The mechanism of reaction in the gasification reactor is not clear, so we measured the characteristics of this system which is represented the product gas, residue and so on. And we investigated the condition of the inside reactor which was stopped after 5 years operation. Consequently a part of the reaction condition in the gasification reactor became clear.View full abstractDownload PDF (4882K) -
Distance Measurement of Apples by Using Stereo ImageShu-huai ZHANG, Teruo TAKAHASHI, Hiroshi FUKUCHI, Ming SUN, Hideo TERA ...1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 125-130
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn our previous papers, the temperature distribution characteristics of the apples, leaves and branches were measured in real time using the infrared thermal image equipment, and the relation between the temperature changes of apples, leaves and the air temperature was analyzed. Moreover, a pattern recognition method based on a genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed for detecting the apples. Using those previous results, this paper developed a corresponding method between the right and left stereo image of apples, which is based on a simple similarity by the Euclid distance. Therefore, a distance measuring method of apples was proposed through the above corresponding results of stereo image. The results showed that the corresponding method proposed was useful to the stereo image of apples and had high accuracy. Moreover, the maximum error of distance measurement was about 17cm (about 8% compared to the real distance).View full abstractDownload PDF (4181K) -
For Front-wheel-Steering VehiclesLilik Sutiarso, Tomohiro TAKIGAWA, Masayuki KOIKE, Hideo HASEGAWA1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 131-140
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA trajectory control algorithm for front-wheel-steering vehicles was developed for the motion of such vehicles, which has a constraint known as “nonholonomic constraint”. The trajectory control algorithm steers the vehicle from a starting point to a destination along the path described by a polynomial function without conflicting with this constraint. Though the polynomial function was determined directly from the initial and final conditions of the vehicle's trajectory design, iteration was required to design the trajectory of a mounted implement. The direct application of the algorithm could not stabilize the motion of the rear-mounted implement while the vehicle traveled forward, but it was confirmed through simulations that the algorithm was applicable by reversing the running direction. Thus by reversing the time, the trajectory of the implement mounted on the rear end of the vehicle could be controlled even in forward traveling.View full abstractDownload PDF (1287K) -
Michihisa IIDA, Tomofumi MAEKAWA, Masashi KUDO, Mikio UMEDA1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 141-147
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe automatic follow-up vehicle system (AFVS) is presented. In order to save time and labor in farming, the AFVS allows one operator to utilize more than two machines simultaneously. In this system a computer-controlled vehicle chases the operator-controlled vehicle. Ultrasonic sensors are used to measure the relative position between vehicles (Part 1). The sensors were mounted on two head-feeding combines. Chase experiments by combines were performed on the road. The presented AFVS successfully demonstrated high accuracy regardless of offset.View full abstractDownload PDF (2676K) -
Optimizing method of harvesting by Genetic AlgorithmLiya SUN, Masami UENO, Masaaki OOMINE1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 149-157
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSApplication of Genetic Algorithm to improve the harvesting method of sugar cane were examined by using the unit yield model and the sugar content model proposed in the previous paper taking into consideration the characteristics of cropping type. In this paper, the method to optimize the harvesting sequence and the starting date of harvesting was discussed. At first, it was shown that the problems were regarded as combination optimizing problem, then formulation of Genetic Algorithm was carried outaccording to some basic assumptions and the analyzing method was developed concretely. The transition equation was described relating to the calculation of fitness value. Characteristics of the composite vector of cropping type and the transition matrix were clarified, and the values of those were determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (1559K) -
Comparison and Evaluation of Detecting SystemsHiroshi OKAMOTO, Shun-ichi HATA, Munehiro TAKAI1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 159-167
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to develop a crop-row detector which can be applied to row-following control systems. In this paper, the method for crop-row detection was developed. In this method, first, a crop-row image is divided into far and near fields of vision, and brightness (Green and Red) of pixels is integrated vertically. Secondly, integrated values are calculated (G-R or G/R). As a result, peaks of these graphs correspond to positions of crop, and a line drawn from far peak point to near peak point becomes the detected crop-row. In the experiment on crop-row detection, two systems were tested. One is the line-sensor system (hardware processing system) that was designed for this study, and the other is the area-sensor system (software processing system) that was assembled from general devices such as a CCD camera. As a result, the software processing system was superior to the hardware processing system. The software processing system would be accurate and fast enough for practical use, though some cases of wrong detection occurred.View full abstractDownload PDF (1286K) -
Desrial, Nobutaka ITO1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 169-178
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is obvious that the tracked vehicles are superior in trafficability on the off road operation. However, their turning performance has still a considerable problem. The previous proposed concept by Ito et. al., regarding the reduction of turning motion resistance of the tracked vehicle by using circular grouser with the application of a pivot turn by controlling the contact length of the braked track have been considered as the effective ways in order to improve the turning performance of tracked vehicles. This paper discusses about the theoretical model for the estimation of the turning motion resistance for both rectangular and circular grouser track models, and for the evaluation of their ratio as well. Validation of the proposed model reveals that the estimated results were closely coincided to the experimental ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (1158K) -
The Location of the Rice Transplanter by a Real-Time Kinematic GPSYoshisada NAGASAKA, Ken TANIWAKI, Ryuji OTANI, Kazuto SHIGETA, Yasuhir ...1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 179-186
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of this study is to develop an autonomous operating system in paddy field. In this paper, the position of the rice transplanter is located by real-time kinematic GPS (RTKGPS). The yaw angle is measured by a fiber optic gyro (FOG) sensor and the roll and the pitch angle are measured by posture measuring apparatus consists of three FOGS. The inclination of the rice transplanter influences the RTKGPS position data and it includes time delay. They were corrected by measuring the roll, the pitch and the yaw angle. When the ricetransplanter was driven automatically along the desired straight path, the error from the desired straight path was less than 10cm.View full abstractDownload PDF (1215K) -
Performance test and practical application of automatic rice-milling machineEiji Makino, Takao Sugiyama, Tomohiko Ishikawa, Shunsuke Noguchi, Sato ...1999 Volume 61 Issue 6 Pages 187-194
Published: November 01, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn automatic rice-milling machine for rice-assay, which can mill rice with high accuracy in terms of milling rate and milling uniformity, was developed. The machine can also examine the milling properties of rice. This rice-milling machine is the vertical friction type, and can mill rice automatically. The structure and action of the machine were described in our previous report. The results of performance tests of the machine are reported in this paper. The machine improved on the milling accuracy (the error of milling rate is within±0.2%). The results show that the machine can be of practical use.View full abstractDownload PDF (1095K)
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