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Volume 70, Issue 3
Displaying 1-22 of 22 articles from this issue
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T. HISANO2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 1-2
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 3
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 4
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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Tadao OKAZAKI, Kiyoshi HATAURA2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 6-11
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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Environmental Burden Reduction Efforts in the Past Ten YearsYumin LIU2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 12-17
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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Research of Energy Saving in Grain DryerToshihiro MATSUYA2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 18-21
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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N. FUJIWARA2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 22-23
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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S. YAMANE2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 24-25
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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S. SATORI2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 26-31
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 32-35
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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Milled Rice CaseTuan Quoc NGUYEN, Kiyokazu GOTO2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 49-57
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMilled rice (cv. Koshihikari) was subjected to microwave radiation up to three temperature levels of 60, 70 and 80°C and kept heat-treated for 0, 1 and 3min, and then stored at 40°C for 6 months. During storage, the control (non-treated rice) showed an accelerated aging and deterioration processes. There was an initial increase followed by a slight decrease of volume expansion. The water uptake ratio, soluble sugars, total starch and soluble amylose rapidly decreased after first 1 or 2 months and then leveled off or kept low values. An increase of titratable acidity, total amylose and insoluble amylose was also specified. The above changes also occurred in heat shock treated (HST) rice, but with certain extent of delay mainly for the first 1 or 2 months storage. Particularly, the 60 and 70°C HSTs were effective in retarding aging and deterioration processes of stored rice. Extending the exposure duration pronounced such effects. The results showed that HST would benefit rice quality management during storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (1293K) -
Yuko FURUNO, Masami MATSUI, Eiji INOUE, Ken MORI, Takashi OKAYASU, Ryu ...2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 58-64
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA clarification of the air drag of grains is important for investigating the winnowing mechanism. The feed rate of the threshing unit of the combine varies with the operating speed. It is essential to elucidate the relationship between the air drag of grains and feed rate.
In this study, the flight velocity of paddy grains was measured by particle image velocimetry, and the influence of the drag of grains associated with decreasing porosity was clarified. Therefore, in order to consider this influence, a correction coefficient was formulated from theoretical considerations and experiments. The terminal velocity of the grains was calculated and compared with experimental result. Then the validity of the formulated correction coefficient was verified.View full abstractDownload PDF (2469K) -
Topographical Measurement Using Laser ScannerTae-Hwan KANG, Masahiko YOKOTA, Kazunobu ISHII, Yutaka KAIZU, Noboru N ...2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 65-73
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis research used the laser scanner mounted on the robot tractor to gather terrain information of a field, aiming to develop the new-mode field surveying system with high efficiency and high accuracy. The mounted laser scanner was scanning within 4, 8, and 12m-width from the center of the tractor, when the robot tractor was autonomously run on navigation paths with 2m space in the field. The vehicle locations and terrain information were simultaneously measured and recorded. In the case of scanning 4m-width from the tractor center line it has an average error of 4.3cm; for 8m-width the average error was 5.6cm; and for 12m-width the average error was 5.0cm. Therefore, it was concluded that the developed system has high accuracy and high efficiency for surveying the topography of the field.View full abstractDownload PDF (6651K) -
Chairat TECHAVUTHIPORN, Kohei NAKANO, Shigenori MAEZAWA2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 74-81
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo confirm the applicability of the respiration-based total ascorbic acid (AA; L-ascorbic and dehydroascorbic acids) prediction model, described in our previous research, to a wide range of commodities, the relationship between AA change and the CO2 production rate in stored cabbage, cauliflower, spinach and green pepper was investigated in an experiment involving various temperature conditions (5, 10, 20 and 30°C). The percentage of relative AA (AArel), which was normalized against the initial value, was plotted against the accumulated amount of CO2 production (ARCO2). AArel decreased with increasing ARCO2 in cabbage, cauliflower and spinach. The relationship between AArel and ARCO2 was well expressed by the equation (AArel=100 exp (-β ARCO2)) in these products. On the other hand, this relationship could not be observed in green pepper (Capsicum), which was considered a limitation of the model. The statistical test for homogeneity of regression coefficients showed that there was no difference among the β parameters of broccoli (previous data), cabbage and cauliflower, all of which belong to the genus Brassica. The β parameter of spinach, belonging to the genus Spinacia, was significantly different from the other commodities. The results obtained in this study showed that our proposed model is applicable to not only for broccoli but also for other commodities. The model could be a useful tool in designing the optimum distribution chain for these products.View full abstractDownload PDF (1279K) -
Improvement of Adaptability of Unmanned OperationYosuke MATSUO, Osamu YUKUMOTO, Noboru NOGUCHI2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 82-88
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTilling Robot can perform unmanned rotary tilling at a practical level. To improve the robot's adaptability to a variety of fields and operations, the operation overlap width and the path sequence were made variable in the unmanned operation procedure. New procedures of “diagonal operation”, in which the robot returns in a straight path diagonal to the field orientation, and “round operation”, in which the robot operates the whole field in straight paths parallel to each of the four field borders, have been discussed, and their operation software has been developed. Field tests confirmed that the unmanned operations with these procedures were successful.View full abstractDownload PDF (3138K) -
Investigation of Glycerol Inhibition ProcessWataru IIJIMA, Yuichi KOBAYASHI, Kazuhiro TAKEKURA, Ken TANIWAKI2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 89-96
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed a glycerol inhibition process for use in diesel fuel production from animal fats and vegetable oils. Optimal reaction conditions were investigated for the pyrolysis and methylation of glycerol and their effect on product inhibition was clarified. We evaluated reaction conditions and considered glycerol, mono-, di-, and triglyceride content, fatty acid methyl ester content, product composition and viscosity. Optimal reaction conditions included a reaction temperature of 440-460°C and a mixing ratio of 2:1 (oil: methanol, v/v). It is proposed that the treatment of glycerol waste could be omitted under these reaction conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1027K) -
Basic Engine Data and Prototype AlgorithmNizar JABER, Takayuki TSUKAMOTO, Noboru NOGUCHI2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 97-105
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing biogas to partially replace diesel fuel in agriculture tractors seems a good solution to reduce greenhouse gases and other pollutants. For this reason, a research project to convert a tractor to dual-fuel operation was initiated; this paper's specific aim was to develop a control algorithm feeding biogas to the engine's intake manifold. The effect of biogas addition on engine performance, focusing on break specific heat consumption and fuel replacement rates, was first studied. Then several load estimation methods were assessed and the Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor was chosen as a main load detector. Finally, a prototype algorithm was built upon an engine control unit and was tested. The algorithm was able to change biogas flow with engine speed and load, without knock and misfire.View full abstractDownload PDF (12572K) -
Development of S-shaped Monorail System and Durability TestMikio KANAMITSU, Satoshi YAMAMOTO, Keiji AJIKI, Kotaro KUBOTA, Tsukasa ...2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 106-114
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed an S-shaped multipurpose monorail system that saves an enormous amount of energy and labor in various tasks in hillside orchards with slopes of up to 30°, including spraying of agricultural chemicals, application of fertilizer, and conveyance of harvest. The system consists of two independent monorails: the main monorail, which runs up- and downslope along the edge of the orchard, and the sub- monorail, which snakes back and forth between every two or three rows of fruit trees along the contour lines in a sinusoidal pattern. Durability tests in a citrus orchard for 27 to 100h showed that the maximum wear rate of the nylon rollers of the freight cars loaded with 110kg was 0.15mm per 10km of travel.View full abstractDownload PDF (5489K) -
Development of S-shaped Monorail System and the Results of Field TestMikio KANAMITSU, Satoshi YAMAMOTO, Keiji AJIKI, Kotaro KUBOTA, Tsukasa ...2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 115-123
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn an S-shaped multipurpose monorail system developed for use in steep hillside orchards, we investigated the overturn stability of a freight car, the coverage of agricultural chemicals applied by air-blast sprayer, and the efficiency of spraying, fertilizer application, and harvesting. When a moment of 833 Nm was applied to the rolling direction of the freight car on the sub-monorail to evaluate the posture stability, the frame of the freight car was tilted at 15°to the vertical. A moment of 980 Nm damaged the rail support metal. The foliage coverage of agricultural chemicals was approximately 75%, and was superior to that by sprinkler, especially on the underside of leaves. The efficiency of spraying was 18 to 27a/h, and the efficiency of fertilizer application was 20 to 27a/h. The rate of transporting of harvested fruits in the direction of a contour line of the hillside orchard was 2.2t/h per operator. We found that the system can greatly improve the labor efficiency and reduce the amount of spray chemicals needed through improved accuracy. It can also spread fertilizer and transport the harvest with high efficiency and much less labor than by hand.View full abstractDownload PDF (1301K) -
Yinghui MU, Zhiyu MA, Masakazu KOMATSUZAKI, Hiroshi SHIMIZU, Hiroshi O ...2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 124-128
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSoil micro- and macro organisms contribute a wide range of essential services to the sustainable function of all ecosystems by acting as the primary driving agents of nutrient cycling by, for example, regulating the dynamics of soil organic matter, soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emission; modifying soil physical structure and water regimes; enhancing the amount and efficiency of nutrient acquisition by vegetation; and by enhancing plant health (Komatsuzaki and Ohta, 2007). Therefore, soil organic carbon (SOC) monitoring may be a very important technique because SOC changes are strongly associated with the global carbon cycle. To make appropriate decisions for soil and land use management, simple and convenient SOC detective methods should be developed. This paper aims to evaluate the potential of portable spectral camera techniques to measure SOC content in different types of land use. An experiment was set up at the Field Science Research and Education Center of Ibaraki University, which is located in Ami, Ibaraki, Japan (36°01′N 140°01′E). The soil type in this area (in the Kanto region) is Humic Allophane, a type of Andisol. A total of 136 soil samples were taken at different types of land use sites including fields, grasslands, windbreak areas forested by broad leaned trees or pine trees, and orchards at the ground surface layer (0-2.5cm). At each point, 3 samples were taken and dried, ground and analyzed for soil spectra and C-N coder. Partial least square (PLS) regression with validation was used to calibrate the spectral data. Soil spectral characteristics were significantly affected by the SOC content. Reflectance tended to decrease as the SOC content increased. A high correlation was observed between predicted SOC content and actual SOC content in different land use types. Consequently SOC changes due to land use management may be easily monitored by farmers or other technicians using this method.View full abstractDownload PDF (806K) -
Ryo NISHIMURA, Katsumi NISHIMORI, Naganori ISHIHARA2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 129-130
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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Yasuyuki HAMADA, Yosuke MATSUO, Takashi YAMASHITA2008 Volume 70 Issue 3 Pages 131-133
Published: May 01, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2012
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