JOURNAL of the JAPANESE SOCIETY of AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Online ISSN : 1884-6025
Print ISSN : 0285-2543
ISSN-L : 0285-2543
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Volume 49, Issue 1-2
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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  • Future of Agricultural Machinery Technology
    Osamu KITANI
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 3-4
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 7-33
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.7
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  • Study on Indirect Thermal Decomposition of Biomass (III)
    Indirect Thermal Decomposition of Compressed Biomass
    Jinzo NAGAHIRO
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 35-44
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.35
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    In order to decide the design criteria required in the basic design of an indirect thermal decomposition furnace, which is constructionally one of principal equipments of a bio-gas and charcoal with a compressed biomass feeder, the basic researches on the indirect thermal decomposition of compressed biomass, from which a large amount of coexisting air was put out, were carried out. The summary of results is shown below.
    (1) The proper compressive load ps exerted on biomass is about 5.6MPa{57kgf/cm2} for both husk and sawdust.
    (2) Calorific values per unit volume of generated gases were the largest in region of 800-900°C, that is, 13.3MJ{3200kcal}/m3 (Husk) and 13.7MJ{3300kcal}/m3 (Sawdust).
    (3) The rough standard times required for the thermal decomposition of both biomass are 14-15 minutes at 700°C and 12-13 minutes at 900°C.
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  • A Study on the Relation Between Work Load of Farmers and Size of Paddy Field
    Sakan KOMORI
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 45-53
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.45
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    Previously, the labor load of the farmer in mechanized work in paddy fields was reported. The tillage operation consists of actual work and turning work, and in general they have different working loads. The ratio of the duration of actual work to turning work differs with the size and shape of the field. Therefore, the work load in the field differs with the size and shape of the field.
    In this report, the work load of actual and turning works were measurd using walkingtypes of cultivator and tractor, and how the working load in field work is affected was elucidated.
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  • Electrostatic Spraying with Ionized Field Charging of Twin-Fluid Nozzle and Direct Charging of Spinning Disk Nozzle (I)
    Deposit Characteristics on a Cylindrical Target
    Masaki MATSUO, Toshitaka UCHINO, Mitsuo IIMOTO
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 55-61
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.55
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    The aqueous solution of Direct-Scarlet which is the red dye was sprayed to a cylindrical target with two charging methods: one was the ionized field charging with the twin-fluid nozzle and the other was the direct charging with the spinning disk nozzle. The effects of voltage, liquid flow rate, revolution of disk and distance between nozzle and target on deposit density, deposit pattern on the target and wrap around of charge droplets were discussed and two methods were compared.
    Because charged spray droplets of twin-fluid nozzle concentrated round the spray axis, the droplets were influenced by the air stream rather than the electric field, while those of spinning disk were spread widely by centrifugal force and wide electric field so that the effect of electrostatic force was larger than that of pneumatic force.
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  • Profile-graph controled by micro-computer
    Measuring curved surface of plow
    Yoshio KANO, Fusakazu AI, Kengo WATANABE, Kiyohide TOHJO
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 63-69
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.63
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    It is tried to make the profile meter which measures the curved surface of a plow in three dimensions, saves its data on a floppy disk and reproduces them on a plane board in two dimensions. This is able to measure the curved surface in the maximum size of 1250mm×1250mm×1000mm. The curved surface is measured at the each small displacement of Δx on x-z plane changing y position.
    This profile meter consists of a micro-computer and an electro-mechanical part. As the meter is supported with microcomputer and its programs, it is possible to measure the curved surface automatically and is easy to operate the meter, The error of measurement by this equipment is 0.29% against actual measured length 700mm. For more accuracy, the mechanical part of this equipment will be improved.
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  • The Study on the Vibratory Soil Cutting of Vibrating Subsoiler (Part 4)
    Dynamic Behaviour of Tractor-Vibrating Subsoiler System and the Effect of Virtual Hitch Point
    Kenshi SAKAI, Hideo TERAO
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 71-79
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.71
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    In this report, the dynamic behaviour of a tractor-vibrating subsoiler system was analyzed theoretically and experimentally. From a simulation using a mathematical model of this system and some field experiments, it was clarified that the Virtual Hitch Point (VHP) is the most effective parameter on the tractor body. vibration. By setting VHP on an optimal position, vibration of tractor body was reduced considerably. And it was also clarified that the cutting directional angle β is the one of effective parameters on tractor body vibration.
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  • Study of a Small Two-stroke Cycle Engine for Industrial and Farm Use Using Dual Fuels
    Kazuo SATO, Masamitsu NAKANO
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 81-91
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.81
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    This paper deals with the use of methanol, propane and methane which are got easy as the substitutive fuels of internal combustion engine in the small two-strok cycle engine for industrial and farm use.
    In this study, the above mentioned fuels were compared with gasoline in the respects of combustion characteristic, power performance, specific fuel consumption, scavenging performance such as delivery ratio, trapping efficiency or charging efficiency in the gas exchange process and emission gases such as carbon monoxide or nitrogen oxide, etc..
    As the results, characteristics of each fuel were found. For example, a power performance (indicated mean effective pressure) in using methanol is best and it in using other fuels is lower in order of gasoline, propane and methane. Heat release rate or maximum pressure in a cylinder is also in the same order.
    The concentration of poisonous carbon monoxide emission gas, which is produced in rich mixing, is affected remarkably by the excess air ratio. The concentration of nitrogen oxide is in the heighest level for gasoline and is nearly half for other fuels.
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  • Studies on the Radiation Drying Method for Grain (Part 1)
    Drying in Solar Grain Dryin Plant
    Kazuo HORIBE, Seiichi OHSHITA, Kenji NAKAGAWA, Shigeki HIRAOKA
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 93-101
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.93
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    For the purpose of improving the performance of plants in practical use, drying experiments were conducted and radiation properties such as transmission and reflection factor, net radiation were measured. From the experiments, prediction formulas of the drying rate for rough rice and wheat were expressed by dependent variables such as the agitated number of times, the bed depth of grain and solar radiation. The measured drying rate of rough rice was 0.30%/h in fine weather while 0.10%/h in cloudy days and these values were nearly equal to values estimated from the formula above. Few cracked kernels of rough rice were found in the drying. To increase the drying rate of this method, the tempering drying by warmed air in the house after the radiation drying was investigated. In this modified system the drying rate was raised to 0.50%/h.
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  • Failure of Heavy Clayey Soil Layers by Explosives (Part 1)
    Dotted Blasting
    Ken ARAYA, Eiichi ISHITANI, Satoshi TSUNEMATSU, Kohji OCHI, Li WU, Che ...
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 103-108
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.103
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    We experimented with sewage sludge and explosives to improve the physical properties of heavy clayey soil. The layers were tilled to a depth of 1m in order to lower stagnant water level and to accelerate the maturing of heavy clayey soil. Predicting the same effects with this tillage, explosives were buried automatically by a machine which would produce a deep ditch by injecting pressurized sewagesludge, and then the soil layer was loosened by the power of explosives. In order to collect basic experimental data, explosives were buried in the heavy clayey soil and blasting tests (dotted blasting) were carried out.
    In conclusion, if the quantity of the charged explosives was not enough, there was no change in the soil surface but a cavity was produced in the soil layer. A larger quantity of charged explosive produced upheaving of the soil surface and a larger surface of soil failure in the soil layer. The much more powerful explosives produced a scattering of the soil. The proper quantity of explosives to disrupt heavy clayey soil was empirically given by Lp=0.292W3[kg].
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  • Studies on Feedback Power and Power Transmission Systems of Closed-loop for Rotary-Tilling Tractors (Part 2)
    A Power Transmission Model and Braking Forces on Power Tillers
    Jun SAKAI, Cheng ZOU
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 109-116
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.109
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    It is considered that when a tractor is working with a rotary tiller, the tillage resistances acting on rotary blades affect the travel of the tractor which has a power source.
    The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of rotary tillage resistances to the tractor in a tractor-rotary tilling system. In the Part 1 of this serial report, it was reported that the power transmission system of a riding tractor with a rotary tiller forms a closed-loop, which consists of the “return power”, “traveling power” and “feedback power” etc.
    In this report, the power transmission model of both a riding and a walking tractor-rotary tilling system is proposed. Rotary tilling power in tillage pushes the tractor forward, and the driving wheels are preventing the tractor from walking out by their brakig forces. It is explained that the “total braking force” consists of “motion resistance” and “pure braking force”. Then, the theoretical equations of the pure braking force on driving wheels are proposed.
    Furthermore, the return power, traveling power and feedback power in the walking tractor with a rotary tiller will be discussed and the theoretical equations of power transmission efficiencies in the closed-loop will be proposed in the following reports.
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  • Studies on the Improvement of the Peanut Splitter (3)
    Resistance to Breaking of Peanut Shells
    Haruo ESAKI, Mikio YASHIRO, Osamu FUKUSHIMA
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 117-125
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.117
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Compressive strength, shearing strength and impact resistance of peanut shells as well as the tensile strength of shell rings were tested.
    The relationship between these parameters and the structure of the peanut shell was analysed and a part of the basic data for the design of a peanut splitter was presented.
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  • Design and Trial Construction of Torque Conversion Type Load Cell
    Kouhei TASAKA, Tsutomu IJIRI, Youichi SHIBATA, Yoshiaki GOTO
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 127-130
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.127
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  • A Survey on the Trouble and Repair of Head-feeding Combine
    Tadashi FURUYA, Tetsuo CHIBA, Hideyuki ICHIKI
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 131-134
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.131
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Research and Practice of Plant Protection Technology in West Germany (I)
    Akira ISHIHARA
    1987 Volume 49 Issue 1-2 Pages 135-139
    Published: 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11357/jsam1937.49.135
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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