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Volume 66, Issue 5
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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T. SUGIYAMA2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 1-2
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Yoshiji OCHIAI2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 4-9
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Ei SEKI2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 10-13
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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H. HOSOKAWA2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 14-16
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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E. KINOSHITA2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 17-19
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Examination of Reliability Model by Neural NetworkChanglin AO, Kazuhiro NAKANO, Xianzhe ZHENG, Liyang XIE2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 41-48
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes the use reliability of Chinese tractors, as assessed by measuring working hours until failure occurred in an agricultural field. A failure intensity function and reliability function for working hours before the first failure were evaluated using a nonhomogeneous Poisson process. Parameters in the Weibull process and Weibull distribution estimated using a neural network are almost the same as the results obtained with the probability paper and other statistical methods. As the shape parameter (β) in the failure intensity function is β<1, the behavior of the mean time between failures is a monotonous increase. Working hours before the first failure follow a Weibull distribution, and the shape parameter β is 1.24>1.View full abstractDownload PDF (891K) -
Chanseok RYU, Michihisa IIDA, Masahiko SUGURI, Mikio UMEDA, Tatsuya IN ...2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 49-62
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the spatial variability of rice taste with a variable rate of fertilizer application applied to reduce the spatial variability of grain yield. The amount of grain protein was compared with vegetation growth, vegetation growth index, grain yield and the amount of nitrogen applied at topdressing. Although it was difficult to reduce spatial variability of grain yield, it was possible to maintain grain yield in spite of a reduction in the amount of fertilizer applied when the variable rate fertilizer application section being 15% less than the amount of fertilizer applied at the uniform fertilizer application section. The number of tillers at heading stage, and SPAD value and plant length at ripening stage were correlated with the amount of protein. It was difficult to estimate the influence of fertilizer on a rice taste map because the amount of amylose may have a high correlation with rice taste compared with the amount of protein. When the grade of vegetation growth index is divided into 3 levels, the pattern is very similar to the fertilizer application plan map. The amount of protein at the variable rate fertilizer application section has a partially high correlation with vegetation growth, vegetation growth index, grain yield and amount of nitrogen.View full abstractDownload PDF (5070K) -
Kazuhiko NAMBA, Naoshi KONDO, Mitsuji MONTA, Akira SASAO2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 63-73
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to create a mathematical model for a responding process of a plant stoma to a given environmental condition aiming at plant growth control. A real-time measurement system was developed to observe a living plant stoma continuously for a long period in a growth chamber, using a microscope equipped with a color TV camera. Sixteen treatments were investigated by changing PPFD (Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density), CO2 concentration, temperature and humidity, under the condition that the light was turned on and off every 6 hours. From the experimental results, it was observed that the stoma response was drastically changed by the environmental conditions and that the transient response with the 1st-order lag element could be adopted for the stoma response in cases of a higher PPFD and higher temperature. It was also observed that the stoma widely opened at a lower CO2 concentration.View full abstractDownload PDF (5717K) -
Producing Entire Crop Rows Image by Montaging Continuous ImagesTakashi KATAOKA, Toshihiro KANEKO, Hiroshi OKAMOTO, Masaki TERAWAKI, S ...2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 74-82
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of this study was to develop a crop growth mapping system. A color CCD camera mounted on an agricultural vehicle acquired the crop rows' video images. An entire image of the crop rows was produced by montaging continuous video images. An index named as CIVE (Color Index of Vegetation Extraction) was tested to extract the features of the crops from the images and the overlap positions between the continuous two images were detected.
The information of the crop positions in the field was also an important index to make the crop growth map. This position accuracy in the entire crop rows' image was studied. The maximum error of positioning was ±1.5m, and the average of its R. M. S, error was calculated as 0.8m in the entire image of the crop rows of 160m length. This entire image was produced by montaging 640 images. It was summarized that this positioning accuracy was enough to produce the crop growth map.View full abstractDownload PDF (10907K) -
Jun CHUN, Ryo TORISU, Joe IMAE, Jun-ichi TAKEDA2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 83-89
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, the nonholonomic system control of feed forward control and feedback control combination was designed to realize guidance of a tractor to implement position. The designed control was used to guide the tractor to the implement position. To increase the guidance precision, a two-step control method is proposed. The guidance trajectory was computed to meet the limiting condition for maximum steering angle. The effectiveness of the guidance controller was confirmed with the computer simulation and it showed that the guidance system could guide the agricultural robot successfully on the asphalt road at a speed of 0.5m/s. At the implement position, the lateral deviation and heading angle error of the tractor were 0.03m and -1.09° respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (931K) -
Set up Method and Effects of a Rice Husk Sub-underdrainMitsuhiko KATAHIRA, Takeshi OTA, Tokumitsu NIIYAMA, Masahiro MASUYA, S ...2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 90-96
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper investigated uplandization and mechanical working technology of an upland field that was converted from a heavy clay paddy. We set up an open ditch, a mole drain, and a sub-underdrain made from rice husks in an upland field that was converted from a heavy clay paddy. These drainage works appeared to be effective for improving soil physical conditions such as the uplandization index and pulverization ratio. They also increased the yield of vegetables. The 7cm-long sub-underdrain, comprising rice husks, remained for four years after construction. The sub-underdrain maintained its drainage effects ever after circa 40% for decomposition of the rice husks through immersion in 2% NaOH.View full abstractDownload PDF (2910K) -
Farm Work Labor-saving Using the Multiple Management VehicleMitsuhiko KATAHIRA, Takeshi OTA, Tokumitsu NIIYAMA, Masahiro MASUYA, S ...2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 97-106
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study investigated uplandization and mechanical working technology for an upland field converted from a heavy clay paddy. Consistent power farming systems of green soybeans, Welsh onions, and cabbages functioned easily because of the good physical conditions of soil in this upland field. It increased the productivity and seeding accuracy for the consistent power forming systems of green soybeans to use a fertilizer drill and a simple trencher. In cultivation of Welsh onion, we were able to use the multiple management vehicle for earthing up and pest control, but we could not use the vehicle for the latter half of cultivation because of the height clearance limitation. The cultivation of cabbage using a fertilizer ridger and auto-transplanter increased the productivity rate. A W type nozzle that was put on the boom sprayer increased the acaricide deposition index and mite moratality of the latter half of cabbage cultivation. The coverage of power forming systems that used the multiple management vehicle was 19.1 ha for green soybeans, and 4.1 ha for cabbage.View full abstractDownload PDF (6029K) -
Kohei TASAKA, Satoshi YOSHINAGA, Ken-ichi MATSUSHIMA, Masahiro SEKI, K ...2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 107-116
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRelationships between weight and speed of rice seed coated with an oxygen supplier and shot with a shooting hill-Seeder, hardness of soil, and seeding depth (SD) were studied to control SD. SD in agar gel mainly depended on the above three factors, and the multiple correlation coefficient was 0.95. SD in puddled soil decreased to 53 to 92% of the preset depth through soil drying and seed removal. The distribution of SD per hill revealed that very few seeds planted too shallowly or too deeply emerged when the mean SD was 7 to 9mm. SD in different kinds of soil differed for the same three factors above. These findings suggested that SD could be controlled, but that other factors were needed in addition to hardness of soil to control SD more exactly.View full abstractDownload PDF (1353K) -
GABA Formation in Brown Rice by Micro-hydrationToshiko SATAKE, Takeshi FUKUMORI, Houqing LIU, Takamasa MESAKI, Motono ...2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 117-124
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs brown rice was processed to be of about 23% moisture by micro-hydration (at the rate of about 0.5%/h for less than about 17% moisture, or at the rate of 0.5-1.2%/h for above 17% moisture) and left for 12 hours, the content of GABA (γ-amino butyric acid) increased to 15-20mg/100g. Moreover, because of lower content of heavy cracked kernels, there were few difficulties in milling process. The content of GABA in milled rice (about 90% milling yield) and germ-retained rice (about 95% milling yield) from this brown rice was about 83% and 91%, respectively. Throughout this research, a new process for producing a highly functional rice product that is of high GABA content and tasty, compared with germinated brown rice, was established.View full abstractDownload PDF (5683K) -
Shigehiko HAYASHI, Tomohiko OTA, Toshihiko IBUKI, Keiji AJIKI, Hiromi ...2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 125-134
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA planting machine for chrysanthemum cuttings, which removes the lower-leaves and plants the cuttings in a 200-hole plug tray, was developed. The machine is composed of a supply unit, lower-leaf removal unit, conveying unit, and planting unit and is able to deal with standard-type, spray-type and small-flowered-type chrysanthemums. The lower-leaf removal unit removes the lower-leaves by the shearing force of the slit after the rotation of the brush and the up-down movement of the cutting send the lower-leaves under the slit. As a result of performance experiments, the machine could remove the lower-leaves at the rate of approximately 0.5leaf/plant, and the misplanting rate was 0.3%-4.3%. The work efficiency, moreover, was approximately 2, 000plant/(hr·person), which is the equivalent of two times the efficiency of manual planting.View full abstractDownload PDF (8779K) -
Development of Technique for Sorting Brown Rice by Combined Use of Thickness Grader and Color SorterKazuhiro TAKEKURA, Shuso KAWAMURA, Hideyuki TAKENAKA, Kazuhiko ITOH2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 135-141
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn attempt was made to develop a new technique for sorting brown rice by the combined use of a thickness grader and a color sorter in order to increase sorting yield and improve rice quality. It was found that a greater sorting yield and processed rice of high quality can be obtained by reducing the widths of the slits of a thickness grader by 0.10mm from the currently used slit widths and then removing immature kernels by the use of a color sorter. By using the brown rice sorting technique developed in this study, can be supplied the producer's income can be increased and high-quality rice to consumers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1191K) -
Mo'taz KHILAEL, Michihisa IIDA, Mikio UMEDA2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 142-153
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper seeks to develop a metering device that enables to apply both organic and chemical fertilizers. The developed metering device can meter a large capacity of fertilizer granules more than 10mm in diameter with various shapes, using a low-output motor. In experiments, the rotational speeds and shaft torques of the roller, and the discharge rates were measured in order to evaluate the performance of the developed metering device in comparison with a commercial metering device using four types of organic and chemical fertilizers. The experimental results showed the developed metering device could meter the amount of fertilizer granules consistently with a lower power consumption and lower torque than the commercial one.View full abstractDownload PDF (8326K) -
Site-Specific Fertilizer Management on Soil Variability in the Direct Sowing Precision Paddy FarmingTakuo KOKURYU, Takuo KUDO, Satoshi OKE, Sakae SHIBUSAWA2004 Volume 66 Issue 5 Pages 154-163
Published: September 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLarge scale paddy management was investigated for maintaining stability of yield and quality of rice, and for reducing environmental concerns by applying effectively slow-release fertilizers in accordance with various soil-fertility. This system is possible to reduce working hours due to the only a time application of fertilizer and the direct sowing of rice.
This system consists of four elements; first is a fertilizer application map in every 10 meters mesh size on the basis of degree of humification measured by Real-Time Soil Spectrophotometer, second is standard form to decide slow-release fertilizers in the direct sowing of rice, third is a Variable fertilizer applicator in manual correspond to a fertilizer application map, fourth is a Head-feeding combine equipped with yield sensor to make a next fertilizer application map.View full abstractDownload PDF (3677K)
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