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Volume 63, Issue 3
Displaying 1-26 of 26 articles from this issue
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T. ICHIKAWA2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 1-2
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 3
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 4
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 5
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Hiroaki YASHIMA2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 7-10
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Masayuki KANEKO2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 11-13
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Kanae MIYAZAKI2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 14-16
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Takashi SERI2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 17-18
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Yoshiki TAKAI2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 19-20
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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EV-XNobuhiro IDE2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 21-23
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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T. OBUCHI2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 24-26
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Atsushi ODA, Atsushi ESAKA, Minoru YAMAZAKI, Akira OIDA2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 43-50
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethane fermentation, originally developed as one of the methods of wastewater treatment, is recently regarded as an energy production technology for a local energy system. We constructed a complex methane fermentation system with photovoltaic solar cells for local energy production. The objectives of this study are to improve the fermentation rate of high fibrous biomass by a pretreatment of substrate and the rate of a whole year operation by the designed and fabricated complex system assisted by means of solar electric energy system. As the substrate for the fermenter, wheat bran, a typical agricultural biomass containing a lot of low-biodegradable fiber, was selected to investigate performances of this system. The running test was conducted through a whole year. As the result, it was revealed that the fermentation system showed good and steady performances that gas yield per wheat bran added and organic removal ratio were almost same as those of the conventional system, and almost all the necessary energy for operating the system could be supplied by solar energy from photovoltaic cells through a year.View full abstractDownload PDF (4987K) -
IMADE ANOM SUTRISNA WIJAYA, Sakae SHIBUSAWA, Akira SASAO, Shinichi HIR ...2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 51-58
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVariability of soil parameters: moisture, soil organic matter (SOM), NO3-N, pH and electric conductivity (EC) in a 0.5ha paddy field was confirmed using the soil reflectance collected by the real time soil spectrophotometer. Correlation analysis and stepwise multi linear regression analysis were performed after moving average smoothing, Kubelka-Munk transform and multiplicative scatter correction were applied to the soil reflectance. The results indicated that the soil reflectance was highly correlated to moisture and SOM content, and the 2nd derivative reflectance gave better regression models. Block kriging with semivariance analysis made it easy to generate soil maps of the whole field, in which a similar variability in moisture and SOM was revealed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1612K) -
Masahiko SUGURI, Keisuke IIDA, Mikio UMEDA, Tatsuya INAMURA, Tsutomu M ...2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 59-66
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe number of spikelets per area that optimizes the yield is determined by nitrogen content of paddy rice at heading stage. As the number of spikelets fluctuates in a field, estimation of nitrogen content of rice plant is essential to decrease the variation of the number of spikelets by topdressing. Using pictures taken with a CCD camera on which band-pass filters were mounted, the nitrogen content of rice plant was estimated. The wavelengths of the filters used were 535nm and 670nm, and the coefficient of determination between the total amount of nitrogen and the “Green” NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) was R2=0.87.View full abstractDownload PDF (3213K) -
Takashi OKAYASU, Koichi HASHIGUCHI, Seiichiro TSUTSUMI, Shingo OZAKI, ...2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 67-73
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInelastic deformation behavior of ground beneath footing subjected to cyclic loading was predicted by elastoplastic finite element (FE) program in which the extended subloading surface model was incorporated. Considering the translation of similarity center for the normal-yield and subloading surfaces in a plastic deformation process settlement of the footing shook down with increasing number of the loading cycles. It was verified that the settlement and compaction behavior in the simulation qualitatively agree with observed results.View full abstractDownload PDF (1439K) -
Influence of Intercellular Space Gas on Longitudinal Wave Velocity and Elastic Moduli of ParenchymaTakahisa NISHIZU, Yoshio IKEDA2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 74-83
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor fruits and vegetables of high water content, internal gas volume fraction, density, longitudinal wave velocity and quasi-static Young's modulus were measured at atmospheric pressure and higher pressure (0.1-1MPa), and the validity of the gas-dispersed model already reported was investigated experimentally. Longitudinal wave velocity was decreased as internal gas volume fraction was increased and this decreasing tendency agreed with the theoretical line. Bulk modulus dominated longitudinal wave velocity, but quasi-static Young's modulus had little influence on wave velocity. Internal gas volume fraction and density were inversely correlated. Physical property predicted by longitudinal wave velocity, therefore, was not only internal gas volume fraction but also density.View full abstractDownload PDF (3922K) -
Katsuaki OHDOI, Akira OIDA2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 84-89
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe method to find the optimum farm work schedule which becomes more complex according as the scale of farm management increases, was developed with Genetic Algorithm (GA), In this method, the fields that each machine should go to work were decided such that each machine has an equal working time a day and the shortest moving distance. The fitness value of GA was calculated in consideration of evaluation relevant to the time and the distance. The evaluation in reference to the distance should be taken as the shortest route. However, it was difficult to find the shortest route because the calculating time became too long. Therefore, the evaluation of distance had to be simplified. In this paper, it became clear that there was a high correlation between the evaluation of distance and the distance of the shortest route, and it was shown that the method to calculate the fitness value was valid.View full abstractDownload PDF (958K) -
Development of Electromagnetic Valve with High-speed ResponsivenessSatoru SATAKE, Shigeharu KANEMOTO2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 90-93
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe rice color sorter inspects every grain sliding at a high speed to remove defects such as defective grains and impurities accurately. In order to remove the defects without involving good grains by ejection air, it is necessary to investigate on the high-speed responsiveness of the electromagnetic valve and the minimum activation of the ejector nozzle. In this study, the functions of the electromagnetic valve and the ejector nozzle were investigated in detail and these parts were designed for optimum sorting.
In this report, through the development of an energy saving type high-magnetomotive force coil by increasing the magnetic flux density of coil and changing the drive circuit from continuous input type to pulse input type, it has been confirmed that the optimum response time of the electromagnetic valve is 0.7ms and the durability of the coil can be improved. The optimum design of the ejector nozzle was investigated in the 2nd report.View full abstractDownload PDF (686K) -
Analysis on Ejector NozzleSatoru SATAKE, Shigeharu KANEMOTO2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 94-98
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe ejector nozzle for the rice color sorter is a device to detect defective grains sliding on the chute by using sensors and blow them off in a moment by the air supplied from the electromagnetic valve which is controlled by signal processing circuits.
In this report, the optimum dimensions of the nozzle to meet the sliding speed of grains were determined and the minimum required amount, pressure and blowing time of ejection air were examined. As various factors are related to the nozzle, a prototype nozzle was fabricated according to the calculations based on simulation technique and its suitability was evaluated. Through these experiments, the above-mentioned dimensions, air pressure and air amount were determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (792K) -
Katsuhiko TAMAKI, Takashi SEGAWA, Yukinori SHIBUYA2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 99-105
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe radio-controlled fertilizer spreader was developed in order to carry out safety and labor saving operations in sloping grassland where a conventional wheel tractor can not operate safely. The fertilizer distributor of the air blower that can spread in both sides was mounted on the radio-controlled vehicle with rubber crawler. Its travelling performance was enough for 15 degree grassland by running at 0.5m/s. It could climb on 30 degree grassland at less than 0.5m/s, when objective coefficient of variation of spreading pattern is 40%, the effective spraying width was 54m in both sides spreading using compound fertilizer that the specific gravity was 1.61 and the mean particle diameter was 1.48 mm. In the case of the operation in the sloping grassland including the largest slope angle of 27 degrees, the operation capacity of 1.9 hectare per hour was obtained. This operation capacity might be elevated by the improvement on filed division and the method of fertilizer supplies. Fertilizer spreading operation was done using this machine in the total of 24.6 hectare sloping grassland. It could be judged that this machine could be used for a practical use.View full abstractDownload PDF (3697K) -
Reduction of broken grains by mixing soybeans with rice husksKeiich INOUE, Kanji OOTSUKA, Mitsuho SUGIMOTO, Noriyuki MURAKAMI, Wen ...2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 106-113
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo contrive a more effective method in applying the recirculating batch dryer used as rice and wheat also for soybeans drying use, the effects of the revolution rate of screw conveyer shaft in the drier and the ratio mixed with dry rice husks to soybeans were investigated on decreasing the rate of broken soybeans. The improvements on the recirculating batch drier that the revolution rate of screw shaft was reduced to 200rpm which is 45% rate from the standard revolution rate and the volumetric ratio mixed with rice husks to soybeans was 0.5 and above, resulted in the broken rate of soybeans less than 2% after elapsed 20-26 drying hours.View full abstractDownload PDF (10209K) -
Target Specifications and Three Types of Navigation SystemsYosuke MATSUO, Osamu YUKUMOTO, Yasuo IRIE, Noriaki ICHISUGI, Noboru NO ...2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 114-121
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA tilling robots, which had almost the same performance with human operation, have been developed in the study. Three types of automated navigation systems; (1) an off-the-wire type, in which electric cables are installed around a field area, (2) a GPS type, in which an inertial measuring unit is combined with, and (3) an optical type, in which an auto-tracking type surveying system is applied, were employed for the robot accomplishing the mission in various field conditions and environments. The developed robot could obtain the accurate position and the heading angle in real time using above navigation systems. In addition, the software, which could autonomously achieve tilling on the rectangular-shape field according to the detected posture information, was also developed.View full abstractDownload PDF (7150K) -
Specifications of Vehicle and Controller and Work Performance TestsYosuke MATSUO, Osamu YUKUMOTO, Yasuo IRIE, Noriaki ICHISUGI, Hideo TER ...2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 122-129
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn automatic contolled vehicle (ROBOTRA) for the tilling robot was constructed by modifying a commercial tractor (23.5kW) and by installing a controller to the vehicle. To evaluate the performance of the tilling robot, we established a evaluation tests method. The evaluation tests consist of a work performance test to check the efficiency and accuracy of the unmanned operation, a handling test to check the use and the safety of operation, and so on. We executed the evaluation tests with three navigation systems by comparing to the conventional manual work. We found that the tilling robot can perform unmanned tilling in the rectangular field area of 50×100m at almost the same efficiency and accuracy as the manual work. In the straight running performance, the robot operation was superior to the manual work.View full abstractDownload PDF (7854K) -
Energy Consumption and Drawbar Pull PerformanceWeerachai ARJHARN, Masayuki KOIKE, Tomohiro TAKIGAWA, Akira YODA, Hide ...2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 130-137
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe electric tractor (ET) was fabricated and tested as an innovative approach in providing conventional agricultural machinery which puts emphasis on zero emission and potential acceptability for women and the aged. The objectives of this study were to propose the prototype and investigate its performance for the sake of further improvement. The ET was fabricated by converting a 20kW diesel tractor. The performance tests were focused on the energy consumption and drawbar pull characteristics of the ET. As the full-charge capacity of the battery used was 7.2kW·h, the energy consumption and driving range were found to be 0.60kW·h/km and 8.35km, respectively. This performance showed an insufficient level, when considering farming requirements, due to the limited amount of battery supply as well as power transmission losses. However, the ET offered better drawbar pull performance. Since its overall mass was 1065kg, it could attain 5.76kN with 14% slip and 3.89kN with 22% slip on asphalt and hard soil surfaces. The overall efficiency of the ET in transforming electrical power to the power available at the drawbar was 0.21-0.32 on asphalt and 0.17-0.24 on hard soil surfaces. In addition to this, the forthcoming design concept and further refinement were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (3444K) -
Takuya FUJII, Akira YANO, Ryota DOI, Mitsuo IIMOTO, Akio TAGAWA2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 138-140
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Hideo HOSHIBA, Kazutaka UMETSU2001 Volume 63 Issue 3 Pages 141-146
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the operating conditions of milking robots on the Tanaka Farm for a six-month period (July 1999 to January 2000).
The results are as follows:
1. Three milking robots in three separate barns operated 24 hours a day for the six-month period and the average milking capacity was 17.0 cows per hour per three milking robots.
2. The average number of milking times per cow per day was 2.9, making it a high frequency milking operation.
3. The average ratio of teat-cup attachments per milking robot was 95%. Cows on which the robot failed to attach teat-cups returned a few hours later and the subsequent attachment attempt was successful.
4. Each barn held approximately the same number of cows. By the completion of the six-month study period, however, the number of cows on Barn I had decreased by 11, whereas the number in Barn II had increased by 8 and Barn III by 1. Ideally milking should be done with a consistent number of cattle.
5. The relationship between milk yield (Y) and number of milking times (X) is expressed in the following formula: Y=6.91X+11.34View full abstractDownload PDF (990K)
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