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Volume 52, Issue 1
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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K. SATOH1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 1-2
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2197K) -
Performance and optimal operation curve of tractor engineJun SAKAI, Jiaolong LIU, Kei NAKAJI, Cheng ZOU1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 3-10
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA system consisting of an engine, a transmission and an equipment was discussed in the previous papers to achieve efficient and easy driving at the highest fuel efficiency state. In order to introduce this controlling method to actual tractor systems, the engine performance and “optimal operation curve” were studied in this paper. Ten tractors manufactured by four Japanese companies were tested by using the PTO test equipment with a computer measuring system. Even if all the engines were new types and had almost the same rated output in their catalogues, there were significant differences between their performances. Through the analysis on the governor mechanism and the fuel supply of every stroke of injection pump, it was clarified that these differences were caused by the utilization of different angliech or torque spring apparatus.
Moreover, it was known that the optimal operation curve should be modified according to not only the fuel consumption characteristics but also the engine operation characteristics.View full abstractDownload PDF (1450K) -
Hideo TERAO, Kazuhiko OHMIYA, Noboru NOGUCHI1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 11-21
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is useful to allow a lower proof ethanol to be utilized as a diesel engine fuel by fumigation. This is because hydrated ethanol costs much less per unit of energy produced than does anhydrous ethanol. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ethanol proof on general engine performance of a diesel engine in terms of brake horsepower, brake specific heat consumption, combustion stability and NOx emission.
In case of adopting the optimal injection timing of diesel fuel, it was found that the water content in ethanol up to 40w-% showed only a small difference in the brake specific heat consumption as compared with the anhydrous ethanol. The combustion stability for the water content 60w-% was much lower than for the anhydrous ethanol. However, it was also clear that the combustion stability for the water content 60w-% was improved by preheating the air up to 50°C, and the water content 60w-% produced 50% less NOx than the anhydrous ethanol.View full abstractDownload PDF (1925K) -
Tokuro ABE1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 23-30
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rotary vane type fertilizer distributor was developed to improve fertilizing works on hilly sloping grassland several years ago, and it suggested the possibility to improve these works with its wider distribution and higher field capacity compared with traditional one such as broadcaster.
In this paper, the characteristics and prediction method of lateral distribution on fertilizer spread by the rotary vane type wide-swath distributor were studied to clarify the mechanisms and adjustment of the distributor adaptable to variable working conditions on sloping land.
The calculated patterns of lateral distribution of fertilizer were closely coincided with the results obtained in field tests. Therefore, this prediction method is useful in the investigations on mechanisms and adjustment of fertilizer feeding, angle and speed of vane, feed rate, etc.View full abstractDownload PDF (1230K) -
Tsuguo OKAMOTO, Osamu KITANI1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 31-39
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo estimate performances of a Stirling engine, it is important to study the effects of factors affecting on its mechanical and thermal efficiencies. This report discribed a numerical engine model which was developed in taking into account of mechanical friction losses in sliding elements, aerodynamic friction losses in heat exchangers and working gas leakage. Influences of these parameters on engine output power, P-V diagram and torque fluctuation of crank shaft were simulated with the model, and its engine performance was discussed.
The model which was simple and could calculate the effects of some parameters on engine performace in a few minutes with a 16-bits CPU personal computer was useful enough to estimate basic characteristics of simple Stirling engines.View full abstractDownload PDF (1339K) -
Force Acting on the BackrestYoshinobu OHTA, Tatsuo HIROMA1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 41-50
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome force acts on the seat when a tractor opeator handles a sterering wheel or a foot pedal. This study aims at analyzing the motion of tractor operating from the viewpoint of motional dynamics.
In this report, the force acting on the backrest in close contact with the operation of foot pedals was discussed. The results show that the force on the backrest has a particular magnitude and direction in relation to the operator's weight, and yet the force hardly exists in a simple proportional relation to the pedal force. The concentration point of the force on the backrest was observed to the backrest was observed to shift in a narrow central range on the backrest depending on whether the right or left pedal was pressed down.
In part 2, the dynamic balance around the seat will be discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1475K) -
Comparison of heat recovery devicesHitoshi YOSHITOMI, Fujio NAKANO, Hiroshi TAKIYA, Shinzo TANAKA1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 51-60
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe primary drying tea roller with heat recovery devices was manufactred in order to save energy in the primary drying process which is the main drying process in tea manufacturing process. The adopted energy saving devices were a heat exchanger which recovered heat from the exhaust gas from furnace, heat pipes which recovered heat from the exhaust air from dryer, and a circulation path for the exhaust air from dryer. The heat flow and the energy saving effect were calculated and discussed in the cases where these devices or their combination were used. As a result, these devices saved 12-29% of fuel was consumed in the primary drying process, and thus, this method gave a very effective way to save energy in this process.View full abstractDownload PDF (1496K) -
A Visual Sensor for the Agricultural RobotsYoshio TANAKA, Yoji OGAWA1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 61-67
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFruits detecting methods based on digital color image processing algorithms using a personal computer (PC) were considered in order to develop a visual sensor of the agricultural robots for harvesting mandarin oranges.
Two different algorithms, one was the thresholding of RGB signals using the Discriminant Threshold Selection Method (DTSM) and the other was the color detection using chrominance signals, were selected to make good use of color TV signals. Both algorithms implemented in PC were applied to the real images that have been acquired in an outdoor orchard under sunlight. The experimental results showed that both algorithms performed well in the presence of interference caused by bright reflections and by shadows cast on the oranges.View full abstractDownload PDF (3753K) -
Up-cut Rotary Tillage in Heavy Clay SoilSakae SHIBUSAWA, Takashi KATAOKA, Kazuhiko OHMIYA, Hideo TERAO1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 69-75
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe discussed the dynamic interaction between soil and tiller blades in view of resulted clod configurations. Using an up-cut rotary tiller for deep tilling, we tilled the heavy clay soil with high moisture content, and obtained sample clods that were formed by single cutting action of untilled soil. The clods showed periodically rugged surfaces with a few cracks, and fractured along the cracks. The cracks were formed in tilling process on the side of untilled soil at an angle with cutting direction of blade. There was a coherent relation between the space period of ruggedness of clod surfaces and the natural frepuency of the blade.View full abstractDownload PDF (12262K) -
Numerical simulation of interactionsHiroshi NAKASHIMA, Takashi TANAKA1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 77-83
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy the assumption that the wet cohesive soil in which the lugged wheels are widely used deforms with undrained condition under the shear action from lug, the numerical simulation of interactions in soil-lug system with due consideration of the existence of a cavity hollowed by the preceding lug is done by Rigid Plastic Finite Element Method with mesh rezoning function. Simulated results show the satisfactory reproduction of the behavior of soil deformatiom and soil reaction on a lug which are obtained in the prior experiments and the proposed method is turned out to be applicable as a part of fundamental functions in the expected computer-aided design system of lugged wheel.View full abstractDownload PDF (1111K) -
Nobuhiro ITOKAWA, Koichiro OKAZAKI, Masahiro MIYAZAKI, Yuuji NAGASAKI, ...1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 85-92
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRiding on conventional monorail carriers is forbidden at present but farmers often ride on them when they work on sloping lands. A riding-type monorail carrier was developed in order to reduce labor intensity and to insure safe works on steep sloping lands.
The probability of uncontrollable running of the monorail carrier was markedly decreased by installing two different braking systems to the riding device. Moreover, the seat inclination was automatically controlled to improve operator comfort. The riding-type monorail carrier with newly developed V-beltless locomotive having 2 ranges of forward speed could allow to increase the rate of transport work.View full abstractDownload PDF (1283K) -
Yoshio IKEDA, Ritsuya YAMASHITA, Yoshiyuki SAITOH1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 93-94
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (221K) -
Setuo HAYASHI1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 95-99
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2486K) -
H. KAJIOKA1990 Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 101-105
Published: 1990
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (4695K)
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