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Volume 57, Issue 6
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
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R. Hara1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 1-2
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Basic Characteristics of Operation with BiogasKohta ISHII, Hideo TERAO, Noboru NOGUCHI1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 3-10
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA direct-injection type diesel engine was remodeled to operate on both diesel fuel and biogas. An apparatus was made to generate synthetic biogas which consists of methane and carbon dioxide. The apparatus supplies biogas, which is premixed with intake air stream, into an intake manifold of the engine. The basic performances of the engine for the operation in dual-fuel mode were investigated. It was found that NOx emission decreased approximately 30 to 70% by use of biogas. The tested engine could operate normally even with the biogas which had 40% methane concentration. However, the specific heat consumption increased by supplying biogas under lower loads. Both engine load and biogas flowrate were key parameters for the effective operation of the engine.View full abstractDownload PDF (1011K) -
Backward Lane Change ManeuversRyo TORISU, S. W. MUGUCIA, Junichi TAKEDA1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 11-18
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe human operator behavior, in backward lane-changemaneuver of a tractor-trailer combination, is clarified through field experiments and mathematical simulation. A human operator cognition model and a kinematic vehicle model proposed earlier, are utilized in the investigation. The operator behavior is analyzed through multi-stage computer simulation. The number of stages necessary for a complete backward maneuver, is found to be more than that for a forward maneuver. The driving techniques of a skillful operator and a good one, as well as the differences between the two, are also elucidated through multi-stage simulation. The closed-loop characteristics obtained here are applicable to the automatic steering problem of articulated vehicles.View full abstractDownload PDF (994K) -
Angle Elements of Blade-tip and Neck-portionHai SAKURAI, Jun SAKAI1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 19-28
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMathematical models for CAD (Computer Aided Design) as a planning design of Japanese rotary tillage blades (Nata-ba) are established by the selection of 29 design-parameters. Angle elements of a blade-tip (before and after bending) and a neck-portion of the rotary tillage blade are definitely analysed. The smoothing method of edged curve at an intersecting point between a lengthwise blade portion and a neck portion is also theoretically established. The above mentioned items are substituted into the theoretical equations following the human logical process to develop a program which can be adapted as a general language. A drawing of the rotary tillage blade is done by the use of an X-Y plotter with a micro-computer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1131K) -
Examination of Thinning MethodNaonori TOSAKA, Shun-ichi HATA, Munehiro TAKAI, Kenshi SAKAI, Hiroshi ...1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 29-35
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to develop an automatic field thinner of suger beets. The result of examination for a thinning method which is appropriate for automatic beet thinning was reported in this paper. The field test was conducted with various conditions of intra-row spacing and of thinning method. From the results of discussion on the thinning method, we found that intra-row spacing influenced to the beets growth in early stage but would not to the final suger yields, and the thinning method influenced to root weight and root peripheral lenght, but did not to suger yield. According to these results, we obtained the conclusion that the intra-row spacing after thinning of 20-25cm and “non-selective” thinning method would be appropriate for automatic thinner.View full abstractDownload PDF (1096K) -
Analysis Containing Natural Convective TermShoji KOIDE, Satoshi MURATA, Toshitaka UCHINO1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 37-44
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo-dimensional heat and moisture transfer equations were developed by introducing natural convection and respiratory heat, in order to predict temperature and moisture distribution in grain bed during temporary storage. Though the equations are nonlinear involving natural convective term which requires hydrodynamical calculations, the temperature and moisture distribution can be theoretically calculated by combining both equations. Observed values of temperature and moisture content in the grain bed, which had two layers of different temperature and moisture content, agreed well with the calculated values. Therefore, this method of analysis is considered to be useful for predicting the temperature and moiture distribution in the grain bed.View full abstractDownload PDF (845K) -
Effect of Initial Moisture Content on the Adsorption Equilibrium Moisture ContentSatoshi MURATA, Fumihiko TANAKA, K. S. P. AMARATUNGA, Kazuko SHIBUYA, ...1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 45-52
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe moisture adsorption properties of polished rice were investigated using a dynamic ventilatory method. Air temperatures of 10, 20, 30 and 40°C, and relative humilities of 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90%RH were used to obtain sorption coefficient and equilibrium moisture content data. Air velocity was kept constant at 32.4m/min for all the measurements. Equilibrium moisture content of polished rice was fitted with the Chen-Clayton's equation by using a special method of solution for the non-linear least squares method. The results revealed that the equilibrium moisture content depends on initial moisture content, and this can be supposed as an effect of hysteresis.View full abstractDownload PDF (883K) -
Identification of Boundary Lines and Camera PositionToru TORII, Osamu KITANI, Tsuguo OKAMOTO, Nobuyuki KUSANO, Norihide IN ...1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 53-59
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSImage analysis for an autonomous agricultural vehicle was studied, and the TV camera direction to the furrow and crop row was identified from the field images. The boundary of furrow and crop row was approximated by two lines using Hough transform and the camera position was identified from the parameter of these two lines by perspective transformation. The boundary was identified by two ways, and the horizontal scanning method was used in the early stage of growth, and the largest area method was used in the later stage. The results showed that the estimeted position was in good agreement with the actual position.View full abstractDownload PDF (843K) -
Verification of Neuro-controller by Model VehicleKazunobu ISHII, Hideo TERAO, Noboru NOGUCHI1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 61-67
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study intends to make an appropriate control system for a nonlinear vehicle kinematics in view of developing autonomous agricultural vehicles. In order to evaluate the results of computer simulation reported in Part 1 and to develop an autonomous vehicle, a model vehicle was designed and fabricated. To make neuro-controller effective, a learning procedure by using vehicle simulator was contrived. As the vehicle velocity was necessary for following control using the neuro-controller, the velocity was estimated using data from a geomagnetic sensor and rotary encoders. Finally, following control examinations were carried out, and it was clarified that neuro-controller was effective for vehicle control, which corroborated the results of Part 1.View full abstractDownload PDF (3018K) -
Performance of Automatic Control System for Straight TravelingKazuyoshi NONAMI, Minoru KOMATSU, Ken-ichi ADACHI1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 69-75
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Part 2, the development of automatic control system for straight traveling, controlled only by the information from angular velocity sensor, was tried and its fundamental performance was discussed. By experimental results, lateral displacement increased proportionally to the square of forward displacement. The errors of the lateral displacement was strongly influenced by the integral error caused by A/D converter. But within the forward displacement of 10m, the automatic control system for straight traveling had high accuracy. In this paper, the performance of the automatic control system of straight traveling on puddled fields was tested and discussed. In the case when the lateral displacement was controlled, high accuracy of straight traveling was obtained on asphalt roads, but winding occurred on puddled fields. High accuracy as on asphalt roads was obtained on puddled fields by changing to the control of angular variation in running direction.View full abstractDownload PDF (4762K) -
Trial Calculations of the Series of Equal Payments Due at the End of Each Year for Wheel TractorsRyozo NOGUCHI, Toshio KONAKA, Tomohiro TAKIGAWA, Masayuki KOIKE, Satos ...1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 77-86
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the supporting of the renewal of agricultural machinery, the calculation method of the total cost of the series of equal payments due at the end of each year by using fuzzy data of annual operating time was analyzed. Furthermore, the series of equal payments due at the end of each year for wheel tractors, and the judgment of economic service life of them were discussed. As a result, it was clarified that the possibility of each the year incorporating economic service life and the degree of fuzziness of fuzzy data in such cases were evaluated by α-level set quantitatively. And it was pointed out that the series of equal payments due at the end of each year for wheel tractor for crop land field was less than the one for paddy rice field, and was severely affected by the annual operating time. Besides, it was clarified that the number of the year for the economic life increased as using more fuzziness data of annual operating time in trial calculations, and showed the possibility of the economic life prediction in real.View full abstractDownload PDF (1305K) -
Load Performance TestsChiyuki TOGASHI, Jun-ichi KAMIDE1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 87-95
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany studies on plant oils as substitute fuel for diesel engine have been carried out actively since the oil price rose in 1973. Substitute plant oils are mainly refined oil and some of unrefined oil of rapeseed oil. In this paper, the authors compared specific fuel consumption, thermal efficiency, exhaust-gas temperature, density of black smoke of exhaust-gas, when rapeseed deacidification oil, light oil and unrefined rapeseed oils were used for small diesel engine.View full abstractDownload PDF (5364K) -
Analysis of Thermal Environment in Cab on FieldTeruyuki MATSUKI, Hiroki NAKANISHI, Kanichi KADOTANI1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 97-105
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe design of thermal comfort environment in the cab of construction machinery or farm machinery with air-conditioning system is much different from one in the house or office, because the ratio of an operator space to the cab volume is much larger than that of the other cases and he must operate the machine looking outside from a small enclosed cab. In this paper, in order to improve thermal comfort of an operator in the cab, two types of real construction machinery were provided with heater or cooler and these thermal environments were analyzed respectively. From these tests, it was made clear that the thermal distribution in each cab was not uniform even in case that air-conditioning capacity was sufficient. So, it seems that uneven thermal distribution gives the operator discomfort.View full abstractDownload PDF (3099K) -
Experimental Analysis on Vibration of Planting MechanismMasasuke ICHIKAWA, Isao TAJIRI, Mitsushi YAMASHITA, Michio KATO, Akemi ...1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 107-113
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperimental analysis was conducted to understand the fundamental vibration of planting parts. The speed of driving shaft was changed, and the characteristics of variation were investigated with respect to the acceleration, the torque of driving shaft and the supporting load of planting parts. The maximum amplitude of acceleration were-40 to 34 [m/s2] in both vertical and horizontal directions, which appeared when the planting fingers acted. The torque of drive shaft, which had no connection with the speed of revolution, were in the range of 6.0 to 7.7 [N·m]. The change of supporting loads showed a similar tendency with that of acceleration. Composing the load in both directions, it was found that large forces acted at the operating time of planting fingers nearly in the vertical direction.View full abstractDownload PDF (914K) -
Effects of Milling Condition on the Streams after MillingRyuji SEKI, Satoshi MURATA, Takashi HIROSE1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 115-124
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA few milling tests were performed for a gradual reduction mill at three levels of grain moisture content and three set points of roll-gap. The effects of milling condition and input product condition on the streams after milling were investigated by multivariate analysis. The result clarified the significant relationship between each milling condition and output product condition. It also showed that it is possible to calculate output product condition by using milling condition as parameters.View full abstractDownload PDF (1064K) -
Crop Recognition by Inference of Crop Distribution Using Fuzzy TheoryYoichi SHIBATA, Kunio NISHIZAKI, Ryuji OTANI1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 125-132
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a part of the possible technology to achieve a method to remove weeds physically without using any herbicide, a fuzzy inference system was developed. The system recognizes crop projections on a binary image, where both crop projections and noises coexist, taking advantage of the grid-like regularity of the crop distribution on the field. As a result, the crop recognition accuracy was improved, and the precondition that “target crops must be larger than weeds” is no longer necessary for the discrimination of crops and weeds.View full abstractDownload PDF (2673K) -
Linear Parameters and One Non-Linear ParameterSatoshi MURATA1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 133-136
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Akifumi FUKUDA1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 137-142
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Masato SUZUKI1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 144
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Motomu KARAHASHI1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 145-150
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Past and FutureGenichiro KINOSHITA1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 150-156
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Current and FutureToshihiro TSUMURA1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 156-161
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Mitsuhiro YASUMURA1995 Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 161-168
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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