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Volume 65, Issue 3
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 3-4
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 5-6
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 7
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 9-23
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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A Survey on Students' OpinionNoriaki ISHIZUKA, Makoto DOHI, Masamichi DAIKOKU, Akira YANO, Kazuyosh ...2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 24-29
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Shun-ichi HATA, Kanji OOTSUKA, Yutaka KITAMURA, Tomohiro TAKIGAWA, Mot ...2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 30-33
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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K. TAKAHASHI2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 34-35
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Yelian MIAO, Shoji TACHIBANA, Masanobu MIURA2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 57-63
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present research was carried out to obtain necessary data for effective uses of deep seawater in hydroponics of vegetables. NaCl was removed from deep seawater by electrodialysis using a selective membrane cartridge for exchange of monovalentions. The electrodialyzed deep seawater in an electric conductivity range of 5 to 25dS/m was then used to prepare nutrient solution for hydroponics of spinach. The yield and contents of nutritional compounds of spinach were investigated.
Experimental results showed that for the electrodialyzed deep seawater, potassium and sodium concentrations could be expressed as linear functions of electric conductivity in the range of 10 to 50dS/m. Saline obstacle to the growth of spinach was negligible if deep seawater was electrodialyzed to an electrical conductivity below 16dS/m and then diluted with deionized water to 10 times in volume. The highest yield of spinach was obtained when deep seawater was electrodialyzed to 5dS/m. In the case that deep seawater was electrodialyzed to 10dS/m and then 11 times diluted, spinach had almost the same contents of protein, crude ash and reduced vitamin C as that related to deionized water.View full abstractDownload PDF (1019K) -
Li-Han HUANG, Tsuguo OKAMOTO, Kenji IMOU, Yutaka KAIZU2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 64-69
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Japan, mechanical sugarcane harvesting has been introduced in many regions. It improves the efficiency of sugarcane harvesting, but also brings the cane tops into sugar factories, which decreases the yield and causes economic losses. This study investigated a system that can distinguish cane tops from the mechanically harvested raw sugarcane materials. We used a green He-Ne laser (wavelength 543.5nm, output 4mW) to scan the raw sugarcane materials and measured the back-reflected light intensity by a light sensor (avalanche photodiode module). Since the surface roughness is different between cane top and cane stalk, analyzing the different patterns of the distribution of the backreflected light intensity enables the cane top and stalk to be distinguished. In the experiment, 22 cane tops and 32 cane stalks were used as samples. Using kurtosis as a parameter to analyze the patterns, the percentage of correctly identifying cane tops was 90.9, and that of cane stalks was 71.9, and the percentage of correct answers of all samples was 79.6.View full abstractDownload PDF (9423K) -
Examination of System Identification on Movement Simulation of the VehicleYoshinobu NISHIIKE, Mikio UMEDA2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 70-77
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of this study is to construct model-following control system in order to improve handling and stability of a farm vehicle. In this paper, possibility of modeling for vehicle dynamics taking non-linearity and fluctuation of cornering force in consideration is investigated by using simulation method. The results suggest that the representative dynamics is described and the amplitude of perturbation of cornering power is estimated as width of the parameter set.View full abstractDownload PDF (965K) -
Design of Control System and Examination of Its Performance on Movement Simulation of the VehicleYoshinobu NISHIIKE, Mikio UMEDA2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 78-85
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the model identified in Part 1, non-linearity and fluctuation of cornering force is managed as perturbation of cornering power that is a parameter with a bounded time-varying uncertainty. Design problem of model-following control system for the results of system identification in Part 1 is solved as the constantly scaled H∞ control state-feedback problem. Examination of the control performance on the simulation suggested that the model-following control system is useful. The model-following control system makes likable changes of the vehicle dynamics and restraint of its fluctuation due to characteristic between tires and soil, possible. So, the model-following system and these approched methods are considered useful for improvement of handling and stability of a farm vehicle.View full abstractDownload PDF (1040K) -
Itaru SOTOME, Seiichi OSHITA, Yasuhisa SEO, Yoshinori KAWAGOE, Toru TO ...2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 86-92
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWater permeability coefficient (Lp) of cell membrane is related to the microscopic water migration in tissue of the fruits and vegetables, which has an effect on the quality of the fruits and vegetables. To measure the Lp, extra-cellular solution should be replaced quickly to apply osmotic stress to cells. However, the conventional methods take a relatively long time for the replacement of solutions which leads to noticeable errors, otherwise they require a large number of samples. In this study, a new method named “two-laminar flows method” was developed, and the new method solved the problems inherent to conventional methods. Comparing with data on spinach leaf Lp determined by micropipette method, one of the conventional method, and two-laminar flows method, it was confirmed that an accurate measurement was made by two-laminar flows method.View full abstractDownload PDF (3770K) -
Characteristics of Displacement Increments of Soil and ModelingKoichiro FUKAMI, Masami UENO, Koichi HASHIGUCHI, Takashi OKAYASU2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 93-99
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, traveling tests of a rigid wheel were carried out on sandy ground, and displacements of soil particles were measured with a constant interval using the on-line displacement measuring system. Trajectories of a soil particle drew a circular arc in any test. Magnitude of the displacement increment vectors, its horizontal and vertical components were discussed, and characteristics of those were clarified. Shapes of these distribution curves were closely similar to the Gaussian function. Based on the results, mathematical models for the horizontal and the vertical displacement increments were proposed employing the Gaussian function as a base function. The predicted curves by the models agreed with high accuracy to the measured curves.View full abstractDownload PDF (3568K) -
Extension of the Displacement Increment Model and Prediction of the Soil StrainsKoichiro FUKAMI, Masami UENO, Koichi HASHIGUCHI, Takashi OKAYASU2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 100-106
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn part 1, displacement increments were modeled using the relative horizontal distance from the vertical center line of the wheel to the soil particle. In this paper, it was clarified that the shape of displacement trajectories kept the similarity and the size shrunk exponentially with the increase of depth to extend the model taking into consideration the depth. Based on these results, unknown coefficients in the model were expressed as functions of the depth from the soil surface for extending to the two-dimensional displacement increment model. Consequently, strain increments at the arbitrary position in the soil could be formulated, and strains were predicted according to traveling test conditions. The fitness of those were confirmed by comparison with measured data.View full abstractDownload PDF (3071K) -
Improvement of the Developed Continuous High-Speed Single-Kernel Brown Rice Sorting Machine and the Verification of Its AccuracyMotoyasu NATSUGA, Akitoshi NAKAMURA, Sumio KAWANO2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 107-113
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo select kernels for breeding from either naturally or artificially mutated samples, it is necessary to process batch samples in a short time. For this purpose, a continuous high-speed single-kernel brown rice sorting machine based on rice protein content has been developed. In Part 1, a measuring speed of approximately 500ms for the full spectrum range and overall sorting speed of approximately 2.8s for one kernel were obtained, indicating that this machine was ready for practical use. Then in Part 2, the accuracy of the estimation for protein content (DM) was found to be SEP=0.43%, which was concluded to be sufficient for breeding. In the present Part 3, improvements were made in both the feeding mechanism of the developed machine for obtaining the targeted sorting speed of 1.0s/kernel and in the optics for increasing accuracy. As a result, an overall sorting speed of 1.3s/kernel was achieved and the accuracy of the estimation of protein content (DM) was improved to SEP=0.39%. These results are sufficient for practical use, particularly for breeding and the detection of rice mixing.View full abstractDownload PDF (5519K) -
Toshitaka UCHINO, Fumika HARADA, Wenzong HU2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 114-120
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe rate of CO2 assimilation of leaf lettuce changed with its respiration rate and gas constitution in a storage chamber. The optimum irradiance on the surface of leaf lettuce during storage using low light irradiation can be obtained by the prediction of the rate of CO2 assimilation. For the above mentioned purpose the following equation were derived.
-kd[C]/dt=0.5(1-f)I([C]-Γ/4.5[C]+10.5Γ)-ae-bt
where, k: proportional constant (4.87×10-3mol⋅m-2) [C]: CO2 concentration (ppm), t: time (h), f: fraction of light not absorbed by chloroplasts (0.23), I: irradiance (μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1), Γ: CO2 compensation point without respiration (21.5ppm), a, b: parameters (0.308μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1, 0.010h-1). Calculated values of rate of CO2 assimilation by the equation agreed well with experimental ones at 3.4 and 6.5μmol⋅m-2⋅s-1 of irradiance, so it appeared that the assimilation rate could be sufficiently predicted.View full abstractDownload PDF (1029K) -
Susumu KOHATA, Seiji UMEDA, Keigo AKIOKA, Atushi OGATA, Jyuniti MICHIW ...2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 121-127
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA prototype of hybrid recycling materials was made by conjugating a charcoal-sheet or -board with TiO2 photocatalyst. Sheet or board was constructed with a charcoal powder processed at high temperature (HTCP), an adhensive of organism, and several agricultural or industrial waste organism resources as a binder.
A sheet or board to which photocatalysis of normal-temperature dry type was applied, photo-resolution of ethylene gases (EG) was exhibited to be 15% for sheet and 32-45% for board within 0.5-1.5 hour. An improved photocatalysis synthesized with a hydroxyapatite was applied to the HTCP sheet to prevent from the photo-decomposition of the organic binder, but photo-resolution of EG was low.View full abstractDownload PDF (4749K) -
Tadashi CHOSA, Yoichi SHIBATA, Masaaki OMINE, Kyo KOBAYASHI, Kazunobu ...2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 128-135
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA map-based system for controlling the application rate of granular material using GPS information was developed.
The system consists of a variable rate applicator and a map-editing program. The rate of application is controlled by the rate of revolution of the motor that drives the feeding roll. The working width of the device is 10m; and each 2.5m within the swath can be controlled independently. A map-editing program that we developed generates the application map used to control the applicator. The applicator recognizes its position in a field using GPS, compares it with the application map, and controls the rate of application.
The system was tested in field trials and variable application with an error of less than±0.6m was demonstrated.View full abstractDownload PDF (7661K) -
Tomokazu YOSHIDA, Masahiro KAMEI, Shinori TSUCHIYA, Shigeki ISHIDA2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 136-142
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are many levee slopes surrounding paddy fields in hilly and mountainous region in Japan. Large levee slopes with their slope length over 3 meters increase after land consolidation. These large levee slopes make more difficult and harder to be maintained. Therefore, we planned and manufactured a trial suspended slope mower to reduce the weeding load, and investigated its performance. The mower consists of two units, one is parent unit suspending and drawing child unit via a rope reeled by a winch on it, and the other is child unit mowing weeds in the slope. Its working efficiency was from 3 to 6 ares per an hour, while increase ratio of heart rate on mowing was from 20 to 30 percents.View full abstractDownload PDF (5750K) -
Momoko FUJII, Ken KOBAYASHI2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 143-145
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Fumihito MIYATAKE, Kazunori IWABUCHI2003 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 146-148
Published: May 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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