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Volume 67 (2005)
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Volume 67, Issue 5
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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A. SASAO2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 4-5
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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E. MIWA2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 5-16
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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R. OKUNO2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 17-19
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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K. INOUE2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 20-23
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Junya TATSUNO, Kiyoshi TAJIMA, Yutaka TERADA, Tadashi ISHII, Masayoshi ...2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 45-53
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSwe have developed a solar electric farming robot. In this system, various functions such as materials conveyance, power supply and positioning are distributed between a delivery vehicle and a working vehicle. This paper presents an affordable and high-precision 2-D localization method for positioning of the working vehicle. Particularly, we report the development of 2-D localization using a single laser distance sensor, and the results of vehicle navigation experiments, in which the vehicle repeated stop-and-go driving, stopping every 1m to a distance of 20m. The calculated RMS localization error in stopping was found to be about 6 mm in the traveling direction and about 12mm in the transverse direction.View full abstractDownload PDF (7113K) -
Mathematical Shape Description and Fruits SearchingSomchai LIMSIRORATANA, Yoshio IKEDA2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 54-60
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing the technique of color-ratios (R/G, R/B and G/B) thresholding and Maximum and Minimum filters to obtain the boundaries of papaya fruit (Carica papaya L.) in natural background image was proposed in Part 1. However, the result did not give a complete closed-curve boundary, because of many natural environment factors, such as overlapping and noise. To detect the size and location of the fruits with incomplete boundary image, we first determine the representative shape of the fruit and then deform artificially the representative shape in many possible spatial frequency domains. Then, the multiple shapes that match the deformation at each set of searching points are clustered by evaluating the distance between the centroids. The size and location of the fruit can be evaluated by average shapes in the same group.View full abstractDownload PDF (5573K) -
Observation of Water Absorption Utilizing Ice Crystallization by Liquid Nitrogen Freezing TechniqueTakamasa MESAKI, Toshiko SATAKE, Takeshi FUKUMORI, Yoshio IKEDA2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 61-71
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe study of water migration into the rice kernel in a short span of time is important for the development of the post-milling treatment technology such as washing of milled rice. It is conjectured that the water absorption rate of the rice kernel is significantly affected by its surface condition after drying and milling. However it is difficult to observe water migration at the level of the microscopic grain structure. Thus this research was conducted to provide a mode to visualize the water absorption phenomenon in milled rice, through observation of the microstructural changes of ice-crystallized water, utilizing the quick freezing effect of the liquid nitrogen. The results showed that, in the starchy endosperm (the starch storage tissue), the water penetrated primarily through the compound starch granules, and secondarily, through the single starch granules. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the aleurone layer on the surface of the milled rice inhibited water absorption by the kernel. Therefore, retaining the aleurone layer can be an effective means of preventing water absorption.View full abstractDownload PDF (13788K) -
Mechanism and Performance of a Developed Automatic Weeding ThinnerMasaki TERAWAKI, Takashi KATAOKA, Hiroshi OKAMOTO, Shun-ichi HATA2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 72-79
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn automatic weeding thinner was developed. This machine consists of the weeding thinner part, a CCD video camera, two computers (PC and PIC (one-chip micro-computer)), and the control unit. The weeding thinner consists of a weeding thinner mechanism, a hydraulic system, a fifth wheel for measuring the traveling velocity, and gauge wheels. The CCD camera captures images of the sugar beets and the weeds, and the PC processes the image and determines which sugar beets are to be removed. The PIC measures the traveling distance and controls the motion of the weeding thinner blades with a hydraulic cylinder. Performance tests showed that the response time and the force of the weeding thinner blades were sufficient for the operation (over 3.6kN). The response time was about 100ms.View full abstractDownload PDF (6881K) -
Performance of a Prototype Automatic Weeding ThinnerMasaki TERAWAKI, Takashi KATAOKA, Hiroshi OKAMOTO, Shun-ichi HATA2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 80-85
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe operating accuracy of weeding thinner blades on the developed automatic weeding thinner was evaluated using dummy sugar beets. A field test of the thinning and the weeding was also conducted using the developed system. The maximum error of the controlled timing of the opening and closing of the blades was estimated at 43mm. Furthermore, the developed thinning and weeding algorithm showed a sufficient performance. The results of the field test of the thinning and the weeding showed the loss of sugar beets to be 11.8% and the weeding rate to be 94.8%. It was concluded that the developed weeding thinner can indeed be used successfully for automatic thinning and weeding work.View full abstractDownload PDF (7423K) -
Zhong-xiang ZHU, Jun-ichi TAKEDA, Ryo TORISU2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 86-92
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA two-hierarchy fuzzy controller (FC) and a new path tracking method were developed to guide the tractor along arbitrary paths on sloped terrain. The upper level FC utilized the terrain slope and vehicle posture to determine the types of processes in the lower level FC; whereas the lower level FC used the lateral deviation and the orientation error to obtain the optimal steering angle change for autonomous navigation. In the designed path tracking method, both the location and orientation of the navigation points were employed to determine the current steering angle for vehicle motion. Field tests showed that for rectilinear paths the average tracking error was -0.02m, with standard deviation of 0.06m, and for the curved paths, the maximum lateral deviation and the maximum orientation error were less than 0.08m and 11° respectively at the completion of these paths.View full abstractDownload PDF (966K) -
Effects of Laser Emissions on PestKouji OBAYASHI, Kunio SATO, Nobutaka ITO, Xiu Lun WANG, Shigeki TAKAGI2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 93-100
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a part of the research on physical pest control, the laser emission extermination system is currently under development. In this research, a method was developed to measure the vitality of Drosophila: fruit fly against laser emission. This paper presents various aspects of the vitality of Drosophila that were affected by a laser, using a quantitative measurement system. This system measures the vitality of insect by detecting the amount of CO2 produced during breathing. The results with a green laser (532nm) show more efficiency than that with an infrared laser (1, 064nm). Exposure of the green laser to the target insects estimates an energy density threshold level near 6kJ/m2.View full abstractDownload PDF (1209K) -
Yoshio HIKIDA, Toshio KAWANO2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 101-108
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA comparison was made between ice and conventional refrigeration storage systems using citrus (Citrus iyo Hort, ex Tanaka). Heat load analysis for the cold storage room and ice storage tank of the ice storage system was also conducted. Given that the relative humidity of the storage room set at 5°C was markedly higher for the ice storage system, the reduction in mass and volume of the stored samples was considerably less in the ice storage system. No noticeable difference between the two storage methods was observed for density, surface color, or citric acid and sugar contents. The reduction of heat load to the ice storage tank is crucial in ensuring the economic viability of the ice storage system.View full abstractDownload PDF (1289K) -
Seeder Equipped Seed Flow Sensor and Secondary Repression MechanismKen KOBAYASHI, Momoko FUJII, Hisaya YAMADA, Shuuichi SHIMIZU2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 109-116
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed an aligning seeder for large compressed oval-shaped seeds to improve the seed-fill accuracy to one seed per cell and the alignment accuracy. We also sought to improve the alignment of germ pore positions of sown seeds in the cell. We therefore developed a new aligning seeder that minimizes skipped seeds and that can do secondary repression the seed bed after seeding.
Tests of this new aligning seeder using cucurbitaceous rootstock seeds confirmed that it effectively minimized skipped seeds and demonstrated a seeding alignment accuracy (i. e., one seed per cell and arranged along the longitudinal axis (±30°)) of 95% or more. Tests also confirmed that the lining accuracy and alignment of seeding positions can be improved by performing secondary soil compression based on the seeds in use.View full abstractDownload PDF (3306K) -
A Seeder Equipped with Image Processing SystemHisaya YAMADA, Shuuichi SHIMIZU, Ken KOBAYASHI, Momoko FUJII, Sadao SA ...2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 117-123
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis report introduces a seeder that accommodates cucurbitaceous rootstock seeds and can arrange the direction of longitudinal axis and germ pore using an image-processing system.
The side of the germ pore was determined by comparing the width of each seed. This algorithm could clearly recognize the side of the germ pore with an accuracy exceeding 99% and required only 0.09s/seed.
The accuracy (one seed per cell, arranged along the longitudinal axis (±300) and the germ pore with fixed direction) was about 95% and capacity was more than 5000seeds/h. We concluded that this seeder can replace two or three workers.View full abstractDownload PDF (5205K) -
Akira YANO, Kazuo TSUCHIYA, Kazuo NISHI, Tomoyuki MORIYAMA, Osamu IDE, ...2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 124-127
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Koji YAMAGUCHI2005 Volume 67 Issue 5 Pages 128-132
Published: September 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn rice mills on the Caspian Sea coast in the Islamic Republic of Iran, prior to milling process, paddy moisture content is surprisingly reduced to the level of 6-8% w. b. by a flat-bed dryer with a 3-day consecutive drying operation. By doing this, total milling recovery and head rice ratio are said to be improved.
This was confirmed by laboratory tests that a local variety ‘Tarom Shamsi’ at 14% w. b. paddy level was milled, total milling recovery was 66.0% and head rice ratio was 54.6%. In contrast, the paddy grain below 10% w. b was milled, these figures were remarkably improved to 70.4% and 68.7% respectively. Furthermore, rice grain color, cracked rice ratio, split rice on submergence, etc. are also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (4495K)
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