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Volume 56, Issue 6
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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H. HASHIMOTO1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 1-2
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2057K) -
Analysis Considering the Viscoelastic Properties of SoilTatsuo HIROMA, Yoshinobu OTA, Takashi KATAOKA1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 3-10
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes a method of finite element analysis for evaluating the trafficability of tractor on the soft ground such as the farm soil with high moisture content. For this purpose, a viscoelastic model of soil and the frictional force between the wheel and soil surface are introduced. The results indicate that the maximum normal stress appears in front of the lowest point of the wheel, and the normal stress decreases with the increase of slippage. The maximum tangential stress also increases with the increase of slippage, and its position shifts forward as the stress increases. The calculated results correspond well to the experimental results. The travel performance of a rigid wheel can be understood quantitatively by use of this method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1272K) -
Comparison between Spin and Pivot Turn SystemsNobutaka ITO, Koji KITO, Jie BAI1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 11-16
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTurnability has generally been discussed and evaluated from the viewpoints of turning radius, turning motion resistance and required time for completing the turning motion of tracked vehicle. An additional evaluation can be done, for the track type agricultural vehicle such as rice combine harvester, by the disturbance of top soil during the turning motion. In this paper, the area of the top soil disturbed due to turning motion for two types of turning methods, spin and pivot turn, was discussed based on the theoretical approach and the experimental results. It was found from the discussion that the disturbed area for pivot turn method was almost 1.7 times of the spin turn.View full abstractDownload PDF (953K) -
Yasuhiko SAWADA, Kazuo HORIBE1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 17-24
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA ventilation drying model in greenhouse was conceived to consider a counterplan for cloudy or rainy weather. Three kinds of operation, namely, ventilation drying, heat drying and no ventilation, could be selected in this model depending on the drying condition.
First, a ventilation drying model was developped and the validity of this model was verified by experiments. The propriety of drying and the selection was determined by comparing the equilibrium moisture content of air and the present moisture content of paddy. As the results, ventilation drying simulation in greenhouse could be conducted under natural drying conditions, and the practical problem in the application of the drying system was investigated.View full abstractDownload PDF (1396K) -
Performance of Heat Pump Unit in a Closed SystemDong Hai HAN, Takemi ABE, Yoshio HIKIDA, Takashi TSURUSAKI1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 25-32
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPerformance test of the heat pump in a closed system was carried out to dry shiitake mushroom during autumn and spring seasons under various operating temperatures, air flow rates and evaporator moisture loads. During the performance test, the energy consumption and the air temperature distribution, in the chamber and heat pump unit, were measured and analyzed. The result of the experiments showed that the temperature of the air discharged from the condenser increased as the operating temperature and the evaporator moisture load increased. From the analysis of the obtained data, it was observed that the coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump unit was affected by air relative humidity, air flow rate and operating temperature. The COP decreases as the operating temperature increases under constant relative humidity and air flow rate.View full abstractDownload PDF (1437K) -
High Moistened Food and DA EquationTakaharu KAMEOKA, Tomoharu OKUDA, Kazuo HORIBE1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 33-40
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSorption data of crystalline glucose, maltose and sucrose, and of corn starch were obtained using static method at 10°C. Each crystalline saccharides sorbed a negligible amount of water at water activity below each saturation point. At higher than this point, each series of data fell on a smooth curve calculated by each saccharide-water solution model. Amorphous data of sucrose were on the smooth curve extrapolated by the sucrose-water solution curve. Dubinin-Astakhov (DA) equation showed good agreement with the amorphous data in the range of water activity from 0 to saturation point. It also well fitted a starch data over the range of water activity from 0 to 1. As a result, it was shown that DA equation is also applied successfully to the nonporous foods.View full abstractDownload PDF (1219K) -
Mearsuring Under Both Ends Fixed Boundary ConditionSatoshi MURATA, Shoji KOIDE1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 41-49
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe modulus of elasticity were usually determined by tensile or compressive test under the both ends free boundary condition which were almost impossible for food and agricultural materials because of small size and high friction of test piece on the contact surfaces. In the present study, in contrast with the past, the both ends of specimen were tightly sticked to the compression tester with adhesives. The comression force and deformation curves were analyzed by Filon's equation on cylinder compression deformation under both ends fixed boudary condition. The new method developed required mathematically complicated calculation procedure, but gave precise Lamé constants from the test. By the method, the Young's modulus and the Poison's ratio of six kinds of agricultural and food materials were determined, and the temperature dependency characteristics (5-25°C) were also revealed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1224K) -
Seishu TOJO, Kengo WATANABE, Fusakazu AI, A. C. CHAO1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 51-57
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWater movement in the food processing residues during drying process was discussed to clarify the drying mechanism of the phytogenic residues. Diluted potassium chloride (KCl) solution was added to the residue as a tracer of liquid water. The concentration of KCl at each layer of the residue was measured during drying. The results show that, in the case of bean curd waste, the concentration of KCl at the surface layer increases in the beginning of drying process, and then the KCl of the inner layer becomes higher than that of the surface layer. It means that the direction of liquid water movement in the residue changes locally durng drying process. The mass balance analysis using a tank-model shows that the amount of such reverse liquid water in the bean curd waste is about 4%/h of the total moving water.View full abstractDownload PDF (1177K) -
Development of Automatic Control Device for Spraying HeightTadatoshi SATOW, Keiji MIYAMOTO, Kiyoaki MATSUDA1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 59-67
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA device for automatic control of spraying height using five ultrasonic sensors has been developed for a 15-meter boom sprayer mounted on a tractor. The control device comprises an 8bit microprocessor and three interfaces: ultrasonic sensor measurement, hydraulic solenoid valve operation, and switch input. Five booms of the sprayer are controlled separately. The spraying height of the booms is controlled by the direction and the manipulated variable of the solenoid valve corresponding to the deflection between the set height and the detected spraying height. The manipulated variable depends on the boom height and the length of the hydraulic cylinder. From the fundamental test results, it was confirmed that the sprayer's booms are appropriately controlled according to the height of the ground surface.View full abstractDownload PDF (1452K) -
Manufacture of Hand Based on Physical Properties of Cucumber Plant and Basic Experiment to HarvestSeiichi ARIMA, Naoshi KONDO, Yasunori SHIBANO, Tateshi FUJIURA, Jun YA ...1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 69-76
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPart 1 of this series reported effectiveness of inclined trellis training in which robot could detect and approach fruit easily. In this report, physical properties of cucumber plant were measured in the first place in order to investigate the basic mechanism of harvesting hand. Based on this result, two hands to harvest cucumber cultivated in inclined trellis training were made. The first prototype hand had threefunctions, namely, grasping fruit and detecting and cutting peduncle. From the results of harvesting experiment by using the manipulator reported in part 1, it was observed that the hand sometimes could not harvest fruits when a peduncle was short or positioned near leaf stalk or stem. Therefore, the second prototype hand was made, in which detector and cutting device were improved, and the fruits were harvested satisfactorily by this hand.View full abstractDownload PDF (4821K) -
Comparison of Vibration and Noise Characteristics between Commercial and Proposed FansXin Yao QIAN, Masasuke ICHIKAWA, Nobutaka ITO1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 77-85
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, a commercial frost control fan was redesigned from the viewpoint of light weight design concept. A preproduced fan based on the proposal of applying the above mentioned techique was tested for comparison between them before and after redesigning, especially for the points of vibration and noise characteristics.
The vibration characteristics was clarified by use of modalysis method for both commercial and proposed fans. Natural frequency and damping ratio were obtained through this tecnical procedure. The vibration state of blade No. 1 and 2 and the fan under operating condition were distinguished. Nosise characteristics was also clarified. It showed no significant difference in noise level for both fans. The level of discrete-frequency noise was high in whole noise emitted from the tested fans. The acoustic field analysis was done by applying AI (acoustic intensity) method, and an idea for reducing noise level was proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1437K) -
Seed Planting and Soil Filling DevicesOsamu SAKAUE1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 87-93
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDevices for seed planting and soil filling into cell trays were developed and tested to automate the operations of the seedling production by a robot. For the seed planting operation, a device using a reciprocating cell plate was developed. It is drawn and controlled by the robot, and plants coated seeds into a tray. The working rate was 4 times as that of manual operation, and seeding errors were extremely little. For the soil filling and covering operation, a self-propelled device having a fluted roll was developed which can fill the culture soil automatically into the cell trays only by pushing a starting button.View full abstractDownload PDF (6590K) -
Discrimination between Crops and Weeds by Image ProcessingYaichi SHIBATA, Kunio NISHIZAKI, Ryuji OTANNI1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 95-102
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method to recognize crops by image processing was developed as a basic technology to achieve a non-herbicidal, physical weeding method. Using three metric feature values related to dimension (projective area, maximum horizontal cord and maximum vertical cord), it was possible to distinguish vegetables from weeds. As a result of the comparison of growth rate between vegetables and weeds, it was assumed that the applicable periods of this method were about 30 days after transplanting for lettuce, about 35 days for cabbage, and the whole period from transplanting to harvesting for Chinese cabbage. When a neutral density filter was mounted on the camera and when luminous intensity was from 4, 000 to 60, 000lx, the errors in metric feature values were less than 4% for projective area, and less than 3% for both maximum cord.View full abstractDownload PDF (2300K) -
Kenji HAMADA1994 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 103-109
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1261K)
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