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Volume 67 (2005)
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Volume 67, Issue 1
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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M. NAGATA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 1-2
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Osamu INATSU2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 4-9
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Motoyasu NATSUGA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 10-14
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Kazuhiro TAKEKURA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 15-18
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Shuso KAWAMURA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 19-23
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Masami MATSUI, Eiji INOUE, Ken MORI, Yuko FURUNO, Yasumaru HIRAI2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 53-60
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to improve the cleaning accuracy, it is necessary to investigate the flying characteristics of grain and MOG (material other than grain), and also necessary to control appropriate wind velocity for cleaning function. Especially, understanding the distribution of wind vectors in the cleaning chamber is important for improving the cleaning. In this study, a fluid dynamics model in a simplified winnower was constructed, and numerical analysis was conducted using finite volume method (FVM) for clarifying the distribution, and attempted to generate visualization of the wind vectors in the simplified model as wind tunnel. In the analysis, the wind was assumed steady two-dimensional laminar flow. The obtained results were compared with results of particle image velocimetry (PIV) and conventional measurement method using anemometer. The validity of this method was clarifyied by the obtained results.View full abstractDownload PDF (3193K) -
Poritosh ROY, Naoto SHIMIZU, Toshinori KIMURA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 61-67
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRice processing is one of the most important agro-industry. It consumes a considerable amount of energy and is responsible for environmental pollution. Life cycle inventory analysis has been performed on rice (parboiled and fresh) produced by different production processes (vessel, small-boiler, medium-boiler and untreated) to find an environmentally-friendly rice production process. The inventory results (energy consumption, atmospheric emission and solid waste) gradually decreased from the small-boiler to the untreated process (small-boiler>vessel>medium-boiler>untreated) and there is no waterborne emission in the case of the untreated process. The untreated process was found to be more environmentally-friendly compared to the others, however due to the lowest head rice yield (whole kernels after milling), it consumes greater resources (paddy). Among the parboiling processes the medium-boiler was found to be better, which has a lower energy inventory, atmospheric emission and solid waste compared to the others. This study also reveals that fuel switching only for cooking (biomass to electricity; electricity was assumed to be generated from biomass by IGCC technology) conserved primary energy (biomass) and reduced atmospheric emission (CO2, CO, CH4, TSP, NOx, and SOx) significantly.View full abstractDownload PDF (3641K) -
Kimiyasu TAKAHASHI, Masahiro SEKI, Sadahiro HIGASHI, Teruyuki MIIKE2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 68-74
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed the technology to enhance the Golden Apple Snail [Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck)] killing effect in conventional tilling work by adding straight blades between the tilling blades of the rotary tiller. We clarified the relationships between the striking speed of tilling blades and the snail-killing rate for different degrees of soil hardness. We subsequently established the optimum arrangement of straight blades based on the results of tilling tests in a soil tank, then designed and manufactured a prototype of a snail-controlling rotary tiller. Field test results revealed that the prototype halved the normal density of snails.View full abstractDownload PDF (8976K) -
The Efficient Usage of Simple Cutting Devices for Cleft GraftingShinya MORIKAWA, Yoshifumi NISHIURA, Tateshi FUJIURA, Yuji TAKAURA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 75-80
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this report, we discussed the efficient usage of the developed practical devices by investigating the operation efficiency in the cleft grafting process of eggplant. Time required to graft one seedling was from 60 to 70% of the manual operation, and the grafting success ratio was equal or higher than that of the manual operation. It became clear that the practical devices ware applicable to the conventional grafting system. Group work, where each worker was allotted the portion of the grafting processes, had the advantage in the efficient usage of the devices compared with one-person operation. It also had the advantage in higher operation efficiency. By using the practical devices, the operation efficiency could remarkably be improve and grafting time was shortened in half.View full abstractDownload PDF (5710K) -
Takashi GOTOH, Mitsuhiro HORIO, Tomohiko ICHIKAWA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 81-88
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe used a prototype of the high-speed rotary tiller to investigate the influences on the accuracy of puddling and rice transplanting in three paddy fields by performing primary tillage and secondary tillage at a work speed 1.6 to 2.2 times that of the conventional tiller. As a result, we found that the average clod diameter over the whole layer in the section for the developed tiller was 0 to 40% larger after the primary tillage than that in the section for the conventional tiller. However, the state of the pulverized soil in the surface layer after puddling was almost equal to that in the section for the conventional tiller. And the work accuracy of rice transplanting between the two sections was almost equal.View full abstractDownload PDF (1160K) -
An Upgraded Power Tiller Technique for Welsh Onion CultivationMitsuhiko KATAHIRA, Hiroyuki HAYASHI, Satoru TAKEDA, Hiroyuki KAGAYA, ...2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 89-96
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA power tiller is conventionally used to cultivate welsh onions to make blanching length of over 30cm. Because the final molding has the greatest influence on the quality of a blanching welsh onion, we suggested and demonstrated the method of accumulating ando and sandy soils toward the stub, based on the power tiller molding characteristics. The rotary blade has a side blade angle e of ca. 35 and cutting width Wc of over 60mm. That configuration broadened the lateral distribution of thrown soil and increased the throwing height. Reduction of the amount of the thrown soil improved the flange of the rotary blade by use of an in-line arrangement. Field tests showed that welsh onions had higher quality when they were produced with the modified blade using our method in both ando and sandy soils.View full abstractDownload PDF (2536K) -
Development of Large Rake and Studies on its SpecificationsTakashi GOTOH, Mitsuhiro HORIO, Tomohiko ICHIKAWA, Katsunari NAGAYA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 97-104
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have developed rotary-type puddling harrows that had the high performance on residue burying, soil pulverizing and leveling, by installing a new rake in front of the rear cover and improving the arrangement of the blades. Based on the results of this study, these harrows have been commercialized and are utilized for puddling. In this report, we presented the following results of fundamental tests about the large rake. (1) A good average clearance of the large rake teeth in the lateral direction was 37 to 45mm. (2) It was better to adjust the mounting positions of a large rake according to the soil conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (8063K) -
Studies on Blade Specifications and Outline of the Developed Rotary HarrowTakashi GOTOH, Mitsuhiro HORIO, Tomohiko ICHIKAWA, Katsunari NAGAYA, Y ...2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 105-114
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe conducted fundamental tests on the blade of puddling harrows and found the following results. (1) The blade arrangement in which a pair of blades was installed 15mm apart laterally yielded higher performance on soil-pulverizing and residue-burying than the conventional blade arrangement. (2) The PTO specific power of the harrow with rotary blades having a cutting angle of 95° was 5 to 10% lower than that of the harrow with 105° cutting angle blades. However the residue-burying performance of the 95° cutting angle blade was worse than that of the 105° cutting angle blade. (3) Increasing the blade rotating speed 8% degraded the residue-burying performance and increased the PTO specific power by 14%. Based on the results of fundamental tests, we manufactured prototype harrows. These harrows had the following features. (1) A new large rake was installed in front of the rear cover. (2) The arrangement of the blades was changed. (3) The inner volume of the rear cover was larger than that of conventional harrows.View full abstractDownload PDF (5208K) -
Accuracy and Power Requirements of Developed HarrowTakashi GOTOH, Mitsuhiro HORIO, Tomohiko ICHIKAWA, Katsunari NAGAYA, Y ...2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 115-123
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrototypes of high-speed rotary harrows and conventional rotary harrows were employed to investigate the accuracy of puddling in six paddy fields and power requirements in four paddy fields. The following results were obtained. (1) The stubble and residue burying performance and the soil pulverizing performance of the developed harrows exceeded that of the conventional harrows at the same forward speed as the developed harrows. (2) The stubble and residue burying performance and the soil pulverizing performance of the developed harrows were almost the same level as those of conventional harrows working at 20 to 30% slower forward speed. (3) The stubble burying performance and the soil pulverizing performance of the developed harrows for two passes were almost equal to those of the conventional harrows of the same forward speed making three passes. (4) The average PTO specific power of the developed harrows was almost equal to that of the conventional harrows in the primary puddling and the last puddling.View full abstractDownload PDF (1310K) -
Importance of Agricultural Production of Small-scale FarmersToshiyuki TSUJIMOTO, Hai SAKURAI, Masahiro YONEYAMA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 124-130
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe self-sufficient cereal production of African nations relies chiefly on small-scale farmers. A small-scale farmer who is supporting the self-sufficiency of those countries is very valuable and holds an important position. Small-scale farmers can achieve higher incomes and stabilization of farm management through the introduction and improvement of agricultural mechanization.
African countries have evolved from traditional technology. It is important to develop improved agricultural mechanization based upon traditional African agricultural techniques.
The aim of this article is to put forward the results of a survey and practical experiments carried out in the agricultural rain-fed area of Morocco. The article also describes the development of agricultural machinery. Such an applicable technology will improve the manual operation and the animal traction equipment in Morocco and other African countries.View full abstractDownload PDF (5817K) -
The Problem and Present Condition of Agricultual Mechanization of Small-scale FarmersToshiyuki TSUJIMOTO, Hai SAKURAI, Masahiro YONEYAMA2005 Volume 67 Issue 1 Pages 131-136
Published: January 01, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAgricultural mechanization which depends on imported agricultural machinery from advanced countries is very expensive for the agricultural management of small-scale farmers in Africa agricultural contracting is expensive; machines are not used appropriately and operation quality is often not acceptable. At present, small-scale farmers do very poor agricultural management. African countries have to understand the actual circumstances of the contract system of agricultural machinery (for example tractors and combines) are not suitable for small-scale farmers.
Introducing Moroccan animal traction technology can contribute to improved technology for small-scale farmers in other African countries. Equipment for animal traction and farm tools are locally manufactures with low cost production using even unskilled labor. To develop a successful step by step improvement of agricultural mechanization in Africa, it is essential to utilize manual, animal and small machine power.View full abstractDownload PDF (3554K)
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