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Volume 65, Issue 4
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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N. ITOKAWA2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 1-2
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Kenji OMASA2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 4-8
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Hiroyuki SHIGA2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 9-12
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Noboru NOGUCHI2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 13-17
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Rintaro OKUNO2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 18-21
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Storage of Rough Rice at Country Elevator with Natural Heat Radiation in WinterKazuhiro TAKEKURA, Shuso KAWAMURA, Kazuhiko ITOH2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 57-64
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn on-farm experiment in which 361 metric tons of rough rice was stored in a silo from November until July was conducted at a country elevator in Hokkaido to develop new techniques for storing rough rice in cold regions. The temperature of the rough rice near the inner silo wall decreased to below ice point (-5°C) due to natural heat radiation in winter, which the temperature of the rough rice in the center of the silo was maintained at almost the same temperature as that at the beginning of storage (5°C). Ventilation in the upper vacant space of the silo prevented moisture condensation on the inside surface of the silo during storage. When the cold rough rice was unloaded from the silo in summer, an unheated forced-air drier was used to increase the temperature of rough rice to above the dew point temperature of surrounding air. During the unloading and rewarming process, the moisture content of the rough rice increased due to moisture condensation on the grain from the air. However, the husks first absorbed the condensation and then the moisture slowly permeated into the brown rice kernel. Thus the rewarming process didn't cause any fissures in the brown rice. The results of the experiment indicate that condensation on rough rice doesn't give rise to any problems.View full abstractDownload PDF (1216K) -
Super-low-temperature Storage at Country Elevator by Aeration with Fresh Chilly Air in WinterKazuhiro TAKEKURA, Shuso KAWAMURA, Kazuhiko ITOH2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 65-70
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn on-farm experiment in which 378 metric tons of rough rice was stored in a silo from November until August and aerated for 114h with fresh chilly air in winter was conducted at a country elevator in Hokkaido to develop new techniques for storing rice in cold regions. The overall temperature of the rough rice in the silo decreased to below ice point (minimum temperature of -6.6°C), and the temperature of rough rice in the center of the silo remained below ice point until summer. The rewarming process using an unheated forced-air drier after storage prevented the development of fissures in the brown rice. The results of the experiment indicate that aeration with fresh chilly air in winter enables rough rice in a farm-scale silo to be stored at a temperature below ice point, i.e., super-low-temperature storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (898K) -
Atsushi ODA, Minoru YAMAZAKI, Akira OIDA2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 71-76
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethane fermentation, well known as one of the methods for organic wastes treatment, has been used as an energy production process in order to produce a gaseous fuel. But methane fermentation has some problems to be solved about gas production rate and volatile solids reduction efficiency. Simple methods to improve these problems are needed. In this study, we focused on far infrared radiant ceramics as a stimulating substance to activate methanogenic bacteria. Firstly, through the experiment of one batch fermentation, it was confirmed that the ceramics in the fermenter caused increase of total gas production. Next, even through the experiment of continuious fermentation, same stimulating effect was confirmed. It was considered that this effect was caused not only by a function of bio-contactor of the ceramics but also by far infrared radiation from ceramics.View full abstractDownload PDF (3513K) -
Masami MATSUI, Eiji INOUE, Tomoko KUWANO, Ken MORI2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 77-81
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHead-feeding combines separate grain from other materials by means of wind from a winnower. Although the combine operator can control the wind velocity, it is difficult to maintain the most appropriate speed by recognizing changes in the grain feed rate. In this study, we used a commercially available winnower to examine the relationship between grain loss and the grain feed rate at specific fan speeds, and aimed to reduce the grain losses that occur due to changes in the grain feed rate. We regulated the plate fan speed in accordance with the grain feed rate in order to achieve a designated rate of grain loss. As such, we were able to ascertain the relationship between grain loss and the grain feed rate for each fan speed. With this information we were able to achieve fan speeds that would restrict grain losses to within target limits.View full abstractDownload PDF (754K) -
Development of Positional Servo Systems to Control Front and Rear Wheel AngleYoshinobu NISHIIKE, Mikio UMEDA2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 82-88
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo construct Model-following control system of a vehicle movement for improving handling and stability, positional servo systems that control front and rear wheel angle must be built as minor loops. So, a hydraulic piston pomp and a hydraulic cylinder were equipped to a farm vehicle to steer front and rear wheels by wire. To take uncertainty of plant into consideration, feedback controllers for front and rear wheel angles were designed by using H∞ control. In step response experiments, the results show that the front and the rear wheel angle reached to each reference within 0.5s and 0.3s, respectively. In running experiments on tilled and puddled paddy field, the results show that following performance of these positional servo systems was desirable.View full abstractDownload PDF (3938K) -
Construction of Observer for Side Velocity by Using Extended Kalman Filter and Kalman FilterYoshinobu NISHIIKE, Mikio UMEDA2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 89-98
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo construct Model-following control system for automatic steering, side velocity of the vehicle must be estimated. For this purpose, representative cornering powers were estimated by using Extended Kalman Filter algorithm. Side velocity observer based on the estimated values was constructed by using Kalman Filter algorithm. Results examined by computer simulation prove that the method is effective. Experiments to estimate the representative cornering powers were done on a concrete road and, tilled and puddled fields. In the experiments, the representative values are measured.View full abstractDownload PDF (1342K) -
Yutaka SASAKI, Masato SUZUKI, Tomohiro SAITO2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 99-107
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe grade-sorting of green soybeans, such as for identifying beans with a defected size, has so far depended on visual inspection and consequently the operation is very time-consuming. It is, therefore, desirable to shorten the operational time requirement through automation. The discernment part which used the laser sensor was built for grade sorting using form information in this research. This thesis reports on the following main results: (1) the development of a laser sensor grade-sorting system, (2) the introduction of a genetic programming of the self-dissembling type, and (3) the establishment of multistage sorting system.View full abstractDownload PDF (5627K) -
Mechanical DesignSatoru SAKAI, Michihisa IIDA, Mikio UMEDA2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 108-116
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents a structure system of a heavy material handling manipulator for agricultural robots as the 1st step. Firstly, as the manipulator for handling the heavy materials is analyzed using kinematics indexes, the parallel type manipulator is superior to the conventional manipulators such as polar coordinates type, articulated type, cylindrical coordinates type, cartesian coordinates type and SCARA type. Secondly, a prototype of the parallel type manipulator has been designed and developed for watermelon harvesting using a hydraulic motor, hydraulic cylinders and a DC motor. Finally, the robotic harvesting experiment was done using the developed manipulator in a watermelon field. In this experiment, the success rate was 86.7% and the working time was 40s. For the standard watermelons, the success rate was 100%.View full abstractDownload PDF (3473K) -
LQ Controller Design and μ-AnalysisSatoru SAKAI, Koichi OSUKA, Hiroaki FUKUSHIMA, Michihisa IIDA, Mikio U ...2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 117-123
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents a control system of a heavy material handling manipulator for agricultural robots as the 2nd step. Firstly, a strategy to improve the operation speed was determined based on the previous results. Secondly, control system modeling and parameter identification was done. Thirdly, a switched control system based on the strategy was designed and then, analyzed on the robust stability in the presence of uncertainty. Finally the robotic harvesting experiment was done using the designed and analyzed control system in the watermelon field. The operation speed became 3 times of the previous speed. The working was 14s.View full abstractDownload PDF (894K) -
Hidenori TSUCHIYA, Seiichi OSHITA, Yoshinori KAWAGOE, Itaru SOTOME, Ya ...2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 124-131
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA measuring system equipped with a thermography was constructed in order to measure the surface temperature of vegetables continuously during vacuum cooling. It was indicated from measured temperature on 2-dimensional area of lettuce that the decrease in temperature of leaves was rapid and that of midribs was slow. Moreover, it was confirmed by thermal images that the temperature of lettuce measured by thermocouple showed lower value due to water evaporation than that of the point close to the location of thermocouple. Then, the problems concerning to temperature measurement by a thermocouple were pointed out. The water evaporation from the location of thermocouple was experimentally observed through the thermal image and that only the point where thermocouple was set up cooled down rapidly comparing with other area of midrib. Therefore, it was clarified that the decrease in temperature of lettuce leaves was mainly due to water evaporation and that of lettuce midribs was due to heat conduction.View full abstractDownload PDF (7714K) -
Yoshio HIKIDA, Takemi ABE2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 132-138
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of the construction of the system which automatically searches the optimum gas composition for controlled atmosphere storage and modified atmosphere packaging, a computer-based respiratory property measurement and control system was produced experimentally. The calculation formulae of oxygen consumption rate, carbon dioxide evolution rate, respiratory quotient were deduced, and the measuring method of the gas-transfer coefficient necessary for the calculation of these respiratory properties was shown. As the result that this system was applied to broccoli and respiratory properties under three atmospheric conditions were measured, the oxygen consumption rate was suppressed mainly by the decrease in oxygen concentration, and the depression of carbon dioxide evolution rate by the increase in carbon dioxide concentration was observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1066K) -
Measurement of the Characteristics of the Independent Control for Transverse Displacement and Attitude AngleKunio SATO, Hideki MIYAMOTO, Norio INOUE, Makoto HOKI, Masaaki NAKAZAW ...2003 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 139-147
Published: July 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to improve the attitude control efficiency of working vehicles, we prepared an active control system for four-wheel steering vehicles and carried out the experiment for the measurement of its control characteristics. The vehicle used for the experiment was a four-wheel steering vehicle with 2 axles independent control type that controls the front axle and the rear axle separately. The method applied to the system prepared for this experiment is to obtain front and rear steering angles by combining linearly the controlled variables that control the transverse displacement and the attitude angle separately. Although there remain some interferences by the limitation of the mechanism of the vehicle, it was confirmed with the results of running experiments that the transverse displacement and the attitude angle could be controlled as an independent controlled variable respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1232K)
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