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Volume 62, Issue 5
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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K. SASAJIMA2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 1-2
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Kenji TOGASHI2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 4-12
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Y. MATSUO2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 13-15
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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S. URAKAWA, Y. YOSHIMURA2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 16-18
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Field test using an autonomous tractorToru TORII, Akira TAKAMIZAWA, Tsuguo OKAMOTO, Kenji IMOU2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 37-42
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes a vision-guided tractor for crop row management, suitable for such tasks as weeding and the application of pesticide and herbicide. The vehicle strides over the crop row, capturing an image from which the heading and offset errors are obtained to correct the steering angle. The algorithm of the vision system performs by, first, separating the furrow and crop areas according to color differences using HSI color transformation; then the least squares method is applied to find the boundary between the two areas. Based on these boundary lines, perspective view transformation is used to identify the heading and offset errors from the desired line. The steering angle for control is determined from a combination of the offset, heading error and the current steering angle. Results show that the vehicle follows the desired line along the crop row to within an acceptable tolerance.View full abstractDownload PDF (3328K) -
Characteristics of Acidogenic ProcessJunye JIA, Yutaka KITAMURA, Tateshi FUJIURA, C. L. HANSEN2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 43-49
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA bench scale acidogenic process composed of four continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR) was constructed to treat garbage slurry to produce volatile acids (VA) for gasification process. Steady state values of pH, concentrations of substrate, microbe and product for influent and effluent of the reactors were determined at operational hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. The process was successful in degrading garbage solids as substrate and producing significant quantities of volatile acids as product. Relationships between the microbe or product and the HRT were simulated mathematically by using the parameters which were derived from kinetic evaluation of the process. The simulation showed the critical HRT was 1.5 days and indicated process modifications that might produce a higher concentration of product.View full abstractDownload PDF (937K) -
Yohei ISHII, Yoshio IKEDA2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 50-58
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of this research is automatization of livestock management using the animal voice which may be considered as the expression of animal demands. In this paper, vocalizations of seven cows were analyzed under hungry and weaning conditions to recognize individual cow and condition important in livestock management. It was assumed that the voice was produced by the auto-regressive process and the frequency characteristics of voice were expressed with the linear prediction coefficients. These coefficients were utilized in the discriminant analysis using the Mahalanobis' generalized distance. The rate of exact recognition ranged from 23.4% to 77.8% for recognition of individual, and the average rate was 59.8%. The average rate of exact recognition was 92.4% for recognition of condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (2674K) -
Variation of High Frequency Freshness Indices and Estimation of Ice Storage TimeKoro KATO, Morihiko SAKAGUCHI, Yasuyuki OOI, Shin MARUO, Kaoru TOYODA2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 59-69
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe changes in the radius of Cole-Cole circular arc calculated from the high frequency range of 10kHz-1MHz, the resistance ratio and the resistance difference of 10kHz and 1MHz were examined as practical freshness indices during ice storage of red sea bream, carp and yellowtail. These indices were measured using needle electrodes and contact electrodes to obtain the correlation between the freshness indices and ice storage time. As the results, the differences in values of the freshness indices among individuals, fish species and measuring positions were observed: both measurements of fillets from bone side by contact electrodes and from skin side by needle electrodes were effective. The correlation coefficients between the freshness indices and ice storage time were high, and the changes of indices within several hours were detected for yellowtail. In the case of measurement from skin side by contact electrodes, only small variations of the indices were observed due to the high resistance of skin.View full abstractDownload PDF (1744K) -
Uzuki MATSUSHIMA, Sei-ichi OSHITA, Tomoko M. NAKANISHI, Masahito MATSU ...2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 70-78
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to estimate the preservation method of cut carnation flowers by applying non-polar gas, the effect of Xe gas on the water in cut carnations was examined. The distribution of water concentration in cut carnations was given as gray scale images through neutron radiography and the mobility of water molecules was estimated by T1 relaxation time of protons. The application of Xenon to cut flowers was found to maintain the water uptake activity and at the same time to prevent water loss. When 0.7MPa of Xe gas was applied, an appreciable change in T1 relaxation time of water in ovaries was not observed over the first 24 hours. This suggested that the dynamic state of water in ovaries was held nearly constant by Xe-treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (6400K) -
Sakae SHIBUSAWA, Shinichi HIRAKO, Atsushi OTOMO, Kenshi SAKAI, Akira S ...2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 79-86
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA tractor-mounted spectroscopic soil sensor developed has enabled the real-time detection of the sub-soil reflectance continuously at depths of 15 to 40cm as well as the record of location in the field. It provides spectral reflectance of soil over 400 to 1700nm wavelengths, a visible to NIR range, which are available for predicting soil moisture, soil organic matter content, nitrate nitrogen content, electric conductivity and pH. The proposed soil sensor will make it possible to increase the accuracy in soil parameters mapping, in addition to time and labor saving for the works.View full abstractDownload PDF (4223K) -
Open Airflow System Including DehumidifierManuel Jose C. REGALADO, Eiji BEKKI2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 87-97
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThin-layer drying of rough rice was conducted at different drying air temperature and relative humidity (r.h.) combinations to fundamentally elucidate the characteristics of an open airflow dehumidification drying system. Against changing ambient temperature and r.h., it was obviously difficult to condition open air introduced into a dehumidifier to arbitrarily set values, particularly to such low temperature as 10°C Patterns of moisture reduction with time were typical exponential curves. Drying curves showed two falling-rate periods. The overall drying rate increased as drying air temperature increased and r.h. decreased, but the effect of temperature increase was dominant. The relationships between drying rate and fissure occurrence were described by exponential curves. Total fissured grains were generally lower than the results obtained in the closed air recirculation system.View full abstractDownload PDF (1176K) -
Effect of Laser Emissions on Rice Plant LeavesKunio SATO, Terunao UMEZAKI, Makoto HOKI, Shigeki TAKAKI2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 98-103
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a part of the fundamental researches of laser application for weed and pest control, the effects of the laser emissions on rice plant leaves were studied. As a consequence of the experiments with four emissions of green laser (532nm), it was found that there was a threshold of the influences on the rice plant leaves with unit area wattage of laser beams between 56.6×4 and 144×4GW/m2. One emission of green laser with unit area wattage of 342GW/m2 also affected rice plant leaves physically. Infrared laser (1064nm) from unit area wattage of 83.8×4 to 375×4GW/m2 did not give any change or damage on the surface of the rice plant leaves.View full abstractDownload PDF (2252K) -
Shun-ichiro TANAKA, Fumihiko TANAKA, Takao OKUBO, Yoshiharu MAEDA, Kaz ...2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 104-109
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThin layer drying characteristics of rough rice, variety “HINOHIKARI”, were measured using a dynamic ventilator method. Air temperatures of 5, 10, 15 and 20°C, relative humidity in a range from 6.31% to 87.1%, and initial moisture content 23.5% d.b. were used to obtain moisture content data. Air humidity was controlled using the saturated salt solutions, and the variation of air temperature was about ±0.1°C for each test. Results revealed that 1) the rough rice with initial moisture content of 23.5% d.b. was dried in the second falling rate period, 2) sphere model was presented and quite good agreement was obtained between the experimental results and the model predictions, 3) the drying constant in second falling rate period depends on air temperature and humidity, 4) equilibrium moisture content of rough rice was measured and fitted with Chen-Clayton's equation, 5)the latent heat of vaporization of water in the grain was calculated.View full abstractDownload PDF (879K) -
Takao OKUBO, Shun-ichiro TANAKA, Fumihiko TANAKA, Satoshi TSUJI, Kazuo ...2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 110-116
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was known that low temperature drying could produce high quality dried products, because it could reduce the chemical reaction during drying period. Models were developed to predict the moisture content of rough rice in deep-bed and tray-bed dryer. The model was based on heat and mass transfer equations between moist air and rough rice, and it was including a shrinkage effect caused by drying. Regarding tray-bed dryer, the mixing law of moist air was used to simulate low temperature drying. A set of differential equations was solved by finite differential method. Inlet air conditions data were used as input. Predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental data.View full abstractDownload PDF (907K) -
Akira YANO, Ryutaro YAMADA, Kazuhiro FUJIWARA, Mitsuo IIMOTO, Akio TAG ...2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 117-119
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Yoshio NAKANO, Kazunori IWABUCHI2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 120-122
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Tadashi CHOSA, Kyo KOBAYASHI, Masaaki OMINE2000 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 123-125
Published: September 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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