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Volume 58, Issue 6
Displaying 1-24 of 24 articles from this issue
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S. YAGI1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 1-2
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Considerations for the Shape of Single-Edged KnifeKatsuyuki TANAKA1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 3-12
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe amount and direction of bending load was studied to determine the relation between knife shape and work performed. The result indicated the advantage of single-edged knife over double-edged one. The shape of the knife edge was examined based on the bending stress which was obtained from two different methods, namely, using values measured with edge surface pressure sensors, and the bending moment measured with strain gages pasted on the knife. The smaller the wedge angle, the larger the bending stress. For the knife with a edge angle of 25°, the bending stress was 300MPa. The edge with two-stage blade was proposed to reduce the cutting force while maintaining the edge tip Strength.View full abstractDownload PDF (1223K) -
Kohei NAKANO, Toshio KAWANO, Tamaki KIDA, Satoshi MURATA, Toshitaka UC ...1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 13-19
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs one of the basic study for applying dielectric heating method to the drying of grains, microwave drying test for rough rice was performed. The method is different from the conventional method and indicates unique characteristics in grain heating. Equations for drying and heating were introduced using diffusion theory and heat balance respectively. Then, the obtained equations were transformed into simultaneous differential equations with the orthogonal collocation method which is one of the method of the weighted residuals, and were calculated numerically with Runge-Kutta-Gill method to compare with experimental data. Moreover, the germination rate and the fatty acid content of rough rice were determined to investigate the effect of microwave drying on the quality of grains.View full abstractDownload PDF (896K) -
Toshio KAWANO, Kohei NAKANO, Tamaki KIDA, Satoshi MURATA, Toshitaka UC ...1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 21-29
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concentration characteristics of CO2 gas generated from rough rice and wheat seeds, under various temperature and moisture conditions ranging from 273.15 to 313.15 (K) and from 19 to 35 (%, d. b.) respectively, were measured with the infrared gas analyzer which is capable of reading 1ppm of CO2 gas concentration. The measured CO2 gas concentration was supposed as ideal gas and transformed into the value of CO2mg per unit time and dry matter weight. The results of the transformation revealed that the respiratory rate of both grains exponentially increased with grain temperature, as reported by many investigators. The respiratory rate of rough rice also increased exponentially with moisture content, but the increasing inclination of respiration characteristics of wheat changes from exponential shape at low moisture content to straight or S-shape at high moisture content. An empirical epuation describing the respiratory rate was proposed and its parameters were obtained by fitting with least spuare method. The proposed equation takes into consideration that the respiratory rate of grains indicates Arrhenius type of increasing inclination with seed temperature and differs in the inclination with moisture content between both grains.View full abstractDownload PDF (1257K) -
Suppression of Metabolism of Plant CellSei-ichi OSHITA, Atsushi HASHIMOTO, Yasuhisa SEO1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 31-38
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLow temperature was pointed out to cause the increase in the viscosity of water which behaves as a factor of the suppression of metabolism. From this, it was thought that metabolism can be suppressed by the increase in the number of hydrogen-bonded water molecules, because the viscosity is shown as a function of the energy of hydrogen bond. After dissolving xenon gas into intracellular water, the effect of suppression on plant cells was investigated. The velocity of protoplasmic streaming of coleoptile cell of barley was measured under the atmospheric condition and was 5.9μm/s at 288K. As the water became structured, the velocity decreased and it reached to 4.1μm/s at the xenon partial pressure of 0.5MPa. When structured condition was relaxed, the velocity of protoplasmic streaming recovered to 6.2μm/s. Viable ratio of dissected coleoptile cells after 7 days storage was zero at a normal condition and it improved by making the water structured. The optimum pressure of xenon was in the range from 0.4 to 0.7MPa under which viable ratio of 1.0 was observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (6829K) -
Kouzo KAWASAKI, Hideaki IMURA, Masahiro AIURA, Shigeru ITOH1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 39-47
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRushes are usually bundled and, after immersed in mud water, they are packed vertically in a heated air dryer for drying. This drying method needs a long time. The quality of rushes will be deteriorated because the lower part is exposed to hot air for a long time. If rushes are piled horizontally with small thickness, the drying time will be shorter than vertically packed rushes, and the quality of rushes will not be deteriorated. Therefore, a theoretical simulation and an experimental study on the horizontally piled rush drying were performed. Asa result, we obtained the following conclusions; 1) rushes piled horizontally need shorter drying time than those packed vertically, 2) the present theoretical simulation is useful to describe the drying process of horizontally piled rushes, because the result of simulation is in close agreement with that of experiment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1092K) -
Introduction and Application of Particle Size Distribution Functions of Intermediate ProductsRyuji SEKI, Satoshi MURATA, Takashi HIROSE1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 49-60
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents a method of deriving the particle size distribution functions of the products in each stage of gradual reduction milling processes, and a method of selecting suitable sieves. The particle size distribution data of the product, obtained from each stage of milling tests at three levels of grain conditioning, were fitted to the particle size distribution function model in which each milling condition was used as parameters. The functions represent the relation between the fluctuation of each milling condition and that of particle size distribution in each stage of the product. Wide applicable method of selecting suitable sieves was introduced by using the above mentioned function.View full abstractDownload PDF (2764K) -
Distinction Method for Strawberry SortingMasateru NAGATA, Osamu KINOSHITA, Katsunori ASANO, Qixin CAO, Kenji HI ...1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 61-67
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAfter proposing a geometric features for strawberry shape distinction and their effects verified, four judging methods were tested. As a result, three methods which use the center of gravity of projected area distinguished the shape more accurately, but required longer time for judging. Another method, which is considered useful and acceptable for its short judging time, has a distinction accuracy inferior to the other three and must be improved further.View full abstractDownload PDF (850K) -
The Evaluation of Color and Gloss Decrease on the Surface of EggplantsTakahisa MATSUOKA, Kiyoshi MIYAUCHI, Takuya YANO1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 69-77
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, we compared the evaluation by human eyes in a sorting house with the evaluation using integrated results of relative spectral reflectance in the visible range to obtain objective evaluation standards of gloss of eggplants. The relative spectral reflectance and the color difference were measured, and it was found that the gloss on the surface of eggplants differs from the lightness. The changes of other properties with the gloss decrease were also measured, and a microscopic observation on the surface of eggplants was carried out using an electron microscope. The observation shows that the gloss on the surface of eggplants is caused by round and adhesive substances on the epidermal cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (6173K) -
Ryozo NOGUCHI, Kazushi NAKANO1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 79-88
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSParameters to characterize the torque curve quadrilateral model for a rotary blade were identified by using the Gauss-Newton method, whose convergence conditions for parameter identification were examined from the practical viewpoint design of rotary tillage shaft. In the simulation, all the parameters which determine the torque curve quadrilateral model were easily identified by using our identification program under a variety of tillage soil hardnesses, It was clarified that the possibility of direct identification for the parameters which are very important to design the rotary blade arrangement by using the measured torque curve in actual field without experiment in the soil bin.View full abstractDownload PDF (1185K) -
Raising Test of SeedlingsKohei TASAKA, Akio OGURA, Motomu KARAHASHI1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 89-99
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies were conducted to raise long mat type rice seedlings by hydroponics, roll up and transplant them to paddy fields. Rice seedlings grew in the watered bed for 10-15 days, and the plant length was 10-15cm. The mat of rice seedlings, composed of entangled plant roots and nonwoven cloth, was 5-6m in length, 28cm in width and strong enough to be handled. Roll type hydroponic rice seedlings were made by rolling up long mat type hydroponic rice seedlings. The weight was 1-1.4kg per 60cm, approximately 1/5 of the weight of the conventional mat type rice seedlings raised in soil bed.View full abstractDownload PDF (7519K) -
Unmanned Traveling SystemKoichi TOSAKI, Sumihiko MIYAHARA, Tomohiko ICHIKAWA, Yoshiharu MIZUKUR ...1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 101-110
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA microcomputer controlled driverless air blast sprayer was developed to avoid the exposure of operator to agricultural chemicals and machine noise, to improve safety and to increase working efficiency during the application work for pest control in orchards. The driverless air blast sprayer travels along the guiding cable set on the working course. An “unmanned” traveling system was developed and installed on the sprayer. This system detects the displacement between the sprayer and the cable to control the steering devices of the sprayer to travel along the cable by sensing the magnetic field which was generated by sending alternating current to the cable. A Fuzzy reasoning method was used for the algorithm of the automatic steering control program to control the steering devices smoothly. The unmanned sprayer traveled smoothly and steadily along the cable during straight traveling and turning on flat ground.View full abstractDownload PDF (4815K) -
Shoji KOIDE, Satoshi MURATA, Toshitaka UCHINO, Yuji SUGAWARA, Fumihiko ...1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 111-117
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the airflow resistance through packed wheat bed, static pressure was measured at various moisture contents (14.5-29.8w. b.) and superficial velocities (0.227-0.975m/s). It was recognized that there was a moisture content dependency in the airflow resistance. In this study, using the Ergun's equation, an attempt has been done for the calculation of airflow resistance as the function of moisture content. As a result, it was shown that the calculated values are fitted well with the measured values.View full abstractDownload PDF (765K) -
Kazutomo ICHITO1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 119-122
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Masami IWASAKI1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 123-128
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Naoshi KONDO1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 129-133
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Highlighted on GrainMotoyasu NATSUGA1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 133-138
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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An Over View of Thermography and Application for AgricultureMasahiro KAMEI1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 138-141
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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S. UCHIDA1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 143-144
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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K. KAJITANI1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 145-147
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Isao TADA, Yasuhiro KOMIYA1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 150-154
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Hisaya YAMADA1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 154-158
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Seiichi ARIMA1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 158-164
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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Development of the Automatic Koji-making ApparatusYasuhiro MISHIRO1996 Volume 58 Issue 6 Pages 164-168
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
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