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Volume 66, Issue 11
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Takashi IDA, Satoshi TANIAI, Kohei MAKIGUCHI, Naoki OTOMO, Koichi TANI ...1991 Volume 66 Issue 11 Pages 723-726
Published: November 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify the precise of cellular immunity mechanism in pulmonary tuberculosis, weinvestigated the amount of IL-2 in patients with untreated active pulmonary tuberculosis.When serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was examined using enzyme assay, anabnormally high level was observed in all patients (29.0+11.6 IU/m/, mean+SD; 4.5-17.8, normal range). Likewise, the level of serum-soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) measured by ELISA showed abnormal high level in all patients (844.3+584.8 IU/m/;80-300, normal range). When stimulated using PHA, the peripheral lymphocyte's ability toproduce IL-2 revealed no difference between control subjects and patients. It was, however, noted that the lymphocytes of the patients significantly suppressed IL-2 responsivenesswhen compared to the control subjects (P<0.05). The serum IL-2 concentration measuredusing RIA could not be detected in any of the patients as was the same for control subject.
All of the above mentioned results suggest that T-cell activation which causedincrement in serum ADA activity and soluble IL-2R occured in active pulmonarytuberculosis. The suppressed IL-2 responsiveness in the peripheral lymphocytes of patientsproposes the possibility of soluble IL-2R reduction by the negative feedback mechanism inIL-2-sensitive lymphocytes.View full abstractDownload PDF (438K) -
Yousuke AOKI, Shigetaka KUROKI, Kenya HIURA, Osamu KATOH, Hozumi YAMAD ...1991 Volume 66 Issue 11 Pages 727-732
Published: November 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have reviewed 442 patients with lung cancer. There were 323 male patients with amean age of 65.8 yr and 119 female patients with a mean age of 66.0 yr. Histological typesof lung cancer were squamous cell carcinoma 177 patients (40.0%), adenocarcinoma 167 (37.8%), small cell carcinoma 75 (17.0%), large cell carcinoma 17 (3.8%) and undifferentiatedcarcinoma 6 (1.4%). When lung cancer was diagnosed, 55 patients (12.5%) showed tuberculouslesions on the initial chest X-ray film. The majority of these tuberculous lesions were oldchanges, but only one with cavitary lesion was confirmed to be active. Although there wasno statistical significance, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma was higher in the 55patients with tuberculous lesions than in the remaining 387 patients without ones.
In the present study, five patients developed active pulmonary tuberculosis while on atherapy of lung cancer. All of these five patients were male and they had advanced lungcancer on admission. The diagnosis of active tuberculosis was made by autopsy in twopatients and by culture-positive after death in two. Only one patient was identified to haveactive tuberculosis by broncho-alveolar lavage. Three of 5 patients showed old tuberculouslesions on the initial chest X-ray film, but all of five patients showed caseoinfiltrativeshadows when active tuberculosis occurred. In addition, the prevalence of active pulmonarytuberculosis was significantly higher in the patients with old tuberculous lesions (5.6%: 3out of 54 patients) than in those without ones (0.52%: 2 out of 387 patients). Finally, allof the five patients died. The causes of death were lung cancer in three patients, bothpulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer in one and pulmonary tuberculosis in one.View full abstractDownload PDF (759K) -
Yuka SASAKI, Fumio YAMAGISHI, Kiminori SUZUKI, Jun-ichi YASUDA, Noriko ...1991 Volume 66 Issue 11 Pages 733-738
Published: November 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBetween 1986 and 1990 we had twelve patients (ten males, two females, 19-65 years ofage) with laryngeal tuberculosis who complained hoarseness and whose larynges wereexamined by fiberscopes. Chest roentgenograms revealed cavities in ten and in seven thelesions were extensive (Grade 3 according to the classification of Japanese Society for Tuberculosis). In all patients sputum smears were positive. Both patient's and doctor'sdelays were longer than those of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis without laryngealinvolvements. Group infection was the source of infection in one patient. Since thediagnosis of laryngeal tuberculosis is difficult to make on clinical basis, it is important tomake fiberscopic examinations of the larynx and do biopsies in patients with pulmonarytuberculosis who complain hoarseness.View full abstractDownload PDF (6997K) -
Haruaki TOMIOKA, Katsumasa SATO, Hajime SAITO, Hiromichi TASAKA1991 Volume 66 Issue 11 Pages 739-746
Published: November 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIdentification of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was made using three DNAprobe tests for MAC: Gen-Probe (R) Rapid Diagnostic System for the MAC (Gen-Probe Inc., San Diego, U.S.A.), AccuProbeTM MAC Culture Identification or Confirmation Test (Gen- Probe Inc.); and SNAP (R) Culture Identification Diagnostic Kit (MAC) (Syngene Inc., San Diego, U.S.A.). Various strains of MAC belonging to serovars 21 to 28 were identified bythe DNA probe tests and showed the following. First, Serovar 21 and 25 belonged to M.avium and M. intracellulare, respectively. Each of them reacted with species-specific probesused in the three DNA probe tests [ie., either M. avium-probe (in SNAP test; Probe A) or M. intracellulare-probe (in SNAP test; Probe I)]. Second, serovars 22-24 and 26-28consisted of M. intracellulare, MAC strains that reacted with Probe X of SNAP test butlacked the reactivity with M. avium and M. intracellulare-probes of all the DNA probetests, M. scrofulaceum that showed no reactivity with M. avium or M. intracellulareprobe or Probe X, and M. scrofulaceum that had only the reactivity with Prnhp
When the disease-associated MAC strains (35 strains), isolated in the Kanto to Kyushuareas in Japan, were identified using AccuProbe test, both the M. avium and M.intracellulare strains identified by the Gen-Probe test reacted with the MAC-probe but notwith the M. tuberculosis complex (MTC)-probe. Three MAC strains (strains N-417, N-420and N-428) failed to react with M. avium-probe and only had borderline reactivity with M. intracellulare-probe in the Gen-Probe test: These strains also failed to react with either the MAC- or MTC-probe in the AccuProbe test. They were, however, reacted withProbe X of SNAP test. Therefore, these peculiar strains could be identified as beeing Probe-X reactive MAC.
When the distribution of M. avium and M. intracellulare among the disease-associated MAC strains (123 strains) newly isolated in the western districts of Japan (Kinki toKyushu) was studied, the ratio of M. avium was larger than that of M. intracellulare inKinki district for those MAC strains identified using the SNAP test. On the other hand, areverse distribution was observed for the MAC strains isolated in the Chugoku, Shikoku and Kyushu districts. This was consistent with our previous findings in the identification ofdisease-associated MAC strains isolated in the various districts of Japan using Gen-Probetesting.View full abstractDownload PDF (1012K) -
Shinji SHISHIDO, Reiko NAGAO, Hiroko NAKANO, Takeaki TORITANI, Katsuhi ...1991 Volume 66 Issue 11 Pages 747-751
Published: November 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSClinical backgrounds of six children who entered Matsue National chest Hospital due topulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous pleuritis were investigated and the following resultswere obtained. 1) Of six children five had not received BCG vaccination. 2) There were twochildren who developed tuberculosis after the completion of chemoprophylaxis. 3) None wasdetected by the examination of the household of the source cases. 4) Both patients anddoctors were responsible for the, delay in detecting the source, which ranged between fiveand seventeen months in total. 5) Among the source cases there were two patients who weresmear-negative but culture-positive. In view of the above observations it is suggested that BCG vaccination is important for the prevention of tuberculosis in children and th at follow-u p examinations should be continued after the completion of chemoprophylaxis. It shouldalso be emphasized that early detection of the source case is imperative for the preventionof tuberculosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K) -
Shigeki HITOMI1991 Volume 66 Issue 11 Pages 753-798
Published: November 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the development of new anti-tuberculous drugs such as SM, INH, KM, EB, and RFP, the role of surgery in tuberculosis treatment has been changing. Thoracic surgeons, who have treated tuberculosis since the time before anti-tuberculous drugs through theperiod of the development of such above drugs, may already have or soon will be retiredfrom active practice.
In such a stage of tuberculosis treatment, it is of great significance that Dr. Fumiyuki Kuze, the president, planned a symposium on “Role of surgery in tuberculosis treatment”.
Patients with tuberculosis without drug resistance rapidly improve. Most of them donot require treatment by thoracic surgeons. Even admission is sometimes not necessary.However, no new drugs have been developed during this 20-year period since thedevelopment of RFP. Therefore, durg-resistant tuberculosis has been reappearing as anincurable disease. In addition, there still remain atypical mycobacterial disease, empyema, tracheal and/or bronchial tuberculosis, and postoperative chronic respiratory failure, whichare sequelae observed during the peak period of tuberculosis surgery, and which require ofsurgical treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (14000K) -
[in Japanese]1991 Volume 66 Issue 11 Pages 801-803
Published: November 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (356K)
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