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Volume 73, Issue 12
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Hidenori MASUYAMA, Akira TAKASE, Masakazu AOKI, Tadao SHIMAO1998 Volume 73 Issue 12 Pages 697-703
Published: December 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Tuberculosis Control Project, Lumbini, Rupandehi (TCPLR) is a bilateral cooperative venture between two NGO's, the Nepal Anti-Tuberculosis Association (NATA) and the Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), which consists of planning and implementing pilot tuberculosis control activities in Lumbini, Rupandehi district in Nepal, aiming at achieving high cure rate of newly detected smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients before introducing DOTS strategies. Between December 1993 and July 1996, 349 tuberculosis (TB) cases were enrolled in the TCPLR.
The categories of cases were as follows: 138 cases (40%) of new smear positive pulmonary TB [new Sm (+) PTB], and 54 cases (15%) of smear positive pulmonary TB other than new Sm (+) PTB [other Sm (+) PTB] including such cases as continued treatment and relapse, 106 cases (30%) of new smear-negative TB [new Sm (-) TB], and 51 cases (15%) of other smear-negative TB other than New Sm (-) PTB [other Sm (-) TB]. The number and proportion of new Sm (+) PTB cases enrolled in the project have been increasing [6 cases (23%) for the first year, 102 cases (54%) for the third year] although the proportion is still low (40% overall).
The regimens of chemotherapy in the initial intensive and the continuation phases of treatment according to the categories of TB were as follows: New Sm (+) PTB; 2HRZE (S) /6HE, other Sm (+) PTB; 2HRZES/1HRZE/5HRE, and Sm (-) TB; 2HRZ/6HE. The proportion of cases treated by the appropriate regimen of chemotherapy has increased.
The cohort analysis of the treatment outcome of the cases enrolled in the project showed the following. The proportion of cured cases plus smear unconfirmed cases completing treatment among new Sm (+) PTB was 74% overall, however, the proportion of defaulters increased in the third year.
The proportion of cured cases plus smear- unconfirmed cases completing treatment among other Sm (+) PTB cases was 66% overall, which is slightly lower than that of new Sm (+) PTB cases, however, the difference was not so marked. The proportion of treatment completed cases among smear-negative pulmonaly TB cases was 77% overall, however, proportion of defaulters increased in the third year.
The treatment outcome in this report was obtained before the adoption of DOTS strategies: However, it showed that cure and treatment completion rates were comparable to those obtained in the SEARO countries which adopt DOTS starategies. The treatment outcome could be improved after the introduction of DOTS strategies in 1997.View full abstractDownload PDF (889K) -
Yoshihiro KOBASHI, Toshiharu MATSUSHIMA, Shin KAWAHARA, Atsuhiko TADA, ...1998 Volume 73 Issue 12 Pages 705-711
Published: December 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, we investigated 45 foreign patients who had been diagnosed as having tuberculosis in Chugoku-Shikoku area during the past 12 years. Regarding regional characteristics, in Hiroshima prefecture an epidemic of tuberculosis was experienced among patients coming from South America, but antituberculous therapy was performed for 87% of the patients because of the high coverage of the health insurance scheme. But in Okayama prefecture, most of the patients were female and came from Asian countries, such as, the Philippines. Antituberculous therapy was not performed for nine patients because of no coverage of the health insurance scheme. In the other prefectures, only a few cases of tuberculosis were experienced, but in Yamaguchi prefecture two of three foreign patients were multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
Hiroko SAKAMOTO, Riyo FUJIYAMA, Hisashi OHNISHI, Toshiyasu SAKURAI, Ki ...1998 Volume 73 Issue 12 Pages 713-718
Published: December 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA tuberculosis epidemic occured among 4 relatives who live in the neighborhood of the index case. A thirty-three year old female was admitted to a hospital in July 1994 with high fever and cervical lymphoadenopathy. Culture examination of her sputum was positive for acid-fast bacilli and her chest X-ray showed diffuse small nodules.
During the following sixteen months, five new patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were found among the relatives who lived in the neighborhood of the index case. The contact examination was first limited in her own family members, however, after detection of the second case, the examination was extended to other relatives living nearby, and another four patients were found. The results of PPD skin test of ten contact children showed strongly positive reaction, and chemoprophylaxis was indicated.
Contacts examination is very important especially for patients with highly infectious tuberculosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1545K) -
Yutaka ITOU, Yoshirou MOCHIZUKI, Yasuharu NAKAHARA, Tetsuji KAWAMURA, ...1998 Volume 73 Issue 12 Pages 719-722
Published: December 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 68 year old woman consulted our hospital because of 6 month history of dry cough. Her chest X-ray revealed bronchiectasis in the left lung. Three sputum specimens were culture positive for acid fast bacilli (AFB) 200 colonies. The bacilli were scotochromogenic, niacin test was negative and hydrolysis of tween 80 was positive, and they were identified as M. gordonae. M. gordonae is rarely implicated as a pathogen but a few reports suggest it may be pathogenic. Though our patient had clinical symptom and expected. abundant M. gordonae, her chest X-ray revealed no progression. Thus, it was hardly possible to consider this case as a case caused by the infection with M. gordonae. In preeous reports of M. gordonae pulmonary disease, chest X-ray findings showed cavity, infiltration and consolidation, however, no case with bronchiectasis was reported and chest Xray findings of this case are interesting.View full abstractDownload PDF (997K) -
1998 Volume 73 Issue 12 Pages 723-754
Published: December 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3901K)
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