Juntendo Medical Journal
Online ISSN : 2188-2134
Print ISSN : 0022-6769
ISSN-L : 0022-6769
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Volume 35, Issue 4
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Contents
  • Clinico-pathological study of hepatocellular carcinoma
    ISSEI SHIRATA, JOE ARIYAMA, MASAFUMI SUYAMA, KAORU OGAWA
    1990 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 476-483
    Published: February 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.35.476
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This report describes the pathological and clinical findings in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and compares diagnostic modalities to provide data for their rational use in the diagnosis of small HCC. Between 1968 and 1985,348 cases of HCC have been studied. The male to female ratio was 285 : 59 with an average age of 58. Clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were assesed in 121 patients. Symptoms and laboratory findings were similar to that of liver cirrhosis. Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) was useful in the detection of HCC. In 13 autopsy specimens and 6 resected specimens, barium sulfate was injected into the hepatic artery to analyse angiographic findings in HCC. Radiolographs of barium angiograms demonstrated that HCC was a highly vascular tumor with tortuous irregular vessels. Tumor vessels taken with a dissecting miroscope showed gross disorganzation of the vascular architecture with irregularity to vessel caliber. Thess findings corresponded well to those obtained by in vivo angiography. Ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT) and angiography were evaluted in the diagnosis of HCC. US detected 89% of 197 tumors. CT detected 91% of 161 tumors and angiograpy diagnosed 99% of 328 tumors. HCC smaller than 1cm was difficult to diagnose with US and CT. Sixty-three tumors were resected and the smallest lesion measured 0.8×0.8cm. The following integrated diagnosis is recommended in the early diagnosis of HCC. Initial examinations for high risk patients of HCC are AFP and US. Should this be abnormal angiography is indicated. During angiography, the lipid lymphographic agent (Lipiodol) is injected into the hepatic artery. Three or four weeks later CT is performed to assess the presence of setelite nodules.
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  • A clinical study of chemotherapy for gastric cancer
    JUN SASAKI
    1990 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 484-494
    Published: February 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.35.484
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Eighty seven cases of advanced gastric cancer, which included macroscopic types 1, 2, 3 and 5, were treated with anticancer drugs between January 1980 and Aprill 1988 and the clinical response was evaluated by the general rules for the gastric cancer study. Chemotherapy induced various morphological changes. Morphological changes observed in type 1 tumors included height and irregularities of surface and size. Types 2 and 3 showed the following morphological changes : changes in irregularities of surface and height and width of randwall ; changes in size and depth and bottom surface irregularities of craters ; and changes in size of gastric lesions. Furthermore, in type 3, expandability of the gastric wall had changed. An investigation on microscopic findings following preoperative chemotherapy for cancer, revealed a relation between morphological changes and therapeutic effects. The shapes of gastric lesions, which achieved “Partial Response (PR)” or “Complete Response (CR)”, were various, and for types 1 and 2, could be classified into three groups ; while, for type 3, two groups were distinguished. Furthermore, each group obtained a survival time of more than one year. When the morphological changes of gastric lesions correspond with therapeutic effect, survival time is prolonged. Therefore observation of gastric lesions is necessary to determine whether to continue, add or change the chemotherapy.
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  • Immunocytometric analysis of graft versus host disease in [MRL/lpr→MRL/n] bone marrow chimera
    YOSHIRO SAKAMOTO, SACHIKO HIROSE
    1990 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 495-506
    Published: February 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.35.495
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Lethally irradiated MRL/n mice reconstituted with bone marrow cells from MRL/ lpr mice developed graft versus host disease (GVHD) -like severe wasting syndrome associated with lymphoid atrophy at about 2 months bone marrow transplantation. In these [MRL/lpr→MRL/n] chimera mice, we found pulmonary lesion resembling interstitial pneumonia. Similar pulmonary lesions were also observed in MRL/ lpr mice. Comparison of the lymphoid cell subsets infiltrating in the lung as well as spleen of MRL/lpr and [RL/lpr→MRL/n] chimera mice by flow cytometry analysis revealed that the pulmonary disease of MRL/ lpr mice represents a pulmonary counterpart of the lymphoproliferative disease and that the pulmonary lesion of the chimera mice is of GVHD nature. we suggest that NK cells play an important role in the induction of GVHD in these [MRL/lpr→MRL/n] chimera mice.
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  • Radiological review of early carcinomas in the upper part of the stomach (C-area)
    DAISUKE SAISHO, FUMINARI KAJI, TSUTOMU HAMADA
    1990 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 507-515
    Published: February 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.35.507
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Between 1968 and 1987 we performed gastrectomy for early carcinomas of the C-area in 83 patients with 86 lesions. These lesions were divided into four groups on the basis of their location : 11 were found less than 1 cm from the esophago-cardiac junction (CA 1 group), 9 in the 1-2 cm region (CA 2 group), 39 in the 2.1-4.0cm region (NC group), and 27 greater than 4.1cm away (UB group). 1) The incidence of early cancer in the C-area and the cardia was 86/766 (11.2%) and 20/766 (2.6%). The early-advanced ratio and the ratio of cancer limited to the mucosa in the depressed types were low in the C-area and the cardia. The differentiated -undifferentiated ratio of histological types became higher, and the m-sm ratio of the lesious (11-30mm in size) became lower, the closer the lesion was to the E-C junction. 2) On routine X-ray examination, 15 of the 18 elevated lesions were detected. However only 39 of the 60 depressed lesions were detected, 3 lesions in the CA 1 group (3 / 9 ; 33.3 %), 6 lesions in the CA 2 group (6 / 6 ; 100%), 12 lesions in the NC group (12/22 ; 54.5 %), and 18 lesions in the UB group (18/23 ; 78.3 %). None of the lesions without ulcer scars in the CA 1 group were detected by X-ray examination because the cardia was not opened. It was necessary to have large volumes of air in the stomach to diagnose the carcinomas. The lesions located in the anterior wall of the NC or UB groups were also overlooked. The double contrast method of prone position was required for detection.
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  • Synaptic plasticity in the lateral septum of the adult rat brain and effect of estrogen
    MOMOKO MIYAKAWA
    1990 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 516-524
    Published: February 20, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.35.516
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The neuropil of the lateral septum which is abundant in estrogen receptors was examined to study the synaptic plasticity in adult rat brain. The axodendritic spine synapses (SPS) were observed much more frequently than the axodendritic shaft synapses (SHS). The synaptic organization was examined at 9, 13 and 28 weeks after birth in intact male and female rats. The number of SPS was increased at 13 weeks, but was decreased at 28 weeks in both male and female rats. The number of SHS in female rats was higher at 9 weeks than after 13 weeks. At 28 weeks, the number of SHS in males was higher than in females. After the estrogen treatment for 4 weeks from 9 weeks of age, the number of SHS increased only in females. The estrogen treatment of castrated male rats for 16 weeks increased the number of SPS. In ovarietomized females, the total number of axodendritic synapses was increased by estrogen, being significantly higher than that of intact controls. These results provide evidence for the synaptic plasticity in the lateral septum in the adult brain and indicate that estrogen has a synaptogenic effect on this area.
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