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Volume 40, Issue 7
Displaying 51-68 of 68 articles from this issue
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Yun-Lian LIN, Yueh-Hsiung KUO1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1928-1929
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEudesmin, syringaresinol dimethyl ether, kusaginin and brachynoside were isolated from the ethanol extract of the leaves of Clerodendron brachyanthum. The new glycoside, branchynoside, was assigned as 2-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-4-O-(3, 4-dihydroxycinnamoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside from studies on partial methylation and methanolysis products and from analysis of spectroscopic evidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (447K) -
Tadahiro TAKEDA, Noriyasu HADA, Yukio OGIHARA1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1930-1933
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe three kinds of oligosaccharides that constitute the partial structure of lipid IV (1) were synthesized as follows. The disaccharide O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose (13), the trisaccharide O-α-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose (21), and the tetrasaccharide O-α-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)]-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose (25) were each synthesized by stepwise condensation of suitably protected monosaccharide units. A 1, 6-anhydro-D-glucopyranose derivative was used as the glycosyl acceptor, and bromide derivatives of D-mannose and D-xylose as donors.View full abstractDownload PDF (723K) -
Yuji MORI, Yasunori KOHCHI, Makoto SUZUKI, Hiroshi FURUKAWA1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1934-1936
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe stereoselective synthesis of four diastereoisomers of octane-1, 2, 4, 6, 8-pentol derivatives is described by means of a convergent 1, 3-polyol synthesis using a four-carbon unit, where 1, 3-syn- and anti-selective reductions have been effectively employed.View full abstractDownload PDF (651K) -
Antonio EVIDENTE, Gennaro PICCIALLI, Angelo SISTO, Masashi OHBA, Kei H ...1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1937-1939
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESScis-Zeatin (3a) and its 9-(2-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl) derivative (3c) have been synthesized from N-[(1, 1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]glycine methyl ester (5) in 5 steps by adopting the "α-amino aldehyde/olefination" technology. The new cis-zeatin derivative (3c), its trans isomer (1c), and known trans-zeatin 9-β-D-riboside (1b) were tested for cytokinin activity in the stimulation of chlorophyll biosynthesis in etiolated cucumber cotyledons. The riboside 1b turned out to be the most active cytokinin among them, while the deoxyribosides 1c and 3c showed a marked decrease and a total loss, respectively, of cytokinin activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (680K) -
Hisayuki TANIZAWA, Yuki OHKAWA, Yoshio TAKINO, Toshio MIYASE, Akira UE ...1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1940-1942
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe antioxidative activities of twenty types of citrus fruits were investigated with a screening method which is based on rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by dihydromicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). The activities of the exocarp were greater than those of the sarcocarp and the activities from immature fruits (colleted in July-August) were greater than those from mature fruits. The strongest antioxidative activity was found in ponkan (Citrus reticulata BLANCO) collected in July.View full abstractDownload PDF (520K) -
Baoliang CUI, Motoyuki NAKAMURA, Junei KINJO, Toshihiro NOHARA1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1943-1945
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree new acylated flavonol glycosides (1-3) were isolated from Astragali Semen, seeds of Astragalus complanatus R. BR. (leguminosae). The structures of 1, 2 and 3 were elucidated as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4'-O-(3‴-O-dihydrophaseoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl) rhamnocitrin, 3-O-[5‴-O-p-coumaroyl-β-D-apiofuranosyl(1‴→2")-β-D-glucopyranosyl] rhamnocitrin and 3-O-[5'''-O- feruloyl-β-D-apiofuranosyl(1‴→2")-β-D-glucopyranosyl] rhamnocitrin, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (557K) -
Katsuko HOSODA, Mamoru NOGUCHI, Tomonari KANAYA, Akihiko NISHIJIMA1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1946-1947
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe method for the determination of saponins by thin layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometry and an improved colorimetric method on inulin using Sep-Pak purification were applied on Platycodon root.Picking the flowers of Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC. during cultivation markedly increased the root weight. However, picking flowers or fruit did not affect the content of dilute ethanol-soluble or water-soluble extract defined by JP XII, saponin or inulin in Platycodon root.It is concluded that picking the flowers of P. grandiflorum is favorable for increasing the yield of the root growth without altering the chemical constituents.View full abstractDownload PDF (715K) -
Masao KONDO, Hideko KIMURA, Tetsuya MAEKUBO, Tsutomu TOMITA, Masaaki S ...1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1948-1950
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA highly sensitive and simple method for determining δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) in urine was established, using direct injection of urine into a high-performance liquid chromatographic column, with fluorometric detection after post-column derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA). The recovery of ALA was about 100% and ALA was completely separated on an ion exchange column (retention time, 38 min). The detection limit for ALA was 10 pmol (S/N=2). The mean levels of urinary ALA of 10 healthy volunteers, 4 patients with acute intermittent porphyria, and 2 workers occupationally exposed to lead were 0.76, 5.25, and 23.54 mg/l, respectively.Because of its simplicity, the method is considered to be suitable for routine analysis of urinary ALA in the clinical laboratory.View full abstractDownload PDF (443K) -
Fumitaka YASUNAGA, Norifumi MORIKAWA, Masaharu TAKEYAMA1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1951-1953
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe established a highly sensitive and specific double-antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for β-endorphin (β-EP). For competitive reactions, the β-EP-antibody was incubated with β-EP standard (or sample) and β-D-galactosidase-labeled β-EP (delayed addition). Free and antibody-bound labeled antigen were separated by using an anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G coated immunoplate. The enzyme activity on the plate was fluorometrically determined. The minimal detection limit was approximately 0.4 fmol/well (10 pmol/l). Using this assay system, β-EP-like immunoreactivity (-LI) in human plasma was determined. The level of β-EP-LI in extracted human plasma from 6 normal subjects was 2.44±0.68 pmol/l. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of the plasma of a normal subject revealed a single immunoreactive form which eluted with the same retention time as that of synthetic β-EP.View full abstractDownload PDF (544K) -
Tetsuro IKEKAWA, Hideharu SAITOH, Weijian FENG, Huiling ZHANG, Langfan ...1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1954-1957
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntitumor activity of Hypsizigus marmoreus, one of the most popular Japanese edible mushrooms, was investigated. The aqueous and methanol extracts were tested against allogeneic tumor, solid sarcoma 180 and syngeneic tumor, Meth A fibrosarcoma. The aqueous extract was highly active in inhibiting growth of solid sarcoma 180, but not as much for Meth A fibrosarcoma. Fractionation of antitumor substances of the aqueous extract isolated four polysaccharides. Chemical analysis revealed one of them to be β-(1-3)-glucan with a remarkable inhibitory effect against tumor-growth of sarcoma 180.View full abstractDownload PDF (563K) -
Takaaki AOYAGI, Taka OSANAI, Takao WADA, Fukiko KOJIMA, Machiko NAGAI, ...1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1958-1960
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSour previous studies suggested that the administration of exogenous gangliosides to the body modulates enzymatic networks in the brain. In the present study, we tested whether that is the case with another organ, spleen. By testing the dose response relationship, we found that there is a optimum dose for the effect of enzymatic modulation of GMI (monosialoganglioside 1) administration. Although the optimum level varied depending on each of the examined hydrolytic enzymes, it usually fell in the range around 50 μg/kg body weight. The findings led us to conclude that the enzyme-modulating actions of gangliosides come not merely from the bizarre actions in vivo of high molecular exogenous substances.View full abstractDownload PDF (582K) -
Takao AOYAGI, Mariko YAMAMURA, Kiyohide MATSUI, Yu NAGASE1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1961-1963
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNovel cyclic sulfoxides, such as 2-octyl, 2-dodecyl and 2-hexadecyltetrahydrothiophene-1-oxide were prepared by the alkylation of tetrahydrothiophene-1-oxide. Additionally, 2-methyl, 2-ethyl and 2-propyl-5-dodecyltetrahydro-thiophene-1-oxide were conducted by further alkylation. Their enhancing activity on the penetration of indomethacin through rabbit skin was evaluated in in vitro experiments, and the effect of the alkyl length on the enhancing activity was discussed. Among the 2-alkyl-tetrahydrothiophene-1-oxides, the compounds containing dodecyl and hexadecyl groups promoted a much greater penetration of the drug through the skin than the compound containing an octyl group. A stronger effect was observed in the experiment using 2-dodecyl-5-alkyltetrahydrothiophene-1-oxide, as compared with the that of 2-dodecyl-tetrahydrothiophene-1-oxide. The substitution of the alkyl groups to the next position of the sulfoxide group seemed to make the enhancing activities large.View full abstractDownload PDF (564K) -
Junko NAKAMURA, Takashi MIZUMA, Masahiro HAYASHI, Shoji AWAZU1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1964-1965
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSulphate conjugation of p-nitrophenol (p-NP) in the liver and platelet cytosol of guinea pigs, rabbits and dogs were studied. The dependency of phenol sulphotransferase (PST) activity on p-NP concentration in the liver of guinea pigs and rabbits and in the platelets of guinea pigs were similar to that reported for the liver (Mizuma et al., J. Pharmacobio-Dyn., 6, 851 (1983)) and platelets (Nakamura et al., J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 42, 207 (1990)) of rats. There was one peak of PST activity on p-NP at the concentration of 1 to 10 μM, and the PST activity was increased again with an increase of p-NP concentration above the original concentration. On the other hand, a peak in PST activity on p-NP at the concentration of 1 to 10 μM was not observed in the platelets of rabbits and dogs. These results indicated species and organ differences in PST activity on p-NP in liver and platelets. The biphasic activities of the PST on p-NP in platelets and liver of rat and guinea pig were similar to that reported in humans (Reiter et al., Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol., 324, 140 (1983)).View full abstractDownload PDF (412K) -
Kouji NAKAYAMA, Akira TANAKA1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1966-1968
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reaction of ethyl 5-trimethylsilyl-2-furoate (1) with sulfuryl chloride in dichloromethane afforded an unexpected product, ethyl 5-chloro-4-trimethylsilyl-2-furoate (2a), through a novel trimethylsilyl group migration.View full abstractDownload PDF (443K) -
Tomoyasu IWAOKA, Hiroshi ICHIKAWA, Chikara KANEKO1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1969-1971
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe addition of dilute molecular fluorine to ethylenes proceeds stereoselectively to give the cis adducts, and the method has now gained potential synthetic utility for the preparation of a variety of fluorinated compounds. A possible mechanism accounting for this selectivity is proposed based on HOMO-LUMO theory, bond distances, and weakness of F-F bond.View full abstractDownload PDF (436K) -
Masayuki SATO, Shinya NAGASHIMA, Toshio FURUYA, Chikara KANEKO1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1972-1974
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe tite homochiral oxazinedione has been synthesized from l-menthyl phenylglyoxylate in three steps and found to exhibit high diastereofacial selectivity (≥99%) when used as heterodiene and Michael acceptor.View full abstractDownload PDF (475K) -
Yoshisuke TSUDA, Hong-Min LIU1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1975-1977
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethyl α- and β-D-arabinohexopyranosid-2-uloses rearranged, in pyridine, into methyl α- and β-D-ribo-hexopyranosid-3-uloses through intermediacy of methyl α- and β-D-arabinohexopyranosid-3-uloses, respectively, indicating that an intramolecular hydride shift is the initial reaction for rearrangement of 2-oxoglycosides.View full abstractDownload PDF (428K) -
Hyung-Hwan PARK, Takashi HAKAMATSUKA, Hiroshi NOGUCHI, Ushio SANKAWA, ...1992 Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 1978-1980
Published: July 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethanol extracts prepared by mild and careful procedure from cultured cells of P___-. lobata were analyzed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to reveal that most of the isoflavone 7-O___--glucosides daidzin(1) and genistin(2), and 8-C___--glucoside puerarin(3), exist as their 6"-O___--malonyl esters. The presence of malonyl esters of 1, 2 and 3 was also detected in the fresh roots and stems of P___-. lobata.View full abstractDownload PDF (448K)