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Volume 57, Issue 4
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Atsushi OYAMAGUCHI1982 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 225-232
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere have been numerous reports on the transfer factor (TF) of delayed-type hypersensitivity, but there are still unsolved problems about its mechanisms. The experiments reported herein wereperformed in order to clarify the transfer mechanisms of tuberculin-type hypersensitivity (TTH). Usedas a TF was the non-dialyzable fraction of the extract obtained from spleen cells of guinea pigs vaccinated and challenged (VC group) with heat-killed BCG.
1. A fraction which showed TTH-transfer activity was isolated from the spleen extract of the VC group by column chromatography using a Sephadex G-75. It's molecular weight was 15, 000- 67, 000.
2. The low molecular fraction of TF did not contain H37Rv antigen or an antibody to H37Rv.
3. Recipient animals intravenously injected with the TF showed a positive skin reaction to PPDon the 3rd day, but the reaction was negative one week after the injection.
4. TTH was transferred to normal recipients with thymocytes or spleen cells from normal animalsincubated with TF in vitro for 24 hours, but not with the lymphnode cells of those animals.
It was demonstrated that TTH could be transferred to normal recipients by thymocytes orspleen cells treated with TF in vitro. This results suggests that normal T cells are sensitized throughthe same process in recipient animals injected with TF.View full abstractDownload PDF (1321K) -
Takahiro YONEDA, Junko ISHIBASHI, Kiyoshi NISHIKAWA, Riichiro MIKAMI, ...1982 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 233-237
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNK cell activity, which may provide defense mechanism in the immunesurveillance system, wasstudied in 38 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and 54 sex, age-matched healthy controls.
The results were as follows:
1) The mean NK cell activity in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (58.7+26.4%) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than that in normal controls (17.4±212.2%).
2) The mean NK cell activity in normal controls over 60 years of age (11.2 +9.6%) was significantly lower (p<0.001) than that in those under 60 years of age (22.3±11.8%).
3) The mean NK cell activity in patients who converted to negative tubercle bacilli by antituberculous drugs (71.9±35.9%) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that in newly diagnosed patients (43.2±20.7%).
4) The mean NK cell activity in patients who continued excreting tubercle bacilli with resistanceto any drugs (so-called “Chronics”) was 59.4±30.3%.View full abstractDownload PDF (775K) -
Toshihiko ARAI, Sadao KOMATSU, Hoichi NAGATOMI1982 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 239-242
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe determined the minimal inhibitory concentrations of the six antibiotics against the clinicallyisolated atypical mycobacterium strains, such as Mycobacterium intracellulare, M. kansasii, M. gordonae, M. fortuitum and M. nonchromogenicum in Dubos' medium. Ampicillin was found to be effective to M.gordonae, M. nonchromogenicum and M. intracellulare, but not effective to M. kansasii and M. fortuitum.Cephalexin was a little less effective than ampicillin. Streptomycin and tetracycline were found tobe similarly effective to M. gordonae and to some of the strains of M. kansasii and M. intracellulare, thoughtetracycline was found to be more effective to M. fortuitum than streptomycin, and streptomycin wasfound to be more effective to M. kansasii than tetracycline. Chloramphenicol and erythromycin werefound to be effective only to M. gordonae.
Since mycobacteria grow intracellulary and cause granulomatous inflammation, in vitro resultsmay not directly agree with the clinical effectiveness. But, we found at least in vitro that even ampicillin could be effective against atypical mycobacteria located extracellulary, and that tetracyclinecould be as effective as streptomycin.View full abstractDownload PDF (610K) -
Toshiharu MATSUSHIMA, Hiroki HARA, Rinzo SOEJIMA, Takehiro NAKAJIMA, Y ...1982 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 243-250
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study on serial chest X-ray films of twelve patients with saprophytic, aspergilloma during lastseven years revealed the following findings:
1. Among total twelve cases, four patients had multiple aspergillomas, and eight had solitary.
2. There were two cases with multiple aspergillomas which were detected one after another intheir serial chest X-ray films.
3. Histological findings revealed conglomerated aspergillus hyphae in neighboring bronchi andbronchioles. Successive appearance of aspergillomas on chest roentgenogram and conglomeratedaspergillus hyphae in the airways suggested the possible bronchogenic spread of the disease.
4. Starting from thickening of cavity wall, then followed by falling off of inner layers of cavity, fusion of dropped out mass, irregular fungus ball, and finally round fungus ball with smooth surface, were typical process of fungus ball formation.View full abstractDownload PDF (3733K) -
Hiroki HARA, Toshiharu MATSUSHIMA, Osamu KATOH, Rinzo SOEJIMA, Takehir ...1982 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 251-256
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSClinical feature of seven tuberculous patients who were operated under diagnosis of lung cancer, arestudied. All of seven cases had initially been considered to be pulmonary tuberculosis, then suspectedof lung cancer due to the following reasons: a coin lesion was positive 67Ga scintigraphic finding in onecase, a tumor-like shadow did not respond to initial intensive chemotherapy in two cases, right middlelobe atelectasis occurred in the course of antituberculous chemotherapy in one case, bronchial brushingspecimen was positive cytology in one case, and bronchographic findings showed bronchial stenosisin two cases.
These findings are considered to be reasonable to suspect them of lung cancer on the whole, sinceearly resection is at present the best therapy for lung cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (2505K) -
Fumiko KUTSUKAKE, Tae MURAKAMI, Yoriko SASAKI, Yoshio MITANI, Tohru KA ...1982 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 257-261
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRifampicin (RFP)-induced liver dysfunction during the treatment for tuberculosis was discussed.
Incidence of RFP-induced liver dysfunction was 11.1 % (151 cases) among 1, 359 cases treatedwith RFP-containing regimens.
Many of the RFP-induced liver dysfunction were observed in the early stage of chemotherapy, and the elevation of serum transaminases (s-GOT and s-GPT) was mild in the majority of cases. Asthe recovery was retarded among cases with s-transaminases above 100 K-U than cases below 100, the former RFP should be discontinued in the former until the restoration of liver dysfunction.
Attention should be payed to the cases with elevated s-transaminases combined with abnormalitiesof other laboratory data such as ZnTT, history of other liver dysfunction, diabetes mellitus or habitualdrinkings, as the recovery of liver dysfunction is retarded in such cases.
The liver dysfunction as one of the side-effects should be given proper attention in the treatmentfor tuberculosis, considering long-term benefit of patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (742K) -
S. MIYACHI, T. KOSUDA, T. HISATOMI, F. ITO, K. TADOKORO, M. MURANAKA1982 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 263-267
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRifampicin (RFP) 0.45 g daily was prescribed to a 54 years old male patient with pulmonarytuberculosis in Jan. 1980. He had taken RFP for one year in 1975 and had experienced slight fever, which had disappeared after the cessation of RFP.
On the tenth day after the re-administration of RFP, the patient suddenly developed chills, severelumbago, hypotension and became anuric. Blood chemistry showed severe hemolytic anemia andacute renal failure, and the serum was red wine colored. All the medications (INH, RFP, EB and1314TH) were stopped and peritoneal dialysis (PD) was begun. After two weeks on PD, the urinevolume was restored and blood chemistry results became almost normal. The direct antiglobulintest was positive at the onset of the crisis but became negative 13 days later. Indirect antiglobulintest was negative throughout the course. RFP was suspected to be the causing agent and the followingin vitro tests were undertaken.
(i) On the 40th day after the crisis, his blood was taken, heparinized and was incubated withor without RFP. The direct antiglobulin test of this blood was positive only under the presence ofRFP. Blood from a control subject did not show positive results under the presence of RFP.
(ii) The indirect antiglobulin test using his serum was performed with or without RFP. Thistest yielded positive results only under the presence of RFP. Sera from control subjects receiving RFPwithout adverse reactions showed negative results on both with and without RFP.
From these results RFP was regarded to be responsible for this hemolytic crisis. The usefulnessof using the direct antiglobulin test on whole blood-drug mixture (i) as a simple screening test is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (613K) -
Shutaro TAKASHIMA, Hisashi OKAMOTO, Yoshiharu AIZAWA, Takeshi KAWAI, A ...1982 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 269-272
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of pulmonary tuberculosis with positive culture of tuberculous bacilli in gastric lavage, complicated a swelling of 37 × 30 mm with slight tenderness at left supraclavicular area while underisoniazide therapy. Surgical extirpation was performed and resected material yielded positive cultureof Mycobacterium scrofulaceum and M. intracellulare. Histopathological finding revealed subcutaneous granulomatous lesion with multinuclear giant cells without caseous necrosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (688K)
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