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Volume 66, Issue 7
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Katsuhiko TSUKAGUCHI, Takahiro YONEDA, Masanori YOSHIKAWA, Nobuhiro NA ...1991 Volume 66 Issue 7 Pages 477-484
Published: July 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMalnutrition is frequently observed in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. We have already reported the nutritional disturbance in those patients by comprehensive nutritional assessment. But the mechanism of this nutritional disturbance remains unclear. We anticipated that cytokines contributed to the nutritional disturbance. To elucidate this mechanism we measured the productions of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by peripheral blood monocytes, and correlated them with nutritional parameters in those patients. These cytokines had been reported to mediate metabolic alterations in inflammatory process. Subjects were 45 patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and their controls matched by age and sex. Adherent monocyte at 0.5×106/ml were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the culture supernatant was measured by ELISA for IL-1 and TNF. In order to assess nutritional status we measured serum albumin, transferrin, prealbumin, retinol binding protein, branched chain amino acid (BCAA) /aromatic amino acid (AAA) ratio as amino acid imbalance index, % ideal body weight (% IBW), % arm muscle circumference (% AMC) as muscle mass index, % triceps skin fold thickness (% TSF), as fat store index.View full abstractDownload PDF (958K) -
Masamichi KINOMOTO, Mariko TAKEKAWA, Reiko M. NAKAMURA1991 Volume 66 Issue 7 Pages 485-488
Published: July 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have previously reported that the staining of mycobacteria with fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and ethidium bromide (EB) detects viable bacteria and distinguish them from heat-killed bacteria. Whether this method can be applied to clinical specimens has been an important question. In the present experiment, we treated mycobacteria with either UV-irradiation, 70% ethanol, 0.2% benzalconium chloride, 5% saponated cresol solution, or 5% phenol for 24 hours, and stained with FDA/EB to evaluate the effect of sterilization. We also stained samples of sputum from a tuberculosis patient with FDA/EB after treatment with 4% NaOH for 30min. and neutralized with 1N H2SO4. All the samples were determined for the colony forming units on 1% Ogawa egg media. A good correlation was observed between the results of FDA/EB staining and colony formation. We believe that FDA/EB staining is useful method to detect viable mycobacteria in clinical samples.View full abstractDownload PDF (2100K) -
Haruaki TOMIOKA, Katsumasa SATO, Hajime SAITO1991 Volume 66 Issue 7 Pages 489-492
Published: July 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMycobacterium avium and M. intracellulare isolated from patients infected with M. avium complex (MAC), which were identified by Gen-Probeg Rapid Diagnostic System for the MAC, were studied for susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents, including rifampicin, rifabutin, kanamycin, streptomycin, amikacin, ethambutol, clofazimine, isoniazid, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and cycloserine. Ratio of resistant strains to test strains to a given agent at prescribed concentration in cases of M. avium and M. intracellulare was compared with each other. Test strains of M. avium were more resistant to rifampicin, rifabutin, kanamycin, streptomycin, amikacin, ethambutol and clofazimine than test strains of M. intracellulare. Conversely, the M. avium strains were more susceptible to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and cycloserine than M. intracellulare strains. The difference in the drug susceptibility between M. avium and M. intracellulare was statistically significant by X2-test (P<0.005-0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two MAC species with respect to the susceptibility to isoniazid.View full abstractDownload PDF (454K) -
Tadashi ISHIDA, Yoshihisa MATSUMURA, Atsushi MIYAKE, Tooru YOKOI1991 Volume 66 Issue 7 Pages 493-497
Published: July 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 78 year-old female was referred to our hospital, because diffuse miliary shadows in bilateral lung fields were discovered during upper G. I. series. She did not complain of fever or display any chest symptoms. Her laboratory data on admission revealed mild hypoxemia and high serum CA 19-9. The transbronchial lung biopsy specimen proved epithelioid cell granulomas. M. tuberculosis was observed on culture from the sputa, urine and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. She was diagnosed to have miliary tuberculosis, and antituberculous drugs were administered. After the antituberculous therapy, the diffuse miliary shadows on the chest X-ray diminished gradually, and the laboratory data improved. No elevation in the body temperature was seen during the entire clinical course.
Though it is known that miliary tuberculosis in elderly patients is often atypical and has mild symptoms, miliary tuberculosis without fever is very rare.View full abstractDownload PDF (3774K) -
Haruaki TOMIOKA, Katsumasa SATO, Hajime SAITO, Hiromichi TASAKA1991 Volume 66 Issue 7 Pages 499-502
Published: July 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDNA probe testing for Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) was performed using Gen-Probereg; Rapid Diagnostic System (Gen-Probe Inc., San Diego, Calif., U.S.A.). By DNA probe test carried out blindfold for 48 mycobacterial strains with code numbers obtained from Kyoto University (Prof. F. Kuze), 13, 7, and 5 strains were identified as to be M. avium, M. intracellulare, and MTC, respectively. The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of this testing were 100%. In this experiment, % hybridization of M. avium complex (MAC) and MTC were 25-55% and 45-52%, respectively.
DNA probe test for 54 MTC strains including M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. africanum and M. microti revealed that 53 strains, except for one strain donated as a niacin-negative M. tuberculosis, reacted with MTC probe but not with MAC-probes. The one exceptional strain reacted with both the MTC and M. avium-probes. However, when ten colonies randomly isolated from this strain on 7H11 agar plate were subjected to the DNA probe test again, all of these colonies reacted with M. avium probe, but not with MTC probe. Moreover, one representative colony was found to have α-antigen specific for the MAC.View full abstractDownload PDF (480K) -
Shigefumi MAESAKI, Yasuhito HIGASHIYAMA, Kohtaro MITSUTAKE, Haruko MAT ...1991 Volume 66 Issue 7 Pages 503-505
Published: July 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe susceptibility of antituberculous agents against colonized M. intracellulare which were isolated from patients with pulmonary disease and infectious M. intracellulare (pathogens) isolated from atypical mycobacterial culture was investigated.
Aminoglycosides were more potent against colonized organisms than against pathogens. Isoniazid, ethambutol and rifampicin showed less potent antimicrobial activity against both colonized organism and pathogens as compared to aminoglycosides. On the contrary susceptibility of cycloserine against colonized organisms was as potent as against pathogens.View full abstractDownload PDF (368K) -
[in Japanese]1991 Volume 66 Issue 7 Pages 509-510
Published: July 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (255K)
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