According to the expansion of the application area of TFT color LCD, the high bright and wide viewing anguler backlighting systems have been needed. The light utilization efficiency and the relationships between brightness and viewing angle have been investigated. And the optimized combination of diffuser film and prism array film was found. Applying this technology, the new backlight with low power consumption, high brightness and wide viewing angle (brightness 2,600cd/m^2, lamp power consumption 2.5W) has been developed.

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AC as well as DC PDPs are leading candidates for large screen flat displays. However, they are still staying at the position of just candidates, because their fudamental issues have not been solved yet. A new AC/DC hybrid PDP which was named as a memory sheet PDP, shortly MSP, has been developped to give a solution for them. The MSP using a pair of dielectric coated metal meshs has a structure and driving method totally different from that of the conventional PDPs.

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A new vacuum ultraviolet F_2 lamp was remodeled to use He-Xe(1%) gas (hereafter called VUV lamp) and used as an excitation source of phosphours for PDP synthesized at our lab. Luminant properties of both VUV lamp and the phosphours were measured and compared with the ones excited by an AC-PDP model electrode. The light emitting properties of the phosphours corresponded to the properties of exciting light spectrum. Among all, Ba_xMg_yO nAl_2O_3:Eu,Mn gave best brightness and chromaticity. Improvement of these properties can be expected by designing its composition and structure.

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The paper introduces recent studies on various types of cathode including diamonde and ferroelectric cathode reported in 1994 TRI-SERVICE/NASA CATHODE WORKSHOP.

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Recently colored Liquid Crystal Display market is growing very rapidly. Therefore pigment-dispersed color filters have increased dramatically too, due to the superior stability compared with Dyed, Printed and Electrode position types. We have made four types pigment-dispersed color filters, and compared these characteristics. Therefore judging from these manufacturing processes, material costs and performance, further we have continued to develop the color resist of the radical polymerization type. By optimizing binders, functional monomers and initiators, we have developed the colored resist which has high photosensitivity and good color characteristics. Moreover the color filters by this resist have higher stability against heat, light and chemicals.

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EO performance of amorphous TN-LCDs prepared by a non-rubbing method and those of super-multidomain TN-LCDs prepared by using UV light irradiated photopolymer orientation films are demonstrated and the analytical explanations of their characteristics by a computer simulation are made. The TN-LCDs prepared in these methods exhibit uniform and wide viewing angle characteristics.

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Present status of studies on visible luminescence from porous silicon (PS) is reported. First, the fundamental characteristics of photoluminescence (PL) and some optoelectronic properties of PS related to the luminescence mechanism (band gap, electronic structure, electrical and photoconduction, electric field effects on PL, and so on) are described. Next the electroluminescence (EL) characteristics of PS diodes with solid-state contacts are evaluated in terms of efficiency, spectral tuning, and dynamic response). Potential applicability of luminescent PS to silicon-based active display and optoelectronic integration is also discussed.

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